ISSN: 1052-5378qm9432
AWIC

Transport and Handling of Livestock and Poultry

Provided by the Animal Welfare Information Center
United States Department of Agriculture
National Agricultural Library

January 1984 - January 1994

United States Department of Agriculture

National Agricultural Library
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QB 94-32
Quick Bibliography Series Bibliographies in the Quick Bibliography Series of the National Agricultural Library, are intended primarily for current awareness, and as the title of the series implies, are not indepth exhaustive bibliographies on any given subject. However, the citations are a substantial resource for recent investigations on a given topic. They also serve the purpose of bringing the literature of agriculture to the interested user who, in many cases, could not access it by any other means. The bibliographies are derived from computerized on-line searches of the AGRICOLA data base. Timeliness of topic and evidence of extensive interest are the selection criteria.

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Quick Bibliography Series: QB 94-32
Updates QB 92-57

308 citations from AGRICOLA

D'Anna Berry
Animal Welfare Information Center

May 1994 National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record:
Berry, D'Anna
Transport and handling of livestock and poultry.
(Quick bibliography series ; 94-32)
1. Livestock--Transportation--Bibliography. 2. Livestock--Handling--
Bibliography. 3. Poultry--Transportation--Bibliography. 4. Poultry--Handling-- Bibliography. I. Title.
aZ5071.N3 no.94-32

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AGRICOLA

Citations in this bibliography were entered in the AGRICOLA database between January 1979 and the present.

SAMPLE CITATIONS

Citations in this bibliography are from the National Agricultural Library's
AGRICOLA database.  An explanation of sample journal article, book, and
audiovisual citations appears below.

JOURNAL ARTICLE: 
  Citation #                                     NAL Call No.
  Article title.
  Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher.  Journal Title.
  Date.  Volume (Issue).  Pages.  (NAL Call Number).

Example:   1                             NAL Call No.:  DNAL 389.8.SCH6
  Morrison, S.B.  Denver, Colo.:  American School Food Service
  Association.  School foodservice journal.  Sept 1987. v. 41
  (8). p.48-50. ill.

BOOK: 
  Citation #                                   NAL Call Number
  Title.
  Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher, date. Information
  on pagination, indices, or bibliographies.

Example:   1                        NAL Call No.:  DNAL RM218.K36 1987
  Exploring careers in dietetics and nutrition.
  Kane, June Kozak.  New York:  Rosen Pub. Group, 1987.
  Includes index.  xii, 133 p.: ill.; 22 cm.  Bibliography:      p. 126.

AUDIOVISUAL: 
  Citation #                                  NAL Call Number
  Title.
  Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher, date.
  Supplemental information such as funding.  Media format
  (i.e., videocassette):  Description (sound, color, size).

Example:   1                    NAL Call No.: DNAL FNCTX364.A425 F&N AV
  All aboard the nutri-train.
  Mayo, Cynthia.  Richmond, Va.:  Richmond Public Schools,  1981.  NET funded. 
Activity packet prepared by Cynthia
  Mayo.  1 videocassette (30 min.): sd., col.; 3/4 in. +
  activity packet.
Transport and Handling of Livestock and Poultry
January 1984 - January 1994

SEARCH STRATEGY


Set     Items   Description
===     =====   ============

S1      45288   HEN OR HENS OR FOWL? OR POULT? OR CHICK? OR ROOSTER? OR FRYER?
                OR BROILER?
S2       8737   GALLIFORM? OR TURKEY? OR DUCK? OR GOOSE?? OR GEESE OR
                ANSERIFORM?
S3      50334   (S1 OR S2) NOT GL=TURKEY
S4      92812   CATTLE OR BOVIN? OR BOVID? OR BOS OR COW?? OR BULL?? OR STEER??
                OR HEIFER OR CALF OR CALVE? OR OX OR OXEN OR BISON? OR          
                  BUFFALO?
S5      42773   SWINE OR PIG?? OR PIGLET? OR SOW?? OR BARROW? OR GILT? OR
                PORCIN? OR BOARS OBOAR OR HOG??
S6      36904   SHEEP? OR OVIN? OR OVID? OR EWE?? OR RAM?? OR LAMB?? OR WETHER?
                OR GAOT?? OR HOGGET?
S7      237545  S3 OR S4 OR S5 OR S6 OR LIVESTOCK OR FARM(N)ANIMAL??
S8        2676  S7 AND (TRANSPORT OR TRANSPORTATION OR HANDL? OR TRUCK? OR
                SHIP? OR LIVESTOCK(N)TRANSPORTER?)
S9         712  S8 AND SH=(2505 OR 2515 OR L000 OR L100 OR L800 OR L810 OR L840
                OR L841)
S10        244  S9 AND PY=1985:1990
S11        101  S9 AND PY=1991:1994
S12        345  S10 OR S11
S13        288  S9 AND PY=1984:1990
S14        389  S11 OR S13
S15        385  RD (unique items)



                    Transport and Handling of Livestock and Poultry



1                                         NAL Call. No.: 20 V82

Procedure of calculation of material and technical base of milk, cattle and
poultry sale with centralized transportation by the industry (purchaser)
Bezzub, V.M.
Kyiv : Derzh, vid-vo sil'hosn; 1984 Aug.
Visnyk sil's'kohospodars'koi nauky (8): p. 33-38; 1984 Aug.

Language:  Ukrainian

Descriptors: Ukrainian ssr; Milk; Cattle; Poultry; Sales; Transport;
Calculation


2                                         NAL Call. No.: 20 V82

Main procedural regulations of determining quantitative and qualitative losses
of poultry products in the process of their production, storage, transportation
and sale
Lysets'kyi, A.S.; Bezzub, V.M.; Luk'ianov, V.O.; Breslavets', V.O.; Holovko,
T.M.; Pelipei, T.P.
Kyiv : Derzh, vid-vo sil'hosn; 1984 Aug.
Visnyk sil's'kohospodars'koi nauky (8): p. 27-32; 1984 Aug.

Language:  Ukrainian

Descriptors: Ukrainian ssr; Poultry farming; Animal products; Storage losses;
Handling losses; Loss prevention


3                                         NAL Call. No.: 20 V82

Main proced: 101 AL1A

The effect of pre-weaning handling and post-weaning mixing on the incidence of
osteochondrosis in pigs.
Walker, B.; Aherne, F.X.
Edmonton : The Faculty; 1987.
Agriculture & forestry bulletin - Alberta University. Faculty of Extension
(special issue): p. 20-22; 1987.  Paper presented at the 66th Annual Feeders'
Day Report, June 12, 1987, University of Alberta, Canada.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Osteochondritis; Handling; Stress; Leg weakness


79                                    NAL Call. No.: 47.8 AM33P

The effect of taurine transport antagonists on cardiac taurine concentration
and the incidence of Sudden Death Syndrome in male broiler chickens.
Jacob, J.P.; Blair, R.; Hart, L.E.; Gardiner, E.E.
Champaign, Ill. : Poultry Science Association; 1991 Mar.
Poultry science v. 70 (3): p. 561-567; 1991 Mar.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Broilers; Chicks; Male animals; Taurine; Myocardium; Mortality;
Etiology; Amino acid antagonists; Guanidines; Alanine; Broiler
performance; Age differences

Abstract:  Two experiments were conducted in which 540 day-old male broiler
chickens were raised in heated battery brooders to 4 wk of age. Diets contained
taurine antagonists to test effects on cardiac taurine content and the
incidence of Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS). In Experiment 1 treatments during
Weeks 2 to 4 were A) basal diet; B) basal diet supplemented with .25%
guanidinoethyl sulfonate (GES) in Weeks 2 and 1.5% GES in Weeks 3 and 4; and C)
basal diet supplemented with.5% GES in Weeks 2 to 4. The taurine content of
heart was significantly reduced (P<.05) with GES supplementation, but no
effects on SDS mortality rates were noted. In Experiment 2 birds received diets
containing 0.2.5, or 5% beta-alanine. Supplementation with this compound
decreased cardiac taurine concentration to extremely low levels (P<.05). No
significant effects on SDS mortality rates were noted. The results are
interpreted as suggesting that taurine does not play a major role in the
etiology of SDS.


80                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Effect of the angle of slope on the ease with which pigs negotiate loading
ramps.
Warriss, P.D.; Bevis, E.A.; Edwards, J.E.; Brown, S.N.; Knowles, T.G.
London : The Association; 1991 May04.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary Association v. 128
(18): p. 419-421; 1991 May04.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Transport of animals; Slopes; Chutes; Spacing


81                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 C163

The effect of the stress of weaning and transport on white blood cell patterns
and fibrinogen concentration of beef calves of different genotypes.
Phillips, W.A.; Juniewicz, P.E.; Zavy, M.T.; Von Tungeln, D.L.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1989 Jun.
Canadian journal of animal science v. 69 (2): p. 333-340; 1989 Jun. Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Beef cattle; Zebu cattle; Genotypes; Stress; Weaning;
Transport of animals; Leukocytes; Fibrinogen


82                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A

Effect of transport loading or noise on blood biochemical variables in calves.
Agnes, F.; Sartorelli, P.; Abdi, B.H.; Locatelli, A.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1990 Oct.
American journal of veterinary research v. 51 (10): p. 1679-1681; 1990 Oct.
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Blood chemistry; Transport of animals; Stress; Loading;
Noise; Epinephrine; Hydrocortisone; Fatty acids

Abstract:  The influence of 2 transport stressors (loading and noise) on
several serum and plasma biochemical variables was studied in 4 calves. When
calves were loaded and kept for 30 minutes on a motionless transport simulator
or were exposed to the noise of the working simulator, increases in plasma
epinephrine and serum cortisol and nonesterified fatty acids concentrations
were similar to changes observed in calves subjected to simulated transport for
30 minutes. Results indicate that loading and noise have an important role
in transport stress.


83                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A

Effect of transport on feeder calves.
Cole, N.A.; Camp, T.H.; Rowe, L.D. Jr; Stevens, D.G.; Hutcheson, D.P.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1988 Feb. American
journal of veterinary research v. 49 (2): p. 178-183; 1988 Feb. Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Transport of animals; Weight losses; Animal health;
Fattening performance; Hematology; Blood chemistry; Stress; Fasting; Water
deprivation


84                                     NAL Call. No.: 448.8 V81

Effect of tunicamycin and monensin on biosynthesis, transport, and maturation
of bovine herpesvirus type-1 glycoproteins.
Van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk, S.; Babiuk, L.A.
New York, N.Y. : Academic Press; 1985 May.
Virology v. 143 (1): p. 104-118. ill; 1985 May.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Bovine herpes virus; Glycoproteins; Maturation; Monensin;
Biosynthesis; Antibiotics


85                               NAL Call. No.: HV4704.A54 1986

The effect of vehicle design on the welfare of animals in transit.
Sains, A.G.
London : BVA Animal Welfare Foundation, [1986?]; 1986.
The proceedings of the Animal Welfare Foundation's Third Symposium : entitled
The welfare of animals in transit, held on 19 November 1986 / edited by T.E.
Gibson ; assist editor, D.A. Paterson ; secretary, Gill McConville. p. 7-15;
1986. (Symposia series ; 1).  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: United  Kingdom; Livestock transporters; Design; Loading;
Unloading; Stress; Injuries; Mortality; Animal welfare


86                                    NAL Call. No.: SF207.B442

Effects of 0, 48 or 72 hours of feed and water deprivation and trucking stress
on rumen characteristics and bacterial numbers in newly weaned steers.
Fluharty, F.L.; Loerch, S.C.; Redman, D.R.
Wooster, Ohio : The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural
Research and Development Center; 1992 Mar. Ohio beef cattle research & industry
report (92-1): p. 74-84; 1992 Mar. Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Ohio; Beef cattle; Calves; Postweaning interval; Food
deprivation; Transport of animals; Stress; Rumen bacteria; Rumen
digestion


87                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Effects of abattoir and slaughter handling systems on stress indicators in pig
blood.
Weeding, C.M.; Hunter, E.J.; Guise, H.J.; Penny, R.H.C.
London : The Association; 1993 Jul03.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary Association v. 133
(1): p. 10-13; 1993 Jul03.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Stress; Slaughter


88                                        NAL Call. No.: 49 J82

Effects of antemortem treatment and transport on slaughter characteristics of
fryer rabbits.
Coppings, R.J.; Ekhator, N.; Ghodrati, A.
Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1989 Apr.
Journal of animal science v. 67 (4): p. 872-880; 1989 Apr. Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Rabbits; Fasting; Transport of animals; Slaughter; Carcass yield;
Weight losses


89                                      NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AV5

Effects of ascorbic acid on stress and disease in chickens.
Gross, W.B.
Kennett Square, Pa. : American Association of Avian Pathologists; 1992 Jul.
Avian diseases v. 36 (3): p. 688-692; 1992 Jul.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Fowls; Ascorbic acid; Stress; Fowl diseases; Disease resistance;
Furaltadone; Neutrophils; Lymphocytes; Corticotropin; Feed conversion
efficiency; Newcastle disease virus; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Escherichia coli

Abstract:  White Leghorn chickens were given feed containing 100 mg of ascorbic
acid (AA)/kg. One day later, treated chickens and a similar group of
unmedicated control chickens were chilled for 1 hour at 6 C, exposed to an
unusual sound, fasted, or subjected to rough handling. Heterophil:lymphocytes
(H:L) ratios were determined one day later. The AA-treated birds had
significantly lower H:L ratios than untreated controls. Chickens that received
a diet containing AA had lower H:L ratios than controls (0.86 vs. 1.65)
following administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone. Chickens fed a diet
containing AA showed increased resistance to a combined Newcastle disease
virus-Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection and to a secondary Escherichia coli
infection, as well as to a primary E. coli challenge infection. The effects of
AA and an antibacterial drug (furaltadone) were additive. In all experiments,
the optimum dose of AA was 100 mg/kg of feed. There was a negative correlation
between AA level in the diet and feed efficiency.


90                                      NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

The effects of aversively handling pigs, either individually or in groups, on
their behaviour, growth and corticosteroids.
Hemsworth, P.H.; Barnett, J.L.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1991 Apr.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 30 (1/2): p. 61-72; 1991 Apr.
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Gilts; Treatment; Handling; Stress; Animal behavior; Growth;
Reproductive performance; Corticoids; Groups; Individuals


91                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 R312

Effects of castration on behaviour and plasma cortisol concentrations in young
lambs, kids and calves.
Mellor, D.J.; Molony, V.; Robertson, I.S.
London : British Veterinary Association; 1991 Sep.
Research in veterinary science v. 51 (2): p. 149-154; 1991 Sep. Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Lambs; Kids; Calves; Castration; Hydrocortisone; Blood sampling;
Handling; Stress; Corticotropin; Species differences; Adrenal glands; Pituitary

Abstract:  Behavioural and cortisol responses to the husbandry practice of
castration with tight rubber rings were investigated in lambs and kids one day
after birth and in hand reared calves aged one to seven days. There were three
treatments: control handling and blood sampling, castration and, in lambs and
kids only, intravenous adrenocorticotrophin injection (ACTH). The integrated
cortisol responses (area under the cortisol curve) in lambs and kids were least
in control, intermediate in castrated and greatest in ACTH animals. No cortisol
responses were detected in control or castrated calves. The incidences of
behaviour used to assess the intensity of distress apparently experienced in
the different species corresponded generally with the magnitudes of the
cortisol responses. Behavioural and cortisol responses together suggested that
the distress caused by castration was greatest in lambs, intermediate in kids
and least but not necessarily absent in hand reared calves.


