Indexers can be declared on interfaces. The declaration takes the following form:
[attributes] [new] type this [formal-index-parameter-list] {interface-accessors}
where:
Accessors of interface indexers differ from the accessors of class indexers as follows:
Thus, the purpose of the accessors is to indicate whether the indexer is read-write, read-only, or write-only.
The following is an example of an interface indexer accessor:
public interface IMyInterface { ... // Indexer declaration: string this[int index] { get; set; } }
The signature of an indexer must differ from the signatures of all other indexers declared in the same interface.
The following example demonstrates implementation of interface indexers.
using System; // Indexer on an interface: public interface IMyInterface { // indexer declaration: int this[int index] { get; set; } } // Implementing the interface: class IndexerClass { private int [] myArray = new int[100]; public int this [int index] { // indexer declaration get { // Check the index limits if (index < 0 || index >= 100) return 0; else return myArray[index]; } set { if (!(index < 0 || index >= 100)) myArray[index] = value; } } } public class MainClass { public static void Main() { IndexerClass b = new IndexerClass(); // call the indexer to initialize the elements #3 and #5: b[2] = 4; b[5] = 32; for (int i=0; i<=10; i++) { Console.WriteLine("Element #{0} = {1}", i, b[i]); } } }
Element #0 = 0 Element #1 = 0 Element #2 = 4 Element #3 = 0 Element #4 = 0 Element #5 = 32 Element #6 = 0 Element #7 = 0 Element #8 = 0 Element #9 = 0 Element #10 = 0
In the preceding example, you could use the explicit interface member implementation by using the fully qualified name of the interface member. For example:
public string IMyInterface.this {...}
However, the fully qualified name is only needed to avoid ambiguity when the class is implementing more than one interface with the same indexer signature. For example, if the class Employee
is implementing two interfaces, ICitizen
and IEmployee
, and both interfaces have the same indexer signature
, the explicit interface member implementation will be necessary. That is, the following indexer declaration:
public string IEmployee.this {...}
implements the indexer on the IEmployee
interface, while the following declaration:
public string ICitizen.this {...}
implements the indexer on the ICitizen
interface.
For more information on Explicit Interface Member Implementation, see § 13.4.1 in the language reference.