• Executive Summary

  • The Shrimp-Turtle Ruling

  • Impacts of the EU's Banana Trade Regime

  • The Beef Growth Hormone Ruling: An Analysis

  • WTO Dispute Settlement & Sustainable Development: Solving the Crisis

  • Reference











  • References
    1.Identified in 'Shaping the 21st Century: The Contribution of Development Co-operation', by the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development/Development Assistance Committee (OECD/DAC), May 1996, and endorsed by EU governments and the European Commission. The UK Government prioritised the realisation of the DAC poverty-reduction goals in its White Paper on International Development 1997, and is urging the EU to integrate the DAC poverty-reduction goals into the objectives of the EU's multilateral development programme.

    2See 'Banana Briefing', 21 October 1997, by Glenys Kinnock MEP.

    3.Council Regulation (EC) amending Regulation (EEC) No. 404/93 on the common organisation of the market in bananas. Recommendation for a Council Decision authorising the Commission to negotiate with countries having a substantial interest in the supply of bananas in order to reach an agreement on allocation of the tariff quotas and the traditional ACP quantity, Brussels, 14.01.1998. COM (1998) 4 final.

    4. Traditional ACP banana suppliers are Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Surinam, Somalia, Jamaica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Dominica, Belize, Cape Verde, Grenada, Madagascar. Madagascar will not continue its banana exports to the EU.

    5. Table 5, 'The static cost of preference loss' in 'From Lomé to the GSP: Implications for the ACP of Losing Lomé Trade Preferences', by Jane Kennan and Christopher Stevens, Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 1997. Report commissioned by Oxfam UK & Ireland.

    DISPUTE SETTLEMENT IN THE WTO: A CRISIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

    A WWF International,
    Centre for International Environmental Law (US),
    Oxfam-GB & Community Nutrition Institute (US) Discussion Paper

    Sections of this paper were authored variously by Charles Arden-Clarke, Jake Caldwell, Claire Godfrey and Matthew Stillwell. Sections 2, 3 and 4 are summaries of papers produced independently for WWF International, Oxfam-UK and the Community Nutrition Institute, and reflect the opinions of those organisations, respectively.

    Opinions expressed elsewhere in the paper do not necessarily reflect the views of those organisations.

    The authors of this paper are grateful to all those who have contributed analysis or comment to the text that appears here.

    Paper edited by: Charles Arden-Clarke

    Desk-topping: Delwyn Dupuis

    Other relevant publications:
    The Final Report of WTO Shrimp-Turtle Panel: WWF's Response,
    WWF International Legal Briefing, May 1998
    A Future for Caribbean Bananas: the Importance of Europe's
    Banana Market to the Caribbean, Oxfam-UK, March 1998
    The WTO Panel Decision on EU-US Beef Hormone Dispute,
    Community Nutrition Institute, September 1997

    For further information please contact:
    Charles Arden-Clarke
    WWF International
    Ave Mt Blanc
    1196 Gland, Switzerland
    Tel: 41 22 364 9337
    Fax: 41 22 364 8219
    Email: caclarke@wwfnet.org

    or the authors listed at the end of the paper.

    Authors

    CIEL
    Mathew Stilwell
    Center for International Environmental Law
    Boite Postale 21
    160a Rte de Florissant
    1231 Conches
    Switzerland
    Tel/Fax: +41 22 789 07 38
    Email: cielms@igc.org

    CNI
    Jake Caldwell
    Community Nutrition Institute
    Suite 413
    910 17th St., NW,
    Washington DC 20006
    USA
    Tel: +1 202 776 0595
    Fax: +1 202 776 0599
    Email: cnitrade@igc.org

    OXFAM
    Clare Godfrey
    OXFAM
    274 Banbury Road
    Oxford OX2 7DZ
    UK
    Tel: +44 1865 312 328
    Fax: +44 1865 312 417
    Email:cgodfrey@oxfam.org.uk

    WWF International
    Charles Arden-Clarke
    WWF International
    Ave Mt Blanc
    1196 Gland
    Switzerland
    Tel: +41 22 364 9337
    Fax: +41 22 364 8219
    Email: caclarke@wwfnet.org