92                                      NAL Call. No.: TX373.M4

The effects of castration, preslaughter stress and zeranol implants on beef. 1.
The texture of loin steaks from bovine males.
Jeremiah, L.E.; Newman, J.A.; Tong, A.K.W.; Gibson, L.L.
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1988.
Meat science v. 22 (2): p. 83-101; 1988.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Bovidae; Male animals; Castration; Zeranol; Transport; Stress;
Steaks; Texture


93                                      NAL Call. No.: TX373.M4

The effects of castration, preslaughter stress and zeranol implants on beef. 2.
Cooking properties and flavor of loin steaks from bovine males.
Jeremiah, L.E.; Newman, J.A.; Tong, A.K.W.; Gibson, L.L.
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1988.
Meat science v. 22 (2): p. 103-121; 1988.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Bovidae; Male animals; Castration; Zeranol; Transport; Stress;
Steaks; Cooking; Flavors


94                                      NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Effects of differential handling on the behaviour of domestic ewes (Ovis
aries).
Mateo, J.M.; Estep, D.Q.; McCann, J.S.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1991 Oct. Applied animal
behaviour science v. 32 (1): p. 45-54; 1991 Oct. Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Lambs; Handling; Animal behavior


95                                     NAL Call. No.: 44.8 J822

Effects of handling, administration of a local anesthetic, and electrical
dehorning on plasma cortisol in Holstein calves.
Boandl, K.E.; Wohlt, J.E.; Carsia, R.V.
Champaign, Ill. : American Dairy Science Association; 1989 Aug.
Journal of dairy science v. 72 (8): p. 2193-2197; 1989 Aug. Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Holstein-friesian; Handling; Anesthesia; Polling;
Electricity; Blood plasma; Cortisol


96                                      NAL Call. No.: 47.8 W89

Effects of handling and transport on laying hens.
Broom, D.M.
London : Butterworth; 1990 Mar.
World's poultry science journal v. 46 (1): p. 48-50; 1990 Mar. Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Hens; Animal welfare; Transport of animals; Handling


97                                      NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Effects of handling and transportation on the heart rate and behaviour of
sheep.
Baldock, N.M.; Sibly, R.M.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 15-39; 1990 Nov. In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by Graham Perry.
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Transport of animals; Stress; Isolation; Heart rate; Animal
welfare; Handling


98                                      NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

The effects of handling procedures, breed differences and treatment with
lithium and dexamethasone on some blood parameters in sheep.
Fenwick, D.C.; Green, D.J.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.; 1986 Aug.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 16 (1): p. 39-47; 1986 Aug.
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Ewes; Sheep breeds; Border leicester; Lithium; Dexamethasone;
Hematocrit; Blood plasma; Erythrocytes; Sodium; Potassium; Calcium;
Hypocalcemia


99                                      NAL Call. No.: TP368.I7

The effects of handling, transport, slaughter and chilling on meat quality and
yield in pigs--a review.
Tarrant, P.V.
Dublin : Teagasc; 1989. Irish journal of food science and technology v. 13 (2):
p. 79-107; 1989. Literature review.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Ireland; Pigs; Handling; Transport; Slaughter; Chilling; Meat
yield; Food quality


100                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 R312

Effects of local anaesthesia and intravenous naloxone on the changes in
behaviour and plasma concentrations of cortisol produced by castration and tail
docking with tight rubber rings in young lambs.
Wood, G.N.; Molony, V.; Fleetwood-Walker, S.M.; Hodgson, J.C.; Mellor, D.J.
London : British Veterinary Association; 1991 Sep.
Research in veterinary science v. 51 (2): p. 193-199; 1991 Sep. Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Lambs; Castration; Docking; Hydrocortisone; Lidocaine; Naloxone;
Behavior change; Blood plasma; Pain; Local anesthesia

Abstract:  The reliability of some behavioural and physiological indices used
for the recognition and assessment of acute pain in lambs after castration and
tail docking has been examined. Changes in the indices were measured after
blocking neural activity with local anaesthetic (lignocaine) and after an
opioid antagonist (naloxone) was administered. Six lambs, aged less than one
week, were allocated randomly to each of six treatments. (i) control handling
and blood sampling; (ii) castration plus tail docking with tight rubber rings;
(iii) local anaesthesia; (iv) local anaesthesia followed by castration and tail
docking; (v) intravenous naloxone only (0.2 mg kg-1); and (vi) intravenous
naloxone followed by castration and tail docking. Local anaesthesia eliminated
the behavioural and plasma cortisol changes which usually follow castration and
tail docking. Naloxone had a limited effect on the increase in cortisol but
altered the behaviour. The results support the view that such indices are
useful for assessment of the response to acute pain and that, although
endogenous opioids do reduce pain in young lambs after castration and tail
docking, the effect is small.


101                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A

Effects of marketing stress on fecal excretion of Salmonella spp in feeder
calves.
Corrier, D.E.; Purdy, C.W.; DeLoach, J.R.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1990
Jun. American journal of veterinary research v. 51 (6): p. 866-869; 1990 Jun.
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Tennessee; Calves; Salmonella; Salmonellosis; Feces; Transport of
animals; Stress; Drug resistance; Antiinfective agents

Abstract:  Fecal samples were collected from 200 feeder-calves on farms in
Tennessee, after assembly at a Tennessee auction market, and after transport to
a Texas feedyard. A final fecal sample was collected from each calf after 30
days of feedyard confinement. The fecal samples were cultured for the presence
of Salmonella spp. Salmonella isolates were serotyped and antimicrobial drug-
resistance patterns determined. The number of calves fecal culture-positive for
Salmonella spp increased from 0 on the Tennessee farms and auction market to
3/200 (1.5%) at entry into the Texas feedyard, and 16/200 (8%) after 30 days of
feedyard confinement. Salmonella serotypes isolated and the number of isolates
of each serotype were S reading (8), S cerro (4), S newbrunswick (3), S anatum
(2), and S typhimurium (copenhagen; 2). All Salmonella isolates were resistant
to 5 or more of 13 antimicrobial drugs tested. Salmonella reading isolates were
resistant to 10 or 11 of 13 antimicrobial drugs. The results indicated that the
calves could have been infected with Salmonella spp prior to or during the
course of the study, and that marketing stress as they moved from farm through
feedyard may have induced fecal excretion of salmonellae. In addition, the
pattern of antimicrobial drug resistance in the Salmonella isolates was broad.


102                                  NAL Call. No.: 442.8 J8222

Effects of naloxone on the oestradiol-induced LH surge and cortisol release in
transported cows.
Nanda, A.S.; Ward, W.R.; Dobson, H.
Colchester : The Journal; 1989 Nov.
Journal of reproduction and fertility v. 87 (2): p. 803-807; 1989 Nov. Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cows; Transport of animals; Neurotropic drugs; Estradiol; Lh;
Cortisol; Hormone secretion


103                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 J82

Effects of preconditioning on pre- and post-shipment performance of feeder
calves.
Pritchard, R.H.; Mendez, J.K.
Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1990 Jan.
Journal of animal science v. 68 (1): p. 28-34; 1990 Jan.  This record corrects
ID No. 90013323 which was incorrectly entered as issue 19. Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Beef cattle; Adaptation; Conditioning; Transport of
animals; Feedlots; Weight losses; Fattening performance; Beef production


104                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

The effects of restraint, handling, simulated and real transport in the pig
(with reference to man and other species).
Stephens, D.B.; Perry, G.C.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 41-55; 1990 Nov. In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by Graham Perry.
Literature review.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Restraint of animals; Handling; Transport of animals;
Vibration; Noise; Fearfulness; Cardiovascular system; Animal welfare; Feed
intake


105                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V643

The effects of road transportation on peripheral blood lymphocyte
subpopulations, lymphocyte blastogenesis and neutrophil function in calves.
Murata, H.; Takahashi, H.; Matsumoto, H.
London : Bailliere Tindall; 1987 Mar.
British veterinary journal v. 143 (2): p. 166-174; 1987 Mar.
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Road transport; Lymphocytes; Neutrophils; Leukocyte count;
Immune response; Cortisol; Stress


106                                     NAL Call. No.: SF961.A5

The effects of stress on the immunology of the stocker calf.
Von Tungeln, D.L.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Association; 1985, reprinted 1986.
Proceedings ... annual convention - American Association of Bovine
Practitioners 1986). (18th): p. 109-112; 1985, reprinted 1986. Includes 18
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Beef cattle; Calves; Stress; Immunology; Environment; Transport;
Hematology; Metabolism; Cortisol; Glucocorticoids


107                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 C163

The effects of the stress of weaning and transit on performance and metabolic
profile of beef calves of different genotypes.
Phillips, W.A.; Juniewicz, P.E.; Zavy, M.T.; Von Tungeln, D.L.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1987 Dec.
Canadian journal of animal science v. 67 (4): p. 991-999; 1987 Dec.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Beef cattle; Calves; Genotypes; Weaning; Stress; Transport of
animals; Body weight; Metabolism


108                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 C163

Effects of transport and electrolyte supplementation on ion
concentrations, carcass yield and quality in bulls.
Schaefer, A.L.; Jones, S.D.M.; Tong, A.K.W.; Young, B.A.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1990 Mar.
Canadian journal of animal science v. 70 (1): p. 107-119; 1990 Mar.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Beef bulls; Electrolytes retention; Electrolytes; Ions;
Supplementary feeding; Transport of animals; Stress; Beef quality; Carcass
yield


109                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 C163

Effects of transport stress and electrolyte supplementation on body
fluids and
weights of bulls.
Gortel, K.; Schaefer, A.L.; Young, B.A.; Kawamoto, S.C.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1992 Sep.
Canadian journal of animal science v. 72 (3): p. 547-553; 1992 Sep.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Bulls; Transport of animals; Road transport; Stress; Electrolytes;
Drinking water; Body fluids; Liveweight; Carcass yield; Rumen


110                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V643

Effects of xylazine on the stress response to transport in male
goats.
Sanhouri, A.A.; Jones, R.S.; Dobson, H.
London : Bailliere Tindall; 1992 Mar.
British veterinary journal v. 148 (2): p. 119-128; 1992 Mar.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Goats; Xylazine; Stress; Transport of animals; Road transport;
Hydrocortisone; Blood plasma; Blood sugar; Respiration rate; Heart rate; Timing

Abstract:  A 20-min van journey increased plasma cortisol concentrations to
15-15 ng/ml in male goats, blood glucose concentrations were not affected, but
respiratory rates and heart rates were increased, the latter by 40 beats per
min. A 2-h van journey increased plasma cortisol to > 25 ng/ml and blood
glucose to > 5 mmol/l. Respiratory rates were increased to > 40 breaths per min
and heart rates by > 100 beats per min. Xylazine alone (0.01 mg/kg) suppressed
resting plasma cortisol concentrations, increased blood glucose concentrations
to 4.5 +/- 0.8 mmol/l and suppressed respiratory rates by 5-10 breaths per min
and heart rates by 20 beats per min. Cortisol concentrations were suppressed by
xylazine treatment if given before a 20-min van journey, and for approximately
60 min if given 20 min after the start of a 2-h journey. When combined with
transport, xylazine caused an additive effect on glucose concentrations, but
suppressed respiratory and heart rates. However, for the latter criteria and
the timing of suppression was different depending on the time of onset and
duration of the stressor. Injection of 50 micrograms ovine corticotrophin
releasing factor (CRF) caused an immediate elevation of cortisol concentrations
(but not glucose) which lasted for at least 6 H compared with the return to
baseline within 60 min after either length of journey. Xylazine pretreatment
did not alter the cortisol response to CRF, suggesting that xylazine must act
centrally above pituitary level when blocking the cortisol response to
transport. It is proposed that under resting conditions the hypothalamus is
under alpha2-adrenergic suppression. Stimulation of cortisol secretion in
response to a stressor can be inhibited by an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist.


111                                   NAL Call. No.: 41.8 R3224

Efficacy of a Pasteurella haemolytica vaccine/bacterial extract in
the
prevention of bovine respiratory disease in recently shipped
feedlot calves.
Bateman, K.G.
Ottawa : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association; 1988 Oct.
The Canadian veterinary journal v. 29 (9,i.e.10): p. 838-839; 1988
Oct.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Respiratory diseases; Pasteurella haemolytica; Vaccines;
Vaccination; Feedlots; Disease prevention


112                               NAL Call. No.: SF490.S76 1986

Egg production practices., 3rd ed.
Stadelman, W.J.; Swanson, M.H.
London : Macmillan; 1986.
Egg science and technology / edited by William J. Stadelman, Owen
Cotterill.
p. 11-36. ill; 1986.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: U.S.A.; Hens; Egg production; Replacement; Poultry housing;
Equipment; Hen feeding; Animal health; Eggs; Handling; Processing


113                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 J82

Electro-immobilization versus mechanical restraint in an
avoid-avoid choice
test for ewes.
Grandin, T.; Curtis, S.E.; Widowski, T.M.; Thurmon, J.C.
Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1986 Jun.
Journal of animal science v. 62 (6): p. 1469-1480. maps; 1986 Jun.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Ewes; Immobilization; Electrical treatment; Mechanical handling;
Restraint of animals; Animal behavior


114                             NAL Call. No.: SF510.5.M55 1992

The emu farmer's handbook.
Minnaar, Phillip; Minnaar, Maria
Groveton, Tex. (Star Rt. 2, Box 8B, Groveton 75845) : Induna Co.,; 1992.
vii, 178 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm.  Includes bibliographical
references
(p. 178).

Language:  English

Descriptors: Emu farming


115                                  NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32P

Environment and genetic effect on hog handling.
Grandin, T.
St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1989.
Paper - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (89-4514): 7 p.; 1989.
Paper presented at the 1989 International Winter Meeting, December
12-15, 1989, New Orleans, Louisiana.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Pig housing; Environment; Animal husbandry; Genetic
effects; Animal behavior


116                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AU72

An epidemiological study of sheep deaths before and during export
by sea from
Western Australia.
Norris, R.T.; Richards, R.B.; Dunlop, R.H.
Brunswick, Victoria : Australian Veterinary Association; 1989 Sep.
Australian veterinary journal v. 66 (9): p. 276-279; 1989 Sep.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Western australia; Sheep; Death; Mortality; Sea transport; Road
transport; Exports; Epidemiology; Pelleted feeds; Feedlots


117                              NAL Call. No.: HV4704.A54 1984

EVA Animal Welfare Foundation Symposium--priorities in animal
welfare: summary
and conclusions.
Tandy, J. (comp.); Oliver, D.F. (comp.)
London : BVA Animal Welfare Foundation, [1984?]; 1984.
Priorities in animal welfare : the proceedings of the Animal
Welfare
Foundation's first symposium, held on 20 November 1984 / edited by
Liz
Bagnall. p. 108-116; 1984. (Symposia series 1).

Language:  English

Descriptors: United  Kingdom; Livestock; Poultry; Laboratory animals; Animal
welfare; Education; Animal research; Transport of animals; Legislation


118                                    NAL Call. No.: SF601.C66

Evaluating beef cattle operations for stress-management procedures.
Nash, D.; Pollreisz, J.P.
Lawrenceville, N.J. : Veterinary Learning Systems Company; 1988
Aug.
The Compendium on continuing education for the practicing
veterinarian v. 10
(8): p. 971-972, 974-976; 1988 Aug.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Beef cattle; Stress; Management; Environment; Transport; Nutrition
programs; Beef production


119                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Excellence in the transportation of livestock--Canadian
developments.
Blommers, H.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1985 Mar18.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (11th): p. 9-10; 1985 Mar18.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Canada; Livestock; Transport of animals; Animal health;
Inspection; Marketing


120                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 J82

Factors affecting in-transport shrink and liver abscesses in fed
steers.
Harman, B.R.; Brinkman, M.H.; Hoffman, M.P.; Self, H.L.
Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1989 Feb.
Journal of animal science v. 67 (2): p. 311-317; 1989 Feb.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Steers; Liveweight; Weight losses; Liver abscess; Transport of
animals; Seasonal fluctuations; Cattle housing; Weight gain


121                              NAL Call. No.: HV4733.F37 1984

Farm animal abuses during transportation.
Humane Society of the United States
Washington DC : Humane Society of the United States,; 1984.
2 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Fact sheet).  Caption title.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Animal welfare


122                            NAL Call. No.: KF27.A33277 1990e

Farm Animal and Research Facilities Protection Act of 1989 hearing
before the
Subcommittee on Department Operations, Research, and Foreign
Agriculture and
the Subcommittee on Forests, Family Farms, and Energy of the
Committee on
Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second
session, on H.R. 3270, July 17, 1990.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture.
Subcommittee on
Department Operations, Research, and Foreign Agriculture
Washington [D.C.] : U.S. G.P.O. : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., Congressional
Sales Office, U.S. G.P.O.,; 1991; Y 4.Ag 8/1:101-62.
vii, 306 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.  Distributed to some depository
libraries in
microfiche.  Shipping list no.: 91-206-P.  Serial no. 101-62.
Includes bibliographical references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Domestic animals; Animal welfare; Animal experimentation


123                              NAL Call. No.: HV4764.U54 1992

Farm Animal and Research Facilities Protection Act of 1992 report
(to
accompany H.R. 2407).
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture
Washington : D.C.? : U.S. G.P.O., 1992-; 1992-9999; Y
1.1/8:102-498/pt.1-.
v. ; 24 cm. (Rept. / 102d Congress, 2d session, House of
Representatives ; 102-498).  Caption title.  Distributed to some depository
libraries
in
microfiche.  Shipping list no.: 92-0399-P (pt. 1).  "April 9, 1992"--Pt. 1.
Includes bibliographical references.

Language:  English; English

Descriptors: Animal rights activists; Fines (Penalties); Laboratory animals;
Domestic animals; Laboratories


124                               NAL Call. No.: SF197.F37 1991

Farm cattle handling.
Australia, Standing Committee on Agriculture
East Melbourne, Vic., Australia? : CSIRO : Available from CSIRO
Publications,; 1991.
95 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. (SCA report ; no. 35).  Includes bibliographical
references (p. 95).

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Cattle pens


125                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Fear levels in laying hens carried by hand and by mechanical
conveyors.
Scott, G.B.; Moran, P.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1993 May.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 36 (4): p. 337-345; 1993 May.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Hens; Fearfulness; Handling


126                                     NAL Call. No.: 100 L935

Feasibility of specialized for-hire cattle handling crews.
Schupp, A.; Riechers, R.
Baton Rouge, La. : The Station; 1987 Sep.
D.A.E. research report - Department of Agricultural Economics and
Agribusiness, Louisiana State University, Louisiana Agricultural
Experiment
Station (676): 24 p. maps; 1987 Sep.  Includes statistical data.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Louisiana; Dairy cattle; Beef cattle; Veterinary services;
Feasibility studies; Hired labor; Fees; Cost benefit analysis; Operating costs


127                               NAL Call. No.: Graphic no.287

Feeder pigs, official U.S. grades..  Feeder pigs, official US
grades
United States, Agricultural Marketing Service, Livestock & Seed
Division
Washington, DC : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing
Service, Livestock and Seed Division,; 1988; A 88.38:F 32.
1 poster : col. ; 97 x 54 cm.  Shipping list no.: 89-510-P.  August
1988.

Language:  English; English

Descriptors: Swine


128                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1234

First steps moving toward sustainability : livestock management
(hogs)..
First steps; moving toward sustainability Livestock management
(hogs)
Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service
Ames, Iowa? : Extension, [1990?]; 1990.
1 videocassette (28 min.) : sd., col. ; 3/4 in.  Program was
prepared with the
support of USDA Agreement 88-COOP-1-3523.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Swine; Swine farrowing facilities; Manure handling; Sustainable
agriculture

Abstract:  Presents three hog producers who have made changes in their
production methods, based on sustainable agricultural decisions involving
productivity, high volume, and environmental concerns and effects. The changes
range from a totally pasture farrowing and finishing process to a drug-free
finishing process to having hogs pastured on a corn stubble field to provide
manure to the field while they feed off the corn stubble and fallen cobs.


129                                   NAL Call. No.: S542.A1N45

Flock size structure of the New Zealand sheep flock.
Wall, G.L.
Wellington : Department of Scientific and Industrial Research; 1985.
New Zealand journal of experimental agriculture v. 13 (3): p.
241-245; 1985.
Includes 2 references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: New Zealand; Sheep; Flocks; Livestock number; Handling; Farm
surveys; Sheep farming; Statistics; Manpower units


130                                      NAL Call. No.: 23 W52J

Future directions to reduce sheep deaths.
Norris, R.; Richards, B.; Higgs, T.
South Perth : Department of Agriculture, Western Australia; 1990.
Journal of agriculture v. 31 (4): p. 146-148. ill; 1990.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Western australia; Sheep; Sea transport; Animal nutrition;
Exports; Mortality; Salmonellosis; Starvation; Therapy


131                               NAL Call. No.: KF25.E224 1986

The future of the American cattle industry hearing before the
Subcommittee on
Agriculture and Transportation of the Joint Economic Committee, Congress of
the United States, Ninety-ninth Congress, second session, March 31, 1986.
United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on
Agriculture
and Transportation
Washington, [D.C.] : U.S. G.P.O. : For sale by the Supt. of Docs.,
Congressional Sales Office, U.S. G.P.O.,; 1986.
iii, 182 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.. (S. hrg. ; 99-857).  Distributed to
some
depository libraries in microfiche.  Shipping list no.: 86-908-P.
Includes bibliographical references.

Language:  English; English

Descriptors: Cattle trade; United States; Beef industry; United States


132                                     NAL Call. No.: SF191.G4

Good cattle handling facilities--less stress on man and beast alike
(Corrals, chutes and headgates, enclosures for working cattle).
Vogt, J.
Colbert, Ga. : Georgia Cattlemen's Association; June 1984.
Georgia cattleman v. 12 (6): p. 12; June 1984.

Language:  English


133                                     NAL Call. No.: SF191.G4

Good facilities = easy handling (Corral systems, enclosures for
doctoring and
working cattle).
Dobbins, C.N. Jr
Colbert, Ga. : Georgia Cattlemen's Association; June 1984.
Georgia cattleman v. 12 (6): p. 30-31; June 1984.

Language:  English


134                            NAL Call. No.: SF85.4.A9G72 1985

Grazing animal transport and handling--cumulative husbandry in the
export of
livestock.
Meischke, H.R.C.; Brennan, R.G.
Indooroopilly, QLD : Australian Veterinary Association (Queensland
Division); 1985.
Grazing Animal Welfare Symposium : proceedings of a symposium held
at the
Bardon Professional Development Centre, Brisbane, on April 26th and
27th, 1985
/ [editors: Brian L. Moore and Peter J. Chenoweth]. p. 137-144; 1985.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Sheep; Handling; Transport; Exports; Livestock; Animal
husbandry; Animal health; Animal welfare


135                                     NAL Call. No.: SF191.K4

Group handling of dairy cows.
Lane, G.T.; Riddell, D.O.; Olson, K.L.
Lexington, Ky., The Service; 1985 Dec.
ASC - University of Kentucky, Cooperative Extension Service v.): 3
p.; 1985
Dec.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Kentucky; Dairy cows; Milk production; Groups; Handling; Lactation
stage; Loose housing


136                               NAL Call. No.: aSF89.P63 1993

A guide for livestock exporters.
Poerstel, Thomas M.; Craig, W. L.
United States, Agricultural Marketing Service, Transportation and
Marketing
Division
Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Transportation and
Marketing
Division, [1993?]; 1993.
1 v. (loose-leaf) : ill. ; 30 cm.  Cover title.  Loose-leaf for
updating.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf [100]).

Language:  English

Descriptors: Animals; Animals, Air transportation of


137                                     NAL Call. No.: SF191.G4

Handle with care: producers play an important role in overall
issues
management strategy.
Allender, S.
Macon, Ga. : Georgia Cattlemen's Association; 1991 Jul.
Georgia cattleman v. 19 (7): p. 9; 1991 Jul.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Animal welfare; Public relations 

138                                NAL Call. No.: SF89.H85 1991

Handling and loading of livestock.
Humane Slaughter Association (1986-); Agricultural Training Board
Potters Bar, Herts. : Humane Slaughter Association,; 1991.
35 p. : ill. ; 15 x 21 cm.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Animal welfare; Animals


139                                   NAL Call. No.: aS21.R44A7

Handling and transport effects on market hogs--evaluation of weight
losses, physiological changes, and meat quality.
Hahn, G.L.; Mayes, H.F.; Nienaber, J.A.; Becker, B.A.; Anderson, M.E.; Hedrick,
H.B.; Jesse, G.C.; Heymann, J.; Bryan, R.; Ellersieck, M.
Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1989 Jun.
ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
(71-1): p.
73-75; 1989 Jun.  In series analytic: Swine Research Progress
Report No. 3 /
edited by Margie McAlhany.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Nebraska; Missouri; Pigs; Transport of animals; Weight losses;
Road transport; Fasting; Carcass quality


140                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

The handling and transport of broilers and spent hens.
Knowles, T.G.; Broom, D.M.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 75-91; 1990 Nov.
In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by
Graham Perry.
Literature review.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Broilers; Hens; Handling; Transport of animals; Animal welfare


141                                  NAL Call. No.: 275.29 M58B

Handling hogs.
Grandin, T.; Ernst, K.; Ernst, D.; McGlone, J.
East Lansing, Mich. : The Service; 1989 Apr.
Extension bulletin E - Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan
State
University (2183): 4 p. ill; 1989 Apr.  In Subseries: Pork Industry
Handbook.
Management.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Handling


142                                      NAL Call. No.: 1 AG84Y

Handling, housing and sanitation.
Carlson, J.L.
Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1984.
The Yearbook of agriculture. p. 251-258. ill; 1984.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Goats; Livestock housing; Sanitation


143                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1334

Handling livestock naturally Livestock Marketing Association ; produced for
Livestock Marketing Association by AgriBase, Inc. ; producer, Mike
Sweet ; director, Rustin Hamilton.
AgriBase, Inc, Livestock Marketing Association
Kansas City, Mo.? : AgriBase,; 1989.
1 videocassette (15 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Animal welfare

Abstract:  Discusses viewing the world through the animal's eyes when handling
then on the farm, for transport and at markets. Covers how to transport with
gentleness, understanding of the animal's field of vision, point of balance,
flight zone, and blind spot, how to feed and water animals at markets, how to
move animals without hitting, yelling, or electric shock, how to deal with
medical problems, and caring of facilities to reduce injuries.


144                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

The handling of cattle pre-slaughter and its effects on carcass and
meat
quality.
Warriss, P.D.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 171-186; 1990 Nov.
In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by
Graham Perry.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Slaughter; Handling; Carcasses; Beef quality; Transport of
animals; Bruises; Marketing; Dark cutting meat; Animal welfare


145                                     NAL Call. No.: SF191.G4

Handling yearling bulls coming off performance test.
Brown, D.T.
Macon, Ga. : Georgia Cattlemen's Association; 1986 Feb.
Georgia cattleman v. 14 (2): p. 34, 36; 1986 Feb.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Bulls; Reproductive ability


146                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1989

Health care of livestock during transit.
Cruz, V.A.
Lemoore, Calif. : Animal Air Transportation Association Inc., [1989?]; 1989.
15th International Conference, the Animal Air Transportation
Association Inc., April 9-12, 1989, San Antonio, Texas : proceedings. p. 43-44;
1989.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Animal health; Transport of animals; Animal welfare;
Ships


147                                   NAL Call. No.: HM206.A1H8

Herd composition in an Aymara community of the Peruvian Altiplano: a linear
programming problem.
Kuznar, L.A.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 Sep.
Human ecology v. 19 (3): p. 369-387; 1991 Sep.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Peru; Alpacas; Herds; Linear programming; Livestock numbers;
Species; Farm management; Decision analysis; Value systems; Constraints; Social
environment; Traditional society; Rural communities; Animal products; Farmyard
manure; Forage; Labor; Transport; Marginal analysis; Resource allocation;
Mathematical models


148                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1989

Honda cattle shipments.
Houle, F.
Lemoore, Calif. : Animal Air Transportation Association Inc., [1989?]; 1989.
15th International Conference, the Animal Air Transportation
Association Inc., April 9-12, 1989, San Antonio, Texas : proceedings. p. 33-35;
1989.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Transport of animals; Animal welfare; Ships


149                                     NAL Call. No.: SF191.D3

How to handle bulls.
Wilson, M.; Seykora, T.
Minneapolis : Miller Publishing Co; 1986 Aug.
Dairy herd management v. 23 (8): p. 26-27. ill; 1986 Aug.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Dairy bulls; Handling


150                                  NAL Call. No.: HV4764.A3H7

HSUS exposes livestock transportation cruelty.
Humane Society of the United States
Washington, D.C. (2100 L St., N.W., Washington 20037) : Humane
Society of the
United States,; 1984.
[4] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Close-up report).  Caption title.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Animals, Treatment of; United States; Animals; Transportation;
Livestock; United States


151                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Human handling, flock size and responses to an E. coli challenge in
young
chickens.
Collins, J.W.; Siegel, P.B.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.; 1987 Dec.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 19 (1/2): p. 183-188; 1987 Dec.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Chicks; Females; Group size; Flocks; Feed conversion efficiency;
Liveweight gains; Animal welfare; Animal behavior; Escherichia coli; Disease
resistance; Socialization


152                                     NAL Call. No.: 58.8 J82

Human subjective response to lorry vibration: implications for farm
animal
transport.
Randall, J.M.
London : Academic Press; 1992 Aug.
Journal of agricultural engineering research v. 52 (4): p. 295-307; 1992 Aug. 
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Trucks; Drivers; Operator comfort; Vibration; Transport of
animals; Animal welfare

Abstract:  Lorry drivers are exposed to a wide range of mechanical vibrations
and random motions. The seat and sometimes the cab suspensions are designed to
reduce vibration exposure. Nevertheless drivers are often subjected to
considerable discomfort occurring within minutes of starting a journey. The
frequencies and axes of vibration which occur at a driver's seat are often
close to those of maximum discomfort for the human. On a livestock transporter,
the interfaces between the animals and the vehicle are not designed to reduce
vibration and it is possible that animals are subjected to a higher vibration
magnitude than the driver. However, nothing is known of the discomfort or
welfare levels experienced by livestock (e.g. cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry)
during transport as the result of vibration and motion. This paper draws
analogues with subjective evaluations of human comfort and poses a number of
questions which must be addressed by research in order to quantify vibration
dose, animal welfare response relationships. The primary requirement is to
determine to what extent frequency dependent response weightings for the most
important axes of vibration are necessary for each animal species and to
determine how they should be defined. This would enable a comparison to be made
between the experiences of humans and animals.


153                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 J82

Hypothalamic neurotransmitter concentrations and meat quality in
stressed pigs
offered excess dietary tryptophan and tyrosine.
Adeola, O.; Ball, R.O.
Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1992 Jun.
Journal of animal science v. 70 (6): p. 1888-1894; 1992 Jun.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Feed supplements; Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Serotonin;
Catecholamines; Exudative meat; Pigmeat; Hypothalamus; Pig feeding; Stress

Abstract:  Pale, soft, exudative (PSE) pork occurs, for the most part, from
environmental stress on the pig. Amino acid intake may be related to stress
susceptibility through hormone and neurotransmitter induction. Two experiments
were conducted to determine whether supplementation of 5 g of tryptophan (TRP)
or 10 g of tyrosine (TYR) per kilogram of a 14% CP diet would alter the
response of pigs to stress as measured by hypothalamic neurotransmitter
concentrations and incidence of PSE. Twenty-four (Exp. 1) and 36 (Exp. 2) 92-kg
pigs were offered one of three diets: control, TRP-, or TYR-supplemented for 5
d before slaughter. Dietary TRP or TYR supplementation in Exp. 1. doubled (P <
.05) plasma TRP and TYR concentrations, respectively, and increased (P < .05)
5-hydroxytryptamine, dihydroxyphenyl ethylamine, dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid,
and homovanillic acid concentrations in the hypothalamus. Pigs that exhibited
stress at slaughter had lower (P < .05) hypothalamic concentrations of
epinephrine, norepinephrine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine. In Exp. 2, pigs were
trucked 55 km to a commercial meat packing facility and slaughtered without a
rest period. This handling procedure was designed to invoke a high incidence of
PSE pork and thus be a strong test of treatments. Supplemental dietary amino
acids seemed to alter the frequency distribution of the severity of PSE pork.
These data indicate that dietary manipulation of amino acid precursors of
neurotransmitters may offer a practical means of reducing stress response in
swine.


154                                    NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94

The impact of handling and environmental factors on the stress
response and
its consequences in swine.
Barnett, J.L.; Hemsworth, P.H.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal
Science; 1986 Aug.
Laboratory animal science v. 36 (4): p. 366-369; 1986 Aug.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Handling; Environmental factors; Stress response; Pig
housing


155                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Import/export health requirements of animals.
Bruch, D.E.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1985 Mar18.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (11th): p. 55-56; 1985 Mar18.

Language:  English

Descriptors: U.S.A.; Domestic animals; Livestock; Imports; Exports; Transport
of animals; Animal health; Requirements; Certification; Quarantine


156                                      NAL Call. No.: 23 W52J

Importance of live sheep exports.
Norris, R.; Richards, B.; Higgs, T.
South Perth : Department of Agriculture, Western Australia; 1990.
Journal of agriculture v. 31 (4): p. 132-133; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Sheep; Exports; Feedlots; Loading; Markets; Sea
transport; Animal health; Animal welfare


157                                NAL Call. No.: aHD1401.A2U52

Improving China's livestock industry.
Tuan, F.C.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1986 Mar.
Farmline - United States Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research
Service v. 7
(3): p. 12-14; 1986 Mar.

Language:  English

Descriptors: China; Improvement; Livestock; Industry; Breeding; Feeds;
Transport; Processing


158                                     NAL Call. No.: S671.A33

An industry view of engineering research needs for livestock.
Blackshaw, J.K.
Victoria : Agricultural Engineering Society; 1990.
Agricultural engineering Australia v. 19 (1): p. 14-15; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Livestock; Handling; Agricultural engineering;
Research; Sheep; Shearing; Pig housing; Transport; Ultrasonic devices


159                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Influence of breed and early management on ease of handling and
open-field
behaviour of cattle.
Boivin, X.; Le Neindre, P.; Chupin, J.M.; Garel, J.P.; Trillat, G.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Jan.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 32 (4): p. 313-323; 1992 Jan.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Animal behavior; Temperament; Cattle breeds; Breed
differences; Cattle husbandry; Handling


160                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 AN55

The influence of pre-slaughter transport and lairage on meat
quality in pigs
of two genotypes.
Warriss, P.D.; Brown, S.N.; Bevis, E.A.; Kestin, S.C.
S.l. : Durrant; 1990 Feb.
Animal production v. 50 (pt.1): p. 165-172; 1990 Feb.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Genotypes; Meat lines; Large white; Landrace; Transport of
animals; Meat quality; Stress; Slaughter


161                                    NAL Call. No.: S16.F5J68

Influence of selection phase, fasting and transport on porcine
stress and on
the development of PSE pork.
Honkavaara, M.
Helsinki : The Scientific Agricultural Society of Finland; 1989.
Journal of agricultural science in Finland : Maataloustieteellinen
aikakauskirja v. 61 (5): p. 415-423; 1989.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Finland; Pigs; Fasting; Stress; Transport; Meat quality; Exudative
meat; Pork; Creatine kinase


162                                   NAL Call. No.: 47.8 AM33P

Intestinal absorption of glucose and amino acids in chickens
administered
monensin.
Riley, W.W. Jr; Esteve-Garcia, E.; Austic, R.E.
Champaign, Ill. : Poultry Science Association; 1986 Dec.
Poultry science v. 65 (12): p. 2292-2298; 1986 Dec.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Chickens; Monensin; Glucose; Amino acids; Intestinal absorption;
Nutrient transport; Drug effects


163                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Investigation of the effects of transport and lairage on hydration
state and
resting behaviour of calves for export.
Atkinson, P.J.
London : The Association; 1992 May09.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary
Association v. 130
(19): p. 413-416; 1992 May09.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Transport of animals; Road transport; Dehydration
(physiological); Rest; Sleep


164                                    NAL Call. No.: SF915.J63

Investigations into the effect of two sedatives on the stress
response in
cattle.
Brearley, J.C.; Dobson, H.; Jones, R.S.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1990 Dec.
Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics v. 13 (4): p.
367-377; 1990 Dec.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cows; Antagonists; Xylazine; Stress; Intramuscular injection;
Transport of animals; Hydrocortisone; Blood plasma; Blood sugar; Gases


165                                    NAL Call. No.: SF601.C24

Involvement of trauma in the pathogenesis of osteochondritis
dissecans in
swine.
Nakano, T.; Aherne, F.X.
Ottawa : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association; 1988 Jan.
Canadian journal of veterinary research; Revue canadienne de
recherche
veterinaire v. 52 (1): p. 154-155; 1988 Jan.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Trauma; Pathogenesis; Osteochondritis; Transport; Disease
prevention


166                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AV5

Late clinical expression of lameness related to associated
osteomyelitis and
tibial dyschondroplasia in male breeding turkeys.
Wyers, M.; Cherel, Y.; Plassiart, G.
Kennett Square, Pa. : American Association of Avian Pathologists; 1991 Apr.
Avian diseases v. 35 (2): p. 408-414; 1991 Apr.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Turkeys; Male animals; Stress; Transport of animals; Lameness;
Osteomyelitis; Tibia; Dyschondroplasia

Abstract:  A sudden outbreak of lameness related to transport stress is
described in a flock of male breeding turkeys. Most of the affected turkeys
exhibited obvious unilateral leg disorders. All were affected with tibial or
metatarsal dyschondroplasia with at least one lesion associated with a large
focus of necrosis. By histological examinations, bone lesions showed the
typical feature of osteomyelitis. The inflammatory bone lesions appeared at
only single isolated sites and were always associated with obvious sequestra of
dyschondroplastic retained cartilage. Osteomyelitis seems to be an unexpected
acute complication of previous dyschondroplasia in relation with different
breeding stress situations. The resulting pain of the associated lesions could
be the main cause of clinical expression of lameness. The pathogenesis of the
phenomenon remains uncertain.


167                            NAL Call. No.: FICHE 290.9 AM32P

Livestock export by ship from Australia.
Grandin, T.
St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1984.
Paper - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (Microfiche
collection)
(84-6533): 34 p. ill; 1984.  Paper presented at the 1984 Winter
Meeting of the
American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Available for purchase
from: The
American Society of Agricultural Engineers, Order Dept., 2950 Niles
Road,.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Livestock; Exports; Transport of animals; Boats and
ships


168                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 J82

Livestock handling and transport video.
Hoke, K.E.; Grandin, T.
Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1988.
Journal of animal science v. 66 (suppl.1): p. 516; 1988.  Paper
presented at
the 80th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Animal Science, held July
19-22, 1988, New Brunswick, New Jersey.  Includes abstract.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Handling; Transport of animals; Videotapes


169                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1306

Livestock in transit handle with care..  Handle with care
Humane Slaughter Association, Countrywise Communication
(Firm),Royal Society
for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Universities Federation
for Animal
Welfare
Potters Bar, Herts, England : Humane Slaughter Association,; 1989.
1 videocassette (ca. 27 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  On container: Made in
association with Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals, Universities Federation for Animal Welfare.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock

Abstract:  Discusses the safe loading, transporting and unloading of livestock.


170                                     NAL Call. No.: 100 M668

A loading issue: Scientists study how to move pigs gently.
Obst, J.
St. Paul, Minn. : The Station; 1986.
Minnesota science - Minnesota, Agricultural Experiment Station v.
41 (3): p.
3. ill; 1986.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Transport of animals; Animal welfare; Yorkshire; Pietrain;
Minnesota no. 1; Breed differences


171                                    NAL Call. No.: SF887.I57

The logistics and economics of meeting health certification
requirements for
embryos for international movement.
Hasler, J.F.
Champaign, Ill.? : The Society?; 1988.
International embryo movement : proceedings of a symposium, Montreal, 1987 /
edited by W.C.D. Hare and Sarah M. Seidel. p. 177-184; 1988.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Embryos (animal); Animal health; Certification;
Requirements; Exports; Imports; International transport


172                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Long distance transport of lambs and the time needed for subsequent
recovery.
Knowles, T.G.; Warriss, P.D.; Brown, S.N.; Kestin, S.C.; Rhind, S.M.; Edwards,
J.E.; Anil, M.H.; Dolan, S.K.
London : The British Veterinary Association; 1993 Sep18.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary
Association v. 133
(12): p. 286-293; 1993 Sep18.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Lambs; Road transport; Stress


173                                     NAL Call. No.: 47.8 B77

Longer journeys to processing plants are associated with higher
mortality in
broiler chickens.
Warriss, P.D.; Bevis, E.A.; Brown, S.N.; Edwards, J.E.
Oxfordshire : Carfax Publishing Company; 1992 Mar.
British poultry science v. 33 (1): p. 201-206; 1992 Mar.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Broilers; Transport of animals; Mortality; Duration


174                            NAL Call. No.: SF85.4.A9G72 1985

Losses and diseases induced by transport.
Shaw, F.D.
Indooroopilly, QLD : Australian Veterinary Association (Queensland
Division); 1985.
Grazing Animal Welfare Symposium : proceedings of a symposium held
at the
Bardon Professional Development Centre, Brisbane, on April 26th and
27th, 1985
/ [editors: Brian L. Moore and Peter J. Chenoweth]. p. 145-154; 1985.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Losses; Mortality; Transport; Tetany; Liveweight; Carcass
weight; Bruising; Stress; Beef quality


175                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 R312

M cells in the rectum of calves.
Liebler, E.M.; Paar, M.; Pohlenz, J.F.
London : British Veterinary Association; 1991 Jul.
Research in veterinary science v. 51 (1): p. 107-114; 1991 Jul.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Rectum; Cells; Lymph nodes; Morphology; Epithelium;
Newborn animals

Abstract:  The morphology of gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the
ultrastructure of overlying lymphoepithelium of newborn and three-week-old
conventionally raised calves were compared. In all calves patches of lymphoid
nodules were found in the terminal rectum. In newborn calves lymphoid nodules
in the submucosa with caps of lymphoid tissue in the lamina propria
predominated. In three-week-old calves lymphoglandular complexes were as
numerous as lymphoid nodules with caps. Scanning and transmission electron
microscopical examination of superficial lymphoepithelium over caps and
lymphoepithelium in epithelial diverticula of lymphoglandular complexes
revealed groups or single cells morphologically resembling M cells, but with
widely varying apical processes. To investigate whether these putative M cells
in rectal lymphoepithelium internalise and transport macromolecules across the
epithelial barrier, ferritin was injected into the rectum of three-week-old
calves. Eighty to 150 minutes after exposure ferritin was detected in cells
resembling M cells. Thus these cells ought to be considered as M cells. It may
be hypothesised that gut-associated lymphoid tissue with specialised
lymphoepithelium in the rectum of calves provides a route for the uptake of
antigen.


176                                     NAL Call. No.: SF191.G4

Management prevents handling abuses.
Macon, Ga. : Georgia Cattlemen's Association; 1987 Sep.
Georgia cattleman v. 15 (9): p. 50, 54; 1987 Sep.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Animal welfare


177                                NAL Call. No.: 275.29 N272EX

Managing comingled feeder pigs.
Brumm, M.C.; Jesse, G.W.; Mayes, H.F.; Zinn, G.M.
Lincoln, Neb. : The Service; 1985.
EC - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Nebraska
(85-219): p. 18-19; 1985.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pig feeding; Pigs; Transport; Diets


178                                  NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T

Manure transport and thermal properties of a flushing slat floor
for swine.
Newton, G.L.; Booram, C.V. Jr; Stansell, J.R.; Hale, O.M.
St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1985 May.
Transactions of the ASAE - American Society of Agricultural
Engineers v. 28
(3): p. 860-864; 1985 May.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pig housing; Slatted floors; Pig slurry; Flushing; Thermal
properties


179                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Marine transport experiences in Australia.
Biddle, R.R.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1986 Apr28.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (12th): p. 69-70; 1986 Apr28.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Livestock; Sea transport; Transport of animals; Animal
welfare


180                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A

Market stress-associated changes in serum complement activity in
feeder
calves.
Purdy, C.W.; Richards, A.B.; Foster, G.S.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1991
Nov.
American journal of veterinary research v. 52 (11): p. 1842-1847; 1991 Nov. 
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Southeastern states of U.S.A.; Calves; Stress; Complement; Blood
serum; Normal values; Morbidity; Respiratory diseases; Sex differences;
Vaccination

Abstract:  Classical hemolytic complement (C) of calves was analyzed during a
protocol designed to imitate the usual market handling of feeder calves from
the southeastern United States. Serum C concentrations of the calves (n = 100 X
4 years) were evaluated on their farm of origin, on arrival at an auction
market, on arrival at a feedyard, and during their first 4 weeks in the
feedyard. Complement concentrations (measured in CH50 units) were typically
lowest at the farm of origin and highest when the calves entered the auction
market 28 to 133 days later. Serum C concentrations decreased after the calves
encountered the severe stresses of being in the auction market for 7 days, 24-
hour truck transport (1,932 km) to the feedyard, and the first 7 days in the
feedyard. The C concentrations recovered after 21 to 28 days in the feedyard.
Steers had significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) lower C concentrations
than did heifers in 3 of 4 years at the farm of origin, and in 2 of 4 years at
the auction market. Morbid calves had significantly (P less than or equal to
0.05) lower C values than did healthy calves on day 7 in the feedyard in 3 of 4
years. There were significant differences in C concentrations of calves from
different farms of origin in each of the 4 years. There was no significant
difference in C concentrations of calves that were vaccinated vs those not
vaccinated with Pasteurella haemolytica.


181                                     NAL Call. No.: 58.8 J82

Mechanized harvesting and transport of broilers.
Koning, K. de; Gerrits, A.R.; Migchels, A.
London : Academic Press; 1987 Oct.
Journal of agricultural engineering research v. 38 (2): p. 105-111.
ill; 1987
Oct.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Netherlands; Broilers; Mechanical harvesting; Loading; Transport;
Damage; Labor costs


182                                    NAL Call. No.: 100 K133P

Medication programs for newly received calves.
Axe, D.; Riley, J.; Spire, M.
Manhattan, Kan. : The Station; 1984 Mar.
Report of progress - Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas
State
College of Agriculture and Applied Science (448): p. 124-126; 1984
Mar.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Kansas; Steers; Fattening; Medical treatment; Programs; Costs;
Marketing; Transport; Stress


183                                      NAL Call. No.: 23 W52J

Minimising sheep deaths aboard ship.
Norris, R.; Richards, B.; Higgs, T.
South Perth : Department of Agriculture, Western Australia; 1990.
Journal of agriculture v. 31 (4): p. 144-145; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Sheep; Sea transport; Simulation; Feeding; Feedlots;
Mortality; Survival; Therapy


184                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Minimum spatial requirements for individual farm animals during
transportation.
Fraser, A.F.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1986 Apr28.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (12th): p. 61-62; 1986 Apr28.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Transport of animals; Space requirements; Length;
Width; Height; Animal welfare


185                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AD9

Model systems to study immunomodulation in domestic food animals.
Roth, J.A.; Flaming, K.P.
San Diego, Calif. : Academic Press; 1990.
Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine v. 35: p.
21-41; 1990.
 In the series analytic: Immunomodulation in domestic food animals
/ edited by
F. Blecha and B. Charley.  Literature review.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Immunotherapy; Immunostimulants; Immunosuppressive
agents; Models; Stress; Weaning; Glucocorticoids; Infectious diseases;
Mastitis; Transport of animals; Respiratory diseases; Literature reviews


186                                      NAL Call. No.: 410 B77

Modification of fear in domestic chicks, Gallus gallus domesticus, via regular
handling and early environmental enrichment.
Jones, R.B.; Waddington, D.
London : Academic Press; 1992 Jun.
Animal behaviour v. 43 (pt.6): p. 1021-1033; 1992 Jun.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Chicks; Fearfulness; Behavior modification; Handling; Environment;
Enrichment; Animal welfare

Abstract:  Although its adaptive properties are recognized, fear can harm the
welfare and performance of intensively housed poultry. Its alleviation in
individually caged domestic chicks via the independent or integrated
application of regular handling and environmental enrichment regimes was
investigated. The test situations incorporated varying degrees of exposure to
novel, inanimate stimuli and of human involvement. Enrichment reduced freezing
and avoidance of a novel object introduced into the home cage, accelerated
emergence from a sheltered area into an exposed unfamiliar one and increased
vocalization, ambulation and pecking in an open field or novel environment. It
also reduced the chicks' avoidance of a nearby, visible experimenter and
attenuated their tonic immobility reaction to manual restraint. Such wide-
ranging effects suggest that environmental enrichment may have modified
general, non-specific fearfulness. Regular handling also attenuated the chicks'
tonic immobility responses and their avoidance of the experimenter but it
exerted few other detectable effects and there was no demonstrable effect of
handling in the presence of enrichment. These findings are consistent with the
suggestion that repeated gentle handling may exert its strongest influence by
facilitating habituation to human beings rather than by, reducing underlying
fearfulness. The implications of reduced fearfulness and other potential
benefits of handling and enrichment procedures are discussed.


187                               NAL Call. No.: RB125.C68 1985

Moral, social and scientific aspects of the use of swine in
research.
Rollin, B.E.
New York : Plenum Press; 1986.
Swine in biomedical research / edited by M.E. Tumbleson. p. 29-37; 1986.
Proceedings of a conference on Swine in Biomedical Research, June
17-20, 1985, Columbia, Missouri.  Literature review.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Animal research; Handling; Animal welfare; Standards; Moral
values; Ethics


188                              NAL Call. No.: HV4704.A54 1986

Movement of casualty animals.
Thornton, D.A.K.
London : BVA Animal Welfare Foundation, [1986?]; 1986.
The proceedings of the Animal Welfare Foundation's Third Symposium
: entitled
The welfare of animals in transit, held on 19 November 1986 /
edited by T.E.
Gibson ; assist editor, D.A. Paterson ; secretary, Gill McConville.
p. 35-41; 1986. (Symposia series ; 1).  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: United  Kingdom; Livestock; Transport of animals; Abattoirs;
Slaughter; Legislation; Regulations; Inspection; Animal welfare


189                                  NAL Call. No.: aSF601.A1U5

National poultry improvement plan. 1989 Directory of participants
handling
waterfowl, exhibition poultry, and game birds.
Washington, D. C. : The Service; 1989 May.
APHIS 91 - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health
Inspection
Service (91-42): 86 p.; 1989 May.

Language:  English

Descriptors: U.S.A.; Waterfowl; Poultry; Game birds; Improvement


190                                      NAL Call. No.: 100 OK4

Naxcel for stressed stocker cattle.
Johnson, B.D.; Gill, D.R.; Smith, R.A.; Ball, R.L.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Station; 1990 Jun.
Annual report - Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station (129): p.
217-220; 1990 Jun.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Transport of animals; Stress response; Respiratory
diseases; Cephalosporins; Treatment; Liveweight gain; Mortality; Morbidity;
Disease control


191                                  NAL Call. No.: HV4804.A3A4

New Zealand condemns sheep to suffering & painful death.
Long, C.
Petersfield [Hampshire] : Compassion in World Farming; 1985 Nov.
Agscence : news & comments on agriculture and the environment (81): p. 2-3.
ill; 1985 Nov.

Language:  English

Descriptors: New Zealand; Sheep; Pain; Death; Stress; Transport of animals;
Animal welfare


192                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4761.A5

New Zealand lifts long-standing ban on death ships.
Washington, D.C. : The Institute; 1986.
The Animal Welfare Institute quarterly v. 35 (2): p. 4. ill; 1986.

Language:  English

Descriptors: New Zealand; Sheep; Boats and ships; Livestock transporters;
Animal welfare


193                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 AN55

A note on the effect of castration on the ease of movement and
handling of
young cattle in yards.
Hinch, G.N.; Lynch, J.J.
Neston, South Wirral, England : British Society of Animal
Production; 1987
Oct.
Animal production v. 45 (pt.2): p. 317-320; 1987 Oct.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Bulls; Steers; Castration; Animal husbandry; Handling; Transport
of animals; Animal behavior


194                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 AN55

A note on the effect of marketing route on weight loss in lambs
sent for
slaughter.
Evans, D.G.; Sains, A.G.; Corlett, I.K.; Kilkenny, J.B.
Neston, South Wirral, England : British Society of Animal
Production; 1987
Aug.
Animal production v. 45 (pt.1): p. 145-148; 1987 Aug.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Lambs; Weight losses; Transport of animals; Slaughter weight;
Carcass weight


195                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 AN55

A note on the effect of stocking density and temperature on meat
quality in
pigs.
Guise, H.J.; Warriss, P.D.
S.l. : Durrant; 1989 Apr.
Animal production v. 48 (2): p. 480-482; 1989 Apr.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Stocking density; Transport of animals; Slaughter; Air
temperature; Meat quality; Pigmeat; Ph


196                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1990

Operations: from an airline viewpoint.
Joyce, J.
Dallas, Tex.? : The Association; 1990.
Conference proceedings : Animal Transportation Association, April
22-25, 1990, 16th International Conference. p. 32-38; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Transport of animals; Livestock; Air transport; Aircraft 

197                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Optimum temperature of ovary transporation for in vitro
fertilisation of
bovine oocytes.
Sekine, J.; Sakurada, T.; Oura, R.
London : The Association; 1992 Oct17.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary
Association v. 131
(16): p. 372; 1992 Oct17.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Bovidae; Ovaries; Oocytes; Temperature; Transport; In vitro;
Fertilization


198                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4735.O8

Our farmers care.
Archbold, Louise; Weisensel, Russel R.
Wisconsin Agri-Business Council
Madison, Wis. : Wisconsin Agri-Business Foundation,; 1989.
30 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm.  Cover title.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Animal welfare; United States; Farmers; United States; Farmers;
Wisconsin; Livestock; Wisconsin; Handling


199                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AU72

Performance of Australian wethers in Arabian Gulf feedlots after
transport by
sea.
Scharp, D.W.
Brunswick, Victoria : Australian Veterinary Association; 1992 Feb.
Australian veterinary journal v. 69 (2): p. 42-43; 1992 Feb.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Saudi arabia; Wethers; Transport of animals; Sea
transport; Feedlots; Performance; Mortality


200                                     NAL Call. No.: 47.8 W89

Physiological aspects of broiler transportation.
Kettlewell, P.J.
London : Butterworth; 1989 Nov.
World's poultry science journal v. 45 (3): p. 219-227; 1989 Nov.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Broilers; Transport of animals; Heat regulation; Thermoregulation;
Heat stress


201                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1990

Port authority point of view.
O'Donnell, J.B.
Dallas, Tex.? : The Association; 1990.
Conference proceedings : Animal Transportation Association, April
22-25, 1990, 16th International Conference. p. 42-43; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Delaware; Transport of animals; Livestock; Water transport


202                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1990

Port of export for sea/air user/provider perspectives.
Robinson, G.M.
Dallas, Tex.? : The Association; 1990.
Conference proceedings : Animal Transportation Association, April
22-25, 1990, 16th International Conference. p. 45-48; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Transport of animals; Livestock; Air transport; Water transport


203                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4701.M3

Poultry: once a symbol of life, now a life of misery.
Simpson, M.
Sacramento, Calif. : The Institute; 1990.
Mainstream - Animal Protection Institute of America v. 21 (1): p.
20-23. ill; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Poultry; Animal welfare; Battery cages; Euthanasia; Hatcheries;
Overfeeding; Slaughter; Transport


204                                NAL Call. No.: SF61.P73 1991

Practical animal handling.
Anderson, R. S._1931-; Edney, A. T. B.
Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press,; 1991.
xii, 198 p. : ill. ; 25 cm.  Includes bibliographical references
and index.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock


205                         NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.204

Practical methodology from the University of California, Davis ; produced by
the Department of Instructional Media for the School of Veterinary
Medicine..
Humane handling and laboratory techniques for the rabbit Humane
handling and
laboratory techniques for the guinea pig Humane handling and
laboratory
techniques for the mouse Endotracheal intubation of the rat and
hamster
Endotracheal intubation of the guinea pig Endotracheal intubation
of the
rabbit
Brooks, Dale L.; Timm, Karen; John, Sharon
University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of
California, Davis, Instructional Media
Davis, Calif. : The School,; 1987-9999.
videocassettes (U-matic) ( min.) : sd., col. ; 3/4 in.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Handling; Guinea pigs as laboratory animals;
Rabbits as laboratory animals; Mice as laboratory animals; Animal welfare


206                                 NAL Call. No.: Slide no.282

Practical methodology humane handling and laboratory techniques for
the guinea
pig..  Humane handling and laboratory techniques for the guinea pig
The guinea
pig
Timm, Karen I.; Rubin, Carol; Porte, William G.
University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine
Davis : School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis,; 1987.
65 slides : col. + 1 sound cassette (15 min. : 1 7/8 ips) + 1 guide
(8 p. ; 28
cm.).  Label on cassette: Practical methodology: the guinea pig.
Set no. 863.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Guinea pigs as laboratory animals; Laboratory animals; Handling;
Animal immobilization; Animal welfare


207                                    NAL Call. No.: SF371.N49

Practical selection and handling and wool (Sheep, shearing, New
Zealand).
Sullivan, J.
Palmerston North : The Society; 1984.
Proceedings of this Society's seminar - New Zealand Veterinary
Association, Sheep & Beef Cattle Society (14th): p. 92-94; 1984.

Language:  English

Descriptors: New Zealand


208                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AU72

Pre slaughter handling of cattle: The availability of water during
the lairage
period.
Wythes, J.R.; Johnston, G.N.; Beaman, N.; O'Rourke, P.K.
North Melbourne, Victoria : Australian Veterinary Association; 1985
May.
Australian veterinary journal v. 62 (5): p. 163-165; 1985 May.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Queensland; Cattle; Handling; Carcass weight; Yards; Abattoirs;
Water intake; Water availability


209                                  NAL Call. No.: 275.29 G29B

Preconditioning and receiving calves (Programs to reduce or to
overcome
shipping stress, costs and returns, Georgia).
Stewart, R.L.; Crider, M.C.; Bedell, D.M.
Athens, Ga. : The Service; Apr 1984.
Bulletin - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Georgia, College of
Agriculture (896): 15 p.; Apr 1984.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Georgia


210                                     NAL Call. No.: SF207.O4

Preconditioning, buying and handling newly arrived cattle.
Grandin, T.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1984.
Beef cattle handb GPE - Great Plains States, Oklahoma State
University, Cooperative Extension Service (3052): 4 p. ill; 1984.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Conditioning; Purchasing; Disease prevention


211                                      NAL Call. No.: 23 W52J

Predisposing causes of sheep deaths aboard ship.
Norris, R.; Richards, B.; Higgs, T.
South Perth : Department of Agriculture, Western Australia; 1990.
Journal of agriculture v. 31 (4): p. 139-143. ill; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Sheep; Age; Animal nutrition; Exports; Mortality;
Obesity; Relative humidity; Seasonality; Sea transport; Starvation;
Temperature; Therapy


212                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AU72

Pre-embarkation risk factors for sheep deaths during export by sea
from
Western Australia.
Norris, R.T.; Richards, R.B.; Dunlop, R.H.
Brunswick, Victoria : Australian Veterinary Association; 1989 Oct.
Australian veterinary journal v. 66 (10): p. 309-314; 1989 Oct.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Western australia; Sheep; Death; Mortality; Sea transport;
Exports; Risks; Pelleted feeds; Feedlots


213                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Preparation and handling of sheep before and during ship
transportation.
Grandin, T.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1984 Apr24.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (10th): p. 116-126. ill; 1984 Apr24.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Western australia; Middle east; Sheep; Sheep management; Transport
of animals; Sea transport; Animal welfare; Sheep feeding; Feedlots; Stress;
Ventilation


214                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Pre-slaughter handling and transport of broiler chickens.
Nicol, C.J.; Scott, G.B.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 57-73; 1990 Nov.
In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by
Graham Perry.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Broilers; Slaughter; Handling; Transport of animals; Animal
welfare; Stress; Fearfulness; Mortality; Trauma; Weight losses; Carcasses;
Avoidance conditioning


215                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 N812

Prevention and treatment of shipping fever complex in cattle.
Goleta, Calif. : American Veterinary Publications; 1987 May.
Modern veterinary practice v. 68 (5): p. 320-322; 1987 May.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Pasteurella; Disease prevention; Treatment; Antibiotics;
Vaccination


216                              NAL Call. No.: HV4704.A54 1986

The proceedings of the Animal Welfare Foundation's Third Symposium
entitled
The welfare of animals in transit, held on 19 November 1986..
Welfare of
animals in transit
Gibson, T. E.
Animal Welfare Foundation. Symposium 1986 : London, England?)
London : BVA Animal Welfare Foundation, [1986?]; 1986.
115 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. (Symposia series (American Welfare
Foundation) ; 1.).
Includes bibliographies.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Animal welfare; Animals, Treatment of; Congresses; Livestock;
Transportation; Congresses; Animals; Transportation; Congresses


217                                     NAL Call. No.: 47.8 W89

Processing and utilization of spent hens.
Kondaiah, N.; Panda, B.
London : Butterworth; 1992 Nov.
World's poultry science journal v. 48 (3): p. 255-268; 1992 Nov.
Literature
review.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Hens; Meat quality; Transport of animals; Meat yield; Chicken
meat; Hot boning; Mechanically deboned meat; Preformed meats; Sausages; Chicken
fat; Literature reviews


218                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Quarantine facilities.
Hasenauer, F.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1984 Apr24.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (10th): p. 103; 1984 Apr24.

Language:  English

Descriptors: U.S.A.; Livestock; Quarantine; International trade; Air transport;
Transport of animals


219                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Rabbit transport and its effects on meat quality.
Jolley, P.D.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 119-134; 1990 Nov.
In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by
Graham Perry.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Rabbits; Transport of animals; Transit time; Rabbit meat; Meat
quality; Stress; Liveweight; Food deprivation; Glycogen; Ph; Liver; Dark
cutting meat; Blood sugar


220                                    NAL Call. No.: 49.9 AU72

Reasons for ill-health and mortality during live sheep exports.
Richards, R.B.; Norris, R.T.; McQuade, N.C.
Sydney : Pergamon Press; 1986.
Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production v. 16: p. 42-43;
1986.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Exports; Mortality; Sheep diseases; Illness; Stress;
Feedlots; Injuries; Transport of animals


221                              NAL Call. No.: TS1960.G73 1991

Recommended animal handling guidelines for meat packers.
Grandin, Temple
Washington, DC : American Meat Institute, [1991?]; 1991.
21 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Slaughtering and slaughter-houses; Livestock; Animal welfare


222                            NAL Call. No.: 7 C16Pu no.1771/E

Recommended code "Pending_relink" tppabs="http://netvet.wustl.edu/org/awic/bib/of.class" practice for care and handling of pigs.
Canadian Federation of Humane Societies
Ottawa : Agriculture Canada : [available from Communications
Branch, Agriculture Canada,; 1984.
37 p. ; 23 cm.. (Publication / Canada. Agriculture Canada ; 1771/E).  Also
issued in French with title: Code de pratiques recommandees pour
l'entretien
et la manutention des porcs.  Coordinated by the Canadian
Federation of Humane
Societies.  "The purpose of this code is to ensure the welfare of
swine, based
on the good will of all concerned and without mandatory
controls."--Foreword.

Language:  English; English

Descriptors: Swine; Handling; Swine; Transportation


223                            NAL Call. No.: 7 C16Pu no.1853/E

Recommended code of practice for the care and handling of dairy
cattle.
Canadian Federation of Humane Societies, Canada, Agriculture Canada
Ottawa, Ont. : Available from Communications Branch, Agriculture
Canada,; 1990.
41 p. ; 23 cm. (Agriculture Canada publication ; 1853/E).  Produced
by
Research Program Service.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Dairy cattle; Dairy cattle


224                            NAL Call. No.: 7 C16Pu no.1870/E

Recommended code of practice for the care and handling of farm
animals beef
cattle..  Beef cattle
Hurnik, J. F.
Ottawa, Ont. : Available from Communications Branch, Agriculture
Canada,; 1991.
46 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. (Publication (Canada. Agriculture Canada) ; 1870.).

Language:  English

Descriptors: Beef cattle; Beef cattle


225                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 M69

Reduce stress of handling to improve productivity of livestock
(Physiologic
reactions).
Grandin, T.
Edwardsville, Kan. : Veterinary Medicine Publishing Co; June 1984.
VM/SAC, veterinary medicine & small animal clinician v. 79 (6): p.
827-831.
ill; June 1984.  Includes references.

Language:  English


226                              NAL Call. No.: SF756.7.I5 1984

Reducing equine hauling stress.
Cregier, S.E.
Darmstadt : Kuratorium fur Technik und Bauwesen in der
Landwirtschaft, [1984?]; 1984.
Proceedings of the International Congress on Applied Ethology in
Farm Animals, Kiel, 1984 / edited by J. Unshelm, G. van Putten and K. Zeeb ;
sponsored by
the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry. p. 175-178.
ill; 1984.
 Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Horses; Transport of animals; Livestock transporters; Loading;
Stress; Animal welfare


227                                     NAL Call. No.: 100 AL1H

Reducing handling stress aids immune function in calves.
Brunner, C.J.
Auburn University, Ala. : The Station; 1989.
Highlights of agricultural research - Alabama Agricultural
Experiment Station
v. 36 (2): p. 10; 1989.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Holstein-friesian; Steers; Cattle husbandry; Stress
management; Stress response; Adrenal cortex hormones; Immune response;
Transport of animals


228                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 R312

Relationship between an increase in plasma cortisol during
transport-induced
stress and failure of oestradiol to induce a luteinising hormone
surge in
dairy cows.
Nanda, A.S.; Dobson, H.; Ward, W.R.
London : British Veterinary Association; 1990 Jul.
Research in veterinary science v. 49 (1): p. 25-28; 1990 Jul.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Dairy cows; Cortisol; Blood plasma; Stress; Transport of animals;
Estradiol; Lh; Postpartum interval; Estrous cycle


229                                  NAL Call. No.: QP82.2.T4J6

Relationships between transport conditions and the occurrence of
cough in
growing pigs.
Geers, R.; Goedseels, V.; Laet, B. de; Verstegen, M.W.A.
Oxford, Eng. : Pergamon Press; 1986 Aug.
Journal of thermal biology v. 11 (2): p. 137-138; 1986 Aug.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Transport of animals; Respiratory disorders; Pig housing;
Environmental temperature; Disease resistance; Growth


230                                     NAL Call. No.: S671.A66

A report on the effect of fasting and transportation on liveweight
losses, carcass weight losses and heat production measures of slaughter
hogs.
Mayes, H.F.; Hahn, G.L.; Becker, B.A.; Anderson, M.E.; Nienaber, J.A.; Hedrick,
H.B.; Jesse, G.W.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1988 Sep.
Applied engineering in agriculture v. 4 (3): p. 254-258; 1988 Sep.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Fasting; Transport of animals; Weight losses; Liveweight;
Carcass weight; Heat production


231                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Research on improving railway car shipments of livestock.
Bailey, W.A.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1984 Apr24.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (10th): p. 127-132. ill; 1984 Apr24.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Transport of animals; Rail transport; Railways; Inland
transport; Animal health; Weight losses


232                                     NAL Call. No.: 23 AU792

Responses of cattle to different space allowances, pen sizes and
road
conditions during transport.
Eldridge, G.A.; Winfield, C.G.; Cahill, D.J.
Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization; 1988.
Australian journal of experimental agriculture v. 28 (2): p.
155-159; 1988.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Victoria; Cattle; Transport of animals; Stress response; Space
requirements; Pens; Size; Roads; Animal behavior; Animal welfare; Heart rate;
Surveys; Injuries; Weight losses


233                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3

Results of a survey of emergency evacuation of dairy cattle.
Linnabary, R.D.; New, J.C. Jr
Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1993 Apr15.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 202 (8): p.
1238-1242; 1993 Apr15.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Washington; Dairy cattle; Emergencies; Floods; Flooding; Surveys;
Farmers' attitudes; Transport of animals; Animal husbandry


234                                     NAL Call. No.: 58.8 J82

A review of broiler chicken catching and transport systems.
Kettlewell, P.J.; Turner, M.J.B.
London : Academic Press; 1985 Feb.
Journal of agricultural engineering research v. 31 (2): p. 93-114.
ill; 1985
Feb.  Includes 56 references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Broilers; Chickens; Transport; Broiler rearing; Environmental
factors


235                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 W89

A review of Nigerian livestock production with a particular
reference to the
meat processing and utilization common among the Yorubas of
South-western
states.
Ockerman, H.W.; Agboola, H.A.
Rome : International Publishing Enterprises; 1991 Apr.
World review of animal production v. 26 (2): p. 69-79; 1991 Apr.
Literature
review.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Nigeria; Livestock numbers; Cattle breeds; Transport of animals;
Meat and livestock industry; Meat production; Meat products; Goats; Sheep;
Poultry


236                                   NAL Call. No.: SF601.V535

Routine sheep and goat procedures.
Williams, C.S.F.
Philadelphia, Pa. : W.B. Saunders Company; 1990 Nov.
The Veterinary clinics of North America : food animal practice v.
6 (3): p.
737-758; 1990 Nov.  In the series analytic: Advances in sheep and
goat
medicine / edited by M. C. Smith.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Goats; Handling; Restraint; Blood sampling; Identification;
Feet; Docking; Castration; Drug therapy; Dehorning; Surgical operations; Skin
glands; Wattles; Newborn animals


237                            NAL Call. No.: SF85.4.A9G72 1985

Sale by description and marketing alternatives.
Wilcock, K.R.
Indooroopilly, QLD : Australian Veterinary Association (Queensland
Division); 1985.
Grazing Animal Welfare Symposium : proceedings of a symposium held
at the
Bardon Professional Development Centre, Brisbane, on April 26th and
27th, 1985
/ [editors: Brian L. Moore and Peter J. Chenoweth]. p. 155-159; 1985.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Cattle; Sheep; Lambs; Marketing; Sales; Handling;
Transport


238                                   NAL Call. No.: 280.38 F62

Schlachtung von Bullen unmittelbar nach dem Transport
[Slaughtering bulls
immediately after transport.].
Wajda, S.; Wichlacz, H.
Frankfurt am Main, W. Ger. : Sponholz; Mar 1984.
Fleischwirtschaft v. 64 (3): p. 343-345; Mar 1984.  Includes references.

Language:  German; English


239                                     NAL Call. No.: 23 AU783

Season, age and adiposity influence death rates in sheep exported
by sea.
Higgs, A.R.B.; Norris, R.T.; Richards, R.B.
Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization; 1991.
Australian journal of agricultural research v. 42 (2): p. 205-214; 1991. 
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Western australia; Middle east; Sheep; Age; Exports; Mortality;
Obesity; Pathogenesis; Risk; Seasonal variation; Ships; Transport of animals


240                                     NAL Call. No.: 23 AU783

Seasonal metabolic factors may be responsible for deaths in sheep
exported by
sea.
Richards, R.B.; Hyder, M.W.; Fry, J.; Costa, N.D.; Norris, R.T.; Higgs, A.R.B.
Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization; 1991.
Australian journal of agricultural research v. 42 (2): p. 215-226; 1991. 
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Western australia; Middle east; Sheep; Anorexia; Australian
merino; Exports; Metabolic disorders; Mortality; Seasonal variation; Ships;
Transport of animals


241                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A

Serotype-specific resistance to nasal colonization by Pasteurella
haemolytica
in cattle.
Frank, G.H.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1985
Nov.
American journal of veterinary research v. 46 (11): p. 2245-2248; 1985 Nov.
Includes 30 references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Pasteurella haemolytica; Respiratory diseases; Nose;
Serotypes; Antigens; Vaccination; Transport; Disease resistance


242                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A

Serum chemical profile of feeder pigs, as influenced by market
stress and
feeding regimen.
Clemens, E.T.; Schultz, B.D.; Brumm, M.C.; Jesse, G.W.; Mayes, H.F.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1989
Jul.
American journal of veterinary research v. 50 (7): p. 1114-1117; 1989 Jul. 
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Crossbreds; Water deprivation; Deprivation; Diet studies;
Serology; Biochemistry; Enzyme activity; Metabolites; Stress; Transport; Weight

Abstract:  Two hundred eighty-eight crossbred feeder pigs were used in 2 trials
to determine the effects of feed and/or water deprivation at an auction market,
and the effects of restricting the intake of the receiving diet on their serum
chemical profile. The study also was designed to assess the value of the serum
chemical profile as a diagnostic data base for stress disorders in feeder pigs.
Performance data indicated that feeder pigs provided water only at the auction
facilities lost significantly more weight than did those provided feed and
water. Feeder pigs deprived of both feed and water were not significantly
different in body weight from either group. Several serum chemical values
(creatinine, triglycerides, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, and lactate
dehydrogenase) were significantly influenced by feed deprivation, but not by
feed and water deprivation. However, only the serum creatinine values were
significantly different after the 24-hour post-transport period. There were no
significant differences in pig weight or serum chemical values 84 days after
pigs had arrived at the finishing unit. The serum chemical profile, widely used
in human medicine, appears not to provide a reliable marker for identification
of short-term nutritional deprivation, nor for transport stress in feeder pigs.


243                                    NAL Call. No.: SF379.M37

The shedhand's manual.
Martel, Rosalind
Queensland? : R. Martel?, c1989 (Moorooka, Qld. : Merino
Lithographics); 1989.
vi, 93 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. (Woolclassing today ; book 1).  Includes a
shedhand's logbook/reference.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep-shearing; Australia; Wool; Australia; Handling; Study and
teaching; Wool baling; Study and teaching; Shearing sheds; Australia; Sheep
shearers (Persons); Australia


244                            NAL Call. No.: SF85.4.A9G72 1985

Sheep and cattle handling facilities.
Hutson, G.D.
Indooroopilly, QLD : Australian Veterinary Association (Queensland
Division); 1985.
Grazing Animal Welfare Symposium : proceedings of a symposium held
at the
Bardon Professional Development Centre, Brisbane, on April 26th and
27th, 1985
/ [editors: Brian L. Moore and Peter J. Chenoweth]. p. 124-136.
ill; 1985.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Sheep; Cattle; Handling; Facilities; Design; Dipping;
Shearing sheds; Animal welfare


245                                    NAL Call. No.: SF371.S43

Sheep handling and facilities.
Grandin, T.
Boulder, Colo. : Westview Press; 1984.
Sheep and goat handbook v. 4: p. 399-412. ill; 1984.  Includes references.

Language:  English


246                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1990

Ship agent/broker viewpoint.
Carroll, D.W. Jr
Dallas, Tex.? : The Association; 1990.
Conference proceedings : Animal Transportation Association, April
22-25, 1990, 16th International Conference. p. 39-42; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Transport of animals; Livestock; Ships; Water transport


247                                 NAL Call. No.: A281.9 F76FO

Shipping cattle overseas: tips to make it easier.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1988 May.
Foreign agriculture - United States Department of Agriculture, Foreign
Agricultural Service v. 26 (5): p. 18-19. ill; 1988 May.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Sea transport; Crating; Stress; Drugs; Animal welfare;
Exports


248                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 J82

Shipping suppresses lymphocyte blastogenic responses in Angus and
Brahman x
Angus feeder calves.
Blecha, F.; Boyles. S.L.; Riley, J.G.
Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1984 Sep.
Journal of animal science v. 59 (3): p. 576-583; 1984 Sep.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Brahman; Crossbreds; Calves; Lymphocyte transformation; Transport
of animals; Immunity reactions


249                                 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 AL13P

Shrink.
Krieg, K.
Fairbanks, Alaska : The Service; 1988 May.
Publication - University of Alaska, Cooperative Extension Service
(A-00744): 2
p. ill; 1988 May.  In subseries: Alaska Livestock.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Weight losses; Transport of animals; Stress


250                                    NAL Call. No.: 49.9 AU72

Simulated ship transport--the effect of presenting the ration as
pellets on
the incidence of failure to eat.
Hodge, R.W.; Butler, K.L.; Kelly, A.P.; Beers, P.T.
Sydney : Pergamon Press; 1990.
Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production v. 18: p. 491; 1990. 
Meeting held on July 8-12, 1990, Adelaide, South Australia.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Water transport; Pelleted feeds; Starvation


251                                  NAL Call. No.: S544.3.O5O5

Slaughter hog pooling.
Ward, C.E.; Peel, D.S.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1992 Feb.
OSU extension facts - Cooperative Extension Service, Oklahoma State
University
(526): 6 p.; 1992 Feb.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Oklahoma; Pigs; Abattoirs; Transport; Pig farming; Cooperative
marketing


252                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1989

Some behavioral factors that contribute to livestock stress during
transportation.
Friend, T.H.
Lemoore, Calif. : Animal Air Transportation Association Inc., [1989?]; 1989.
15th International Conference, the Animal Air Transportation
Association Inc., April 9-12, 1989, San Antonio, Texas : proceedings. p. 41-42;
1989.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Animal behavior; Stress; Transport of animals; Animal
welfare


253                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V643

Some preslaughter factors affecting the occurrence of bruising in
sheep.
Cockram, M.S.; Lee, R.A.
London : Bailliere Tindall; 1991 Mar.
British veterinary journal v. 147 (2): p. 120-125; 1991 Mar.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Slaughter; Carcasses; Bruises; Animal behavior; Carcass
quality

Abstract:  The preslaughter handling and behaviour, and subsequent bruising was
observed in 49 groups of sheep in a commercial slaughterhouse. A greater
percentage of bruised carcases was found in lambs (71%) than in ewes (49%) (P<
0.01). A greater percentage of severely bruised carcases was found in lambs
from markets (20%) than in those direct from farms (12%) (P< 0.05). Significant
correlations were found between the occurrence of recent bruising and wool-
pulls during unloading, riding by another sheep, and hits and squashes against
structures at the slaughterhouse. However, even assuming that each potentially
traumatic event observed in the slaughterhouse caused a bruise, only about one-
quarter of the bruising could have been attributed to handling problems at the
slaughterhouse. Eight-eight per cent of all bruises were estimated to have been
caused within about 24 h of death, indicating that most bruising probably was
caused by handling problems during loading on the farm, during transit and
particularly at markets. 

254                                   NAL Call. No.: HD1401.A56

A spatiotemporal analysis for fed beef in the Southeastern United
States.
Commer, M. Jr
New York, N.Y. : John Wiley; 1991 Jan.
Agribusiness v. 7 (1): p. 71-89. maps; 1991 Jan.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Mississippi; Alabama; Georgia; Florida; Oklahoma; Calves; Beef
cattle; Meat and livestock industry; Feasibility studies; Spatial equilibrium
analysis; Optimization methods; Beef production; Regionalization; Supply
balance; Location theory; Cost analysis; Slaughter; Transport costs;
Estimation; Regional accounting; Mathematical models


255                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Standards for loading and unloading facilities for cattle.
Lapworth, J.W.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 203-211; 1990 Nov.
In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by
Graham Perry.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Loading; Unloading; Chutes; Structural design; Standards


256                                       NAL Call. No.: QP1.C6

Stimulation of L-tryptophan transport by di- and polysaccharides in
the small
intestine of chicks.
Kushak, R.; Basova, N.; Beker, V.; Feldmane, A.
Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1984.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. A: Comparative physiology
v. 79 (1): p. 185-187. ill; 1984.  Includes references.

Language:  English


257                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Stress in cattle assessed after handling, after transport and after
slaughter.
Mitchell, G.; Hattingh, J.; Ganhao, M.
London : The Association; 1988 Aug20.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary
Association v. 123
(8): p. 201-205; 1988 Aug20.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Stress; Handling; Transport of animals; Slaughter;
Hormones; Metabolites


258                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Stress of transportation for broilers (Chickens).
Freeman, B.M.; Kettlewell, P.J.; Manning, A.C.C.; Berry, P.S.
London : British Veterinary Association; Mar 24, 1984.
The Veterinary record v. 114 (12): p. 286-287. ill; Mar 24, 1984.  Includes
references.

Language:  English


259                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

The stress response in sheep during routine handling procedures.
Hargreaves, A.L.; Hutson, G.D.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Mar.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 26 (1/2): p. 83-90; 1990 Mar.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Stress; Animal husbandry; Hematocrit; Hydrocortisone; Blood
plasma; Animal welfare


260                                      NAL Call. No.: QP1.J62

Studies on experimental growth retardation in sheep. The effects of
a small
placenta in restricting transport to and growth of the fetus.
Harding, J.E.; Jones, C.T.; Robinson, J.S.
Oxford, Eng. : Oxford University Press; 1985 Dec.
Journal of developmental physiology v. 7 (6): p. 427-442. ill; 1985
Dec.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Fetus; Growth retardation; Placenta


261                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AC83

Studies on the availability, transport and utilization of oxygen in
low- and
high-flow septic shock in calves.
Sahay, P.N.; Kohli, R.N.
Budapest : Akademiai Kiado; 1984.
Acta veterinaria Hungarica v. 32 (3/4): p. 187-192; 1984.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Shock; Oxygen consumption


262                                      NAL Call. No.: 10 N81R

A study of the incidence of blemishes on bacon carcasses in
relation to
carcass classification, sex and lairage conditions.
Moss, B.W.; Trimble, D.
Belfast : Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland; 1988.
Record of agricultural research v. 36: p. 101-107. ill; 1988.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Northern ireland; Pigs; Leanness; Sex; Skins; Injuries; Fighting;
Stress; Transport of animals; Bruising; Carcass grading; Damage; Handling


263                                      NAL Call. No.: SF89.S9

Sudan's southern stock route an environmental impact assessment.
El Khalifa, M. D.; Ford, Richard; Khogali, Mustafa Mohammed
Jami'at al-Khartum, Ma'had al-Dirasat al-Bi'iyah, United States, Agency for
International Development
Khartoum ; Worcester, Mass. : The Institute, in collaboration with
Program for
International Development, Clark University,; 1985.
xi, 265 p. : ill., maps (some folded) ; 23 cm.  Bibliography: p.
221-224.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Sudan; Cattle; Sudan; Transportation; Livestock; Sudan;
Marketing; Environmental impact analysis; Sudan


264                                   NAL Call. No.: HV4701.I57

Suffering of millions of sheep on floating death ships from
Australia and New
Zealand continues; protests needed for ban on shipments.
Clarks Summit, Pa. : The Society; 1986 Sep.
International Society for Animal Rights report. p. 1. ill; 1986
Sep.

Language:  English

Descriptors: New Zealand; Australia; Sheep; Animal welfare; Stress; Pain;
Transport; Boats and ships


265                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V643

Suppression of bovine lymphocyte and macrophage functions by sera
from
road-transported calves.
Murata, H.; Hirose, H.
London : Bailliere Tindall; 1991 Sep.
British veterinary journal v. 147 (5): p. 455-462; 1991 Sep.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Road transport; Blood serum; Lymphocytes; Macrophages;
Neutrophils; Lymphocyte transformation; Cytochrome c; Suppression

Abstract:  Sera from calves which had been transported for 48 h resulted in
impaired mitogen-stimulated blastogenesis of bovine lymphocytes and cytochrome
c reduction activity of bovine alveolar macrophages. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed the appearance of 33 kDa
and 20 kDa proteins in most of the sera after transportation. The proteins
could have been related to the serum suppression.


266                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V643

Suppression of lymphocyte blastogenesis by sera from calves
transported by
road.
Murata, H.
London : Bailliere Tindall; 1989 May.
British veterinary journal v. 145 (3): p. 257-262; 1989 May.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Transport of animals; Lymphocyte transformation;
Lymphocytes; Blood serum; Immunosuppression; Road transport


267                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

A survey of Australian and New Zealand livestock exports.
Ashby, B.H.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1986 Apr28.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (12th): p. 60; 1986 Apr28.

Language:  English

Descriptors: New Zealand; Livestock; Exports; Animal health; Animal welfare;
Surveys; Transport of animals


268                                   NAL Call. No.: 47.8 AM33P

Survey of turkey downgrading at slaughter: carcass defects and
associations
with transport, toenail trimming, and type of bird.
McEwen, S.A.; Barbut, S.
Champaign, Ill. : Poultry Science Association; 1992 Jul.
Poultry science v. 71 (7): p. 1107-1115; 1992 Jul.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Turkeys; Carcass grading; Carcass quality; Bruises; Broilers;
Transport of animals; Stocking density; Defects; Animal husbandry

Abstract:  For 18 mo, tom, hen, and broiler turkeys processed in a single
abattoir were observed for carcass defects resulting in downgrading. Samples of
100 turkeys per truckload were used to determine the proportion of turkeys
requiring wing trim, half wing trim, and trimming for bruised drums, breast
blisters, or breast buttons, leg, breast, or back scratches, and leg edema.
Bird type (hen, tom, or broiler), truck, time on truck, farm of origin, and
trimming of toenails and spurs were also noted. Multiple least squares linear
regression was used to assess the associations among truck, time on truck,
space per bird on truck, toenail trimming, spur clipping, and proportions of
truckloads of turkeys with carcass defects. The effect of farm and bird type
were adjusted for in regression models. Overall, downgrading was observed to be
a significant problem in turkey production and processing. Among toms, hens,
and broilers there were substantial differences in the rates of bruised drums,
breast buttons or blisters, back and leg scratches, and leg edema. Toenail
trimming was associated with reduced breast and leg scratches and spur clipping
was associated with reduced back scratches. Increased time birds were held on
trucks was associated with increased half wing trim and bruised drums. Few
associations were observed among downgrading defects, the various trucks used
during the study, and space available to birds on trucks.


269                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A

Suspected ciliary dysfunction in Chinese Shar Pei pups with
pneumonia.
Dhein, C.R.; Prieur, D.J.; Riggs, M.W.; Potter, K.A.; Widders, P.R.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1990
Mar.
American journal of veterinary research v. 51 (3): p. 439-446. ill; 1990 Mar. 
Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Dogs; Pups; Pneumonia; Respiratory system; Abnormalities; Disease
resistance

Abstract:  Chronic pneumonia was investigated in a litter of young Chinese Shar
Pei in which 4 of 6 dogs were affected. Serum immunoglobulin concentrations
(IgA, IgG, IgM) determined by radial immunodiffusion varied over time, but were
not consistently lower in affected dogs, compared with control dogs. Two dogs
that died had hydrocephalus and lymphoid depletion, in addition to severe
bronchopneumonia. Evaluation of ciliary ultrastructure in 2 affected dogs
revealed random orientation of adjacent respiratory tract or oviductal cilia
and a greater number of microtubular disarrangements, compared with control
dogs. In vivo tracheal mucociliary clearance of 99mtechnetium macroaggregated
albumin was absent in 1 dog examined. The ciliary abnormalities were suspected
to have resulted in an inefficient mucociliary transport system predisposing to
the development of pneumonia. Further evaluation of 1 Chinese Shar Pei revealed
lymphocyte mitogenesis results that were not consistently less than those of a
control dog, normal total hemolytic complement values, and normal blood
neutrophil chemotaxis.


270                                   NAL Call. No.: S605.5.A43

Sustainable swine production in the U.S. corn belt.
Honeyman, M.S.
Greenbelt, Md. : Institute for Alternative Agriculture; 1991.
American journal of alternative agriculture v. 6 (2): p. 63-70; 1991.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Iowa; Pigs; Animal production; Sustainability; Alternative
farming; Animal husbandry; Pig feeding; Feeds; Pig manure; Waste utilization;
Cycling; Nutrients; Animal housing; Animal health; Animal welfare; Animal
behavior; Genetic variation; Profitability; Environmental impact

Abstract:  Swine production is a major component of Corn Belt agriculture: thus
development of a sustainable Corn Belt agriculture depends on sustainable swine
production systems. Swine are versatile enough to adapt to sustainable
concepts, and swine production raises several opportunities to enhance
sustainability. These include: 1) feeding with increased use of forages and by-
product feeds; 2) nutrient cycling through improved handling of manure; 3) low-
capital housing systems that offer an improved environment for the operator and
reduced financial risk; 4) management systems suited to the swine's behavior;
and 5) preventive approaches to swine health and a broader genetic base. The
challenge beyond identifying the opportunities is research and technology
transfer and incorporation of sustainable concepts into ecologically based
swine production systems.


271                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1593

Swine handling and transportation Livestock Conservation Institute
; producer, Temple Grandin ; production services, Bernetta Communications,
Inc..
Livestock handling guide Livestock trucking guide Handling pigs
Grandin, Temple
Bernetta Communications, Livestock Conservation Institute
Madison, Wis. : The Institute, [c1989?]; 1989.
1 videocassette (21 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 3 guides.  Guides
are
entitled: Livestock handling guide, Livestock trucking guide, and
Handling
pigs.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Swine

Abstract:  Describes basic principles of pig behavior including vision, flight
zone, reaction to noise, and following behavior. Shows various handling and
transportation practices that reduce bruises, decrease injuries, and increase
efficiency.


272                                      NAL Call. No.: 100 OK4

Syntabac for stressed stocker cattle.
Johnson, B.D.; Gill, D.R.; Smith, R.A.; Ball, R.L.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Station; 1990 Jun.
Annual report - Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station (129): p.
221-226; 1990 Jun.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Transport of animals; Stress response; Intestinal
microorganisms; Probiotics; Treatment; Liveweight gain; Feed
intake; Feed
conversion efficiency; Morbidity; Mortality; Disease control


273                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 J82

Teaching principles of behavior and equipment design for handling
livestock.
Grandin, T.
Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1993 Apr.
Journal of animal science v. 71 (4): p. 1065-1070; 1993 Apr.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Animal behavior; Senses; Livestock; Handling; Stress factors;
Animal housing; Design; Slaughter

Abstract:  A course is described in which students are taught principles of
livestock behavior and how an understanding of behavior can facilitate
handling. Some of the principles that are covered in the course are livestock
senses, flight zone, herd behavior during handing, and methods to reduce stress
during handling. To teach problem solving and original thinking, the students
design three different types of handling facilities. Design of restraint
equipment and humane slaughter procedures are also covered. Both existing
systems and ideas for future systems are discussed. Students are provided with
information from both scientific studies and practical
experience.


274                                    NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94

A technique for serial sampling of cerebrospinal fluid from
conscious swine
and sheep.
Prelusky, D.B.; Hartin, K.E.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal
Science; 1991 Oct.
Laboratory animal science v. 41 (5): p. 481-485; 1991 Oct.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Sheep; Cerebrospinal fluid; Sequential sampling; Catheters

Abstract:  We devised a method for the atraumatic repeated collection of
cerebrospinal fluid samples from conscious swine and sheep. Indwelling needles,
with injection caps, were secured intracisternally and protected with plastic
"crowns" attached to their skulls. The crowns permitted the animals freer
movement with minimal risk of damage to the needles. With sheep, cerebrospinal
fluid was withdrawn directly by puncturing the selfsealing injection caps
attached to the hubs of the fixed needles. With the pigs, which are less
amenable to handling, lengths of sterile polyethylene tubing inserted into the
fixed needles enable collection without continuously disturbing the pigs.
Serial samples were withdrawn from sheep (.10 to .30 ml) for up to 3 weeks with
no problems, and from pigs (.05 to .15 ml) for 8 to 12 days, until the cannulae
failed.


275                                     NAL Call. No.: 47.8 B77

Thermal stress on chickens in transit.
Webster, A.J.F.; Tuddenham, A.; Saville, C.A.; Scott, G.B.
Oxfordshire : Carfax Publishing Company; 1993 May.
British poultry science v. 34 (2): p. 267-277; 1993 May.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Chickens; Transport of animals; Stress; Air flow


276                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AU72

Thiamine deficiency in sheep exported live by sea.
Thomas, K.W.; Kelly, A.P.; Beers, P.T.; Brennan, R.G.
Brunswick, Victoria : Australian Veterinary Association; 1990 Jun.
Australian veterinary journal v. 67 (6): p. 215-218; 1990 Jun.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Australia; Middle east; Sheep; Thiamine; Vitamin deficiency;
Transport of animals; Sea transport; Thiaminase; Exports


277                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Time in lairage needed by pigs to recover from the stress of
transport.
Warriss, P.D.; Brown, S.N.; Edwards, J.E.; Anil, M.H.; Fordham, D.P.
London : The Association; 1992 Aug29.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary
Association v. 131
(9): p. 194-196; 1992 Aug29.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Transport of animals; Stress; Recovery; Time; Blood; Lactic
acid; Creatine kinase; Hydrocortisone; Endorphins


278                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Time spent by broiler chickens in transit to processing plants.
Warriss, P.D.; Bevis, E.A.; Brown, S.N.
London : The Association; 1990 Dec22.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary
Association v. 127
(25/26): p. 617-619; 1990 Dec22.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Uk; Broilers; Transport of animals; Transit time; Distance
travelled; Animal welfare


279                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Tonic immobility in spent hens after catching and transport.
Mills, D.S.; Nicol, C.J.
London : The Association; 1990 Mar03.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary
Association v. 126
(9): p. 210-212; 1990 Mar03.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Hens; Transport of animals; Stress; Tests; Immobilization


280                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AV5

Tracheal mucus transport rate and bacterial clearance in turkeys
exposed by
aerosol to La Sota strain of Newcastle disease virus.
Ficken, M.D.; Edwards, J.F.; Lay, J.C.; Tveter, D.E.
Kennett Square, Pa. : American Association of Avian Pathologists; 1987 Apr.
Avian diseases v. 31 (2): p. 241-248. ill; 1987 Apr.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Turkeys; Newcastle disease virus; Aerosols; Vaccines; Mucosa;
Transport; Trachea; Lungs; Air sacs; Escherichia coli


281                                    NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3

Transport and handling of livestock, January 1979-February 1990.
Clingerman, K.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1990 Apr.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculure, National
Agricultural Library (U.S.). (90-39): 25 p.; 1990 Apr.
Bibliography.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Transport of animals; Handling


282                                    NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3

Transport and handling of livestock--January 1979-June 1991.
Clingerman, K.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1991 Aug.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National
Agricultural Library (U.S.). (91-143): 27 p.; 1991 Aug.  Updates QB
90-39.
Bibliography.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock transporters; Transport of animals; Handling;
Bibliographies


283                                    NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3

Transport and handling of livestock--January 1981-July 1992.
Berry, D.J.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1992 Aug.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National
Agricultural Library (U.S.). (92-57): 40 p.; 1992 Aug.  Updates QB
91-143.
Bibliography.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Transport of animals; Bibliographies


284                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V643

Transport and lairage times in British slaughter pigs.
Warriss, P.D.; Bevis, E.A.
London : Bailliere Tindall; 1986 Mar.
British veterinary journal v. 142 (2): p. 124-130; 1986 Mar.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: United  Kingdom; Pigs; Handling; Transport; Slaughter;
Preslaughter weight; Abattoirs; Rest


285                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V641

Transport and lairage times of lambs slaughtered commercially in
the south of
England.
Warriss, P.D.; Bevis, E.A.; Young, C.S.
London : The Association; 1990 Jul07.
The Veterinary record : journal of the British Veterinary
Association v. 127
(1): p. 5-8; 1990 Jul07.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: England; Lambs; Transport of animals; Slaughter; Distance
travelled; Time


286                                    NAL Call. No.: SF600.C82

The transport of deer.
Fletcher, T.J.
Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1988.
Current topics in veterinary medicine and animal science v. 48: p.
181-190; 1988.  In the series analytic: The management and health of farmed
deer /
edited by H.W. Reid.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Deer; Transport of animals; Animal welfare; Stress; Air transport;
Road transport; Livestock transporters; Disease resistance


287                                       NAL Call. No.: SF1.L5

Transport of pigs by car for two days: some aspects of watering and
loading
density.
Lamboody, E.; Garssen, G.J.; Walstra, P.; Mateman, G.; Merkus, G.S.M.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.; 1985 Oct.
Livestock production science v. 13 (3): p. 289-299; 1985 Oct.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Netherlands; Pigs; Long distance transport; Road transport; Water;
Loading cars; Density; Animal physiology; Weight losses


288                            NAL Call. No.: FICHE 290.9 AM32P

Transport phenomena equations for describing natural ventilation in
livestock
buildings.
Janni, K.A.; Bussmann, K.M.
St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1984.
Paper - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (Microfiche
collection)
(84-4530): 18 p.; 1984.  Paper presented at the 1984 Winter Meeting
of the
American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Available for purchase
from: The
American Society of Agricultural Engineers, Order Dept., 2950 Niles
Road,.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Mathematical models; Livestock housing; Natural ventilation


289                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1989

Transportation & handling of livestock.
Ashby, B.H.
Lemoore, Calif. : Animal Air Transportation Association Inc., [1989?]; 1989.
15th International Conference, the Animal Air Transportation
Association Inc., April 9-12, 1989, San Antonio, Texas : proceedings. p. 24-32;
1989.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Transport of animals; Handling; Animal welfare


290                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Transportation as a stressor in swine.
Becker, A.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1985 Mar18.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (11th): p. 26-28; 1985 Mar18.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Transport of animals; Stress; Cortisol; Circadian rhythm


291                              NAL Call. No.: HV4704.A54 1986

The transportation of animals (including exotics) by air.
Harris, T.C.
London : BVA Animal Welfare Foundation, [1986?]; 1986.
The proceedings of the Animal Welfare Foundation's Third Symposium
: entitled
The welfare of animals in transit, held on 19 November 1986 /
edited by T.E.
Gibson ; assist editor, D.A. Paterson ; secretary, Gill McConville.
p. 16-32; 1986. (Symposia series ; 1).  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Exotics; Transport of animals; Air transport; Aircraft;
Loading; Crates; Ventilation; Temperatures; Disinfection; Animal welfare


292                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Transportation of broilers with special reference to mortality
rates.
Bayliss, P.A.; Hinton, M.H.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 93-118; 1990 Nov.
In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by
Graham Perry.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Broilers; Mortality; Transport of animals; Handling; Transit time;
Environmental temperature; Relative humidity


293                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Transportation of cattle by road.
Tarrant, P.V.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 153-170; 1990 Nov.
In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by
Graham Perry.
Literature review.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Transport of animals; Road transport; Stress; Animal
welfare; Space requirements; Carcass quality; Dark cutting meat; Weight losses;
Mortality; Pasteurellosis


294                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1989

Transportation of pigs from China.
Bailey, W.A.
Lemoore, Calif. : Animal Air Transportation Association Inc., [1989?]; 1989.
15th International Conference, the Animal Air Transportation
Association Inc., April 9-12, 1989, San Antonio, Texas : proceedings. p. 35-38;
1989.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: China; Pigs; Transport of animals; Animal welfare; Air transport


295                                   NAL Call. No.: 47.8 AM33P

Turkey downgrading: effect of truck cage location and unloading.
Barbut, S.; McEwen, S.A.; Julian, R.J.
Champaign, Ill. : Poultry Science Association; 1990 Aug.
Poultry science v. 69 (8): p. 1410-1413; 1990 Aug.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Turkeys; Transport of animals; Cages; Wounds; Carcass grading;
Carcass quality


296                                NAL Call. No.: SF61.M35 1988

Turkeys., 3rd ed.
Nixey, C.
London : Bailliere Tindall; 1988.
Management and welfare of farm animals. p. 233-242. ill; 1988.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: United  Kingdom; Turkeys; Reproductive performance; Nutritional
requirements; Environment; Handling; Disease prevention


297                                    NAL Call. No.: 49.9 AU72

Turn off from cattle properties in Cape York Peninsula: improvement
possibilities.
Boorman, A.J.; Hosegood, G.J.
Sydney : Pergamon Press; 1986.
Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production v. 16: p. 155-158;
1986.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Queensland; Beef cattle; Animal production; Cattle husbandry;
Returns; Mortality; Botulism; Nutrient deficiencies; Phosphorus; Early weaning;
Liveweight gains; Transport of animals; Economic analysis


298                      NAL Call. No.: 105.8 B644 1984 [no.52]

Uberprufung einer Methode zur Beurteilung des Gefieders von
Legehennen unter
Verwendung eines nach verschiedenen Herkunften und Behandlungen
strukturierten
Tiermaterials  [Examination of methods for diagnosing plumage loss
of laying
hens and the use of one such method on different origins and
handling of
structured animal materials].
Conson, Marieluise, Bonn : [s.n.],; 1984.
iii, 128 p. : ill. ; 21 cm.. (Inaugural-Dissertation / Universitat
Bonn.
Landwirtschaftliche Fakultat ; 1984, [no. 52]).  Summaries in
English and
French.  Includes vita.  Bibliography: 117-124.

Language:  German


299                       NAL Call. No.: 41.2 H198 1985 [no.34]

Untersuchungen uber Behandlung und Verbleib von Rindern mit
Nierenerkrankungen
 [Studies of handling and hospitalization of cattle with renal
diseases].
Ritter, Sabine
Hannover : [s.n.],; 1985.
91, [3] p. : ill. ; 21 cm.. (Inaugural-Dissertation / Tierarztliche
Hochschule
Hannover ; 1985, [no. 34]).  English summary.  Bibliography: p.
82-91.

Language:  German


300                        NAL Call. No.: 41.2 H198 1987 [no.8]

Untersuchungen uber den Transport von Natrium durch das isolierte
Pansenepithel von Schafen Hinweise fur einen Na+/H+ Austausch in
der luminalen
Membran  [Studies about the transport of sodium across the isolated
rumen
epithelium of sheep].
Strozyk, Barbara-Maria
Hannover : [s.n.],; 1987.
iii, 75 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. (Inaugural-Dissertation / Tierarztliche
Hochschule
Hannover ; 1987 [no. 8]).  English summary.  Bibliography: p.
61-72.

Language:  German


301                       NAL Call. No.: 41.2 H198 1986 [no.16]

Untersuchungen uber die Wirksamkeit von Vasopressin auf die
Schlundrinnenkontraktion beim erwachsenen Rind und deren Nutzung
bei der
Behandlung an Durchfall erkrankter Patienten  [The effectiveness of
Vasopressin on esophageal groove contraction in growing cattle and
its use in
handling patients with diarrhea].
Mikhail, Michel
Hannover : [s.n.],; 1986.
184 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. (Inaugural-Dissertation / Tierarztliche
Hochschule
Hannover ; 1986, [no. 16]).  English and French summaries.
Bibliography: p.
128-152.

Language:  German


302                                   NAL Call. No.: RA1190.T62

Uptake and vascular transport of ingested aflatoxin.
Wilson, R.; Ziprin, R.; Ragsdale, S.; Busbee, D.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1985 Dec.
Toxicology letters v. 29 (2/3): p. 169-176; 1985 Dec.  Includes 20
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Aflatoxins; Uptake; Vascular system


303                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1990

U.S. Agriculture Policy in the 1990's.
Smith, J.A.R.
Dallas, Tex.? : The Association; 1990.
Conference proceedings : Animal Transportation Association, April
22-25, 1990, 16th International Conference. p. 12-15; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: U.S.A.; Agricultural policy; Trade policy; Livestock; Transport of
animals; Animal welfare


304                         NAL Call. No.: HE9788.4.A55A54 1990

USDA perspective.
Winegar, G.O.
Dallas, Tex.? : The Association; 1990.
Conference proceedings : Animal Transportation Association, April
22-25, 1990, 16th International Conference. p. 44-45; 1990.

Language:  English

Descriptors: U.S.A.; Transport of animals; Livestock; Water transport;
Regulations


305                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A

Use of a multivariable indexing score for hygiene variables in
relation to egg
production.
Mohammed, H.O.; Carpenter, T.E.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1991
Jun.
American journal of veterinary research v. 52 (6): p. 970-973; 1991
Jun.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: California; Fowls; Egg production; Hygiene; Indexes; Ventilation;
Cooling systems; Poultry manure; Trucks

Abstract:  An indexing system for hygiene variables associated with egg
production was developed by use of datacollected from chicken flocks in
southern California. The data were analyzed by factor and regression analysis.
On the basis of our findings, hygiene index in relation to egg production
consists of ventilation system, cooling system, manure removal, and truck
movement. Flocks kept under natural ventilation produced, on the average, 2%
more hen-day eggs than flocks kept under artificial ventilation. Flocks placed
in houses with roof sprinklers produced 3.3% more hen-day eggs, compared with
flocks placed in houses with inside foggers and pad. Flocks kept under the
system of frequent removal of manure produced 2% more hen-day eggs than flocks
kept under the system for which the manure was removed less frequently. Flocks
kept in farms that restricted trucks collecting dead birds from entering the
premises produced 3.4% more hen-day eggs than those that allowed such trucks to
enter the farm.


306                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

Use of aversion-learning techniques to measure distress in sheep.
Rushen, J.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 3-14; 1990 Nov.
In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by
Graham Perry.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Animal welfare; Stress; Transport of animals; Learning;
Avoidance conditioning


307                                     NAL Call. No.: S671.A33

The use of wind tunnel modelling to improve the transport
environment in
roadtrains carrying livestock on unsealed roads.
Town, W.K.; Lapworth, J.W.
Victoria : Agricultural Engineering Society; 1990.
Agricultural engineering Australia v. 19 (2): p. 11-13; 1990.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Livestock; Transport; Railways; Air flow; Wind tunnels;
Models; Roads


308                                     NAL Call. No.: SF601.B6

Using cattle psychology to aid handling.
Grandin, T.
Santa Barbara, Calif. : Veterinary Practice Publishing Company; 1987.
Agri-Practice v. 8 (5): p. 32-36. ill; 1987.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Cattle; Handling; Animal behavior; Perception; Stress; Guidelines


309                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Veterinary requirements for international shipment of livestock.
Christy, J.E.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1984 Apr24.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (10th): p. 51-54; 1984 Apr24.

Language:  English

Descriptors: U.S.A.; Livestock; Transport of animals; International transport;
Animal health; Quarantine; Inspection; Regulations; International trade;
Certification


310                                   NAL Call. No.: 41.8 V6439

Vplyv osetrenia jatocnych osipanych pred zabitim na kvalitu a
hmotnostne
straty masa  [Effect of pre-slaughter treatment of slaughter
animals on meat
quality and weight losses of meat].
Siksa, J.; Izak, S.
Praha : Statni zemedelske nakladatelstvi; 1984.
Veterinarstvi v. 34 (7): p. 314-315; 1984.  Includes references.

Language:  Slovak

Descriptors: Preslaughter weight; Meat quality; Animal welfare; Transport of
animals; Pigs


311                                     NAL Call. No.: S671.A66

Water application rates for a sprinkler and fan dairy cooling
system in hot, humid climates.
Means, S.L.; Bucklin, R.A.; Nordstedt, R.A.; Beede, D.K.; Bray, D.R.; Wilcox,
C.J.; Sanchez, W.K.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1992 May.
Applied engineering in agriculture v. 8 (3): p. 375-379; 1992 May.  Includes
references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Dairy cows; Heat stress; Dairy performance; Cooling systems;
Evaporative cooling; Water use

Abstract:  Three water application rates were compared for a sprinkler and fan
dairy cooling system in an open-sided feed barn in a hot, humid climate. The
effects of cooling were monitored on 36 mid-lactation, Holstein dairy cows for
water application rates of 313.4, 492.9, and 704.1 L/h per nozzle at 69 kPa
(1.4, 2.2, and 3.1 gpm at 10 psi) per nozzle. No statistically significant
differences were detected between water application rates for daily milk yield,
daily 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield, dry matter intake, fat yield, protein
yield, percent protein, respiration rate, and rectal temperature. The
percentage of milk fat was significantly affected by water application rate.
These results indicate that sprinkler and fan cooling systems can provide
effective heat stress relief at the lowest water application rate tested, thus,
reducing the amount of water consumed and the amount of waste water that must
be handled.


312                              NAL Call. No.: HV4704.A54 1986

The welfare during transport of broilers, old hens and replacement
pullets.
Swarbrick, O.
London : BVA Animal Welfare Foundation, [1986?]; 1986.
The proceedings of the Animal Welfare Foundation's Third Symposium
: entitled
The welfare of animals in transit, held on 19 November 1986 /
edited by T.E.
Gibson ; assist editor, D.A. Paterson ; secretary, Gill McConville.
p. 82-97; 1986. (Symposia series ; 1).  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: United  Kingdom; Broilers; Hens; Pullets; Animal welfare;
Legislation; Transport of animals; Vehicles; Crates; Loading; Environment 

313                                     NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6

The welfare of calves during handling and transport.
Trunkfield, H.R.; Broom, D.M.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1990 Nov.
Applied animal behaviour science v. 28 (1/2): p. 135-152; 1990 Nov.
In the
special issue: Transport and pre-slaughter handling / edited by
Graham Perry.
Literature review.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Calves; Animal welfare; Handling; Stress; Transport of animals


314                              NAL Call. No.: HV4704.A54 1986

The welfare of pigs in transit.
Bateson, A.
London : BVA Animal Welfare Foundation, [1986?]; 1986.
The proceedings of the Animal Welfare Foundation's Third Symposium
: entitled
The welfare of animals in transit, held on 19 November 1986 /
edited by T.E.
Gibson ; assist editor, D.A. Paterson ; secretary, Gill McConville.
p. 65-68; 1986. (Symposia series ; 1).  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Pigs; Transport of animals; Vehicles; Containers; Environment;
Animal welfare


315                              NAL Call. No.: HV4704.A54 1986

Welfare problems in calf transportation.
Ewbank, R.
London : BVA Animal Welfare Foundation, [1986?]; 1986.
The proceedings of the Animal Welfare Foundation's Third Symposium
: entitled
The welfare of animals in transit, held on 19 November 1986 /
edited by T.E.
Gibson ; assist editor, D.A. Paterson ; secretary, Gill McConville.
p. 51-59.
ill., maps; 1986. (Symposia series ; 1).  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: United  Kingdom; Europe; Calves; Transport of animals; Stress;
Animal health; Law; Trade


316                              NAL Call. No.: HV4704.A54 1986

Welfare problems relevant to the transport of sheep.
Lewis, C.J.
London : BVA Animal Welfare Foundation, [1986?]; 1986.
The proceedings of the Animal Welfare Foundation's Third Symposium
: entitled
The welfare of animals in transit, held on 19 November 1986 /
edited by T.E.
Gibson ; assist editor, D.A. Paterson ; secretary, Gill McConville.
p. 60-64; 1986. (Symposia series ; 1).

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Transport of animals; Loading; Unloading; Vehicles; Animal
welfare; Animal feeding; Water intake


317                                   NAL Call. No.: TL720.7.A5

Who is responsible when problems occur? - claims and liability
(i.e., you have
a problem, what do you do now?).
Wooller, A.H.
Fort Washington, Md. : The Animal Air Transportation Association; 1986 Apr28.
Proceedings of the ... International Conference of the Animal Air
Transportation Association (12th): p. 23-24; 1986 Apr28.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Livestock; Transport of animals; Liabilities; Insurance; Animal
health


318                                   NAL Call. No.: S542.A1N45

A work study analysis of sheep handling operations.
Wall, G.L.
Wellington : Department of Scientific and Industrial Research; 1986.
New Zealand journal of experimental agriculture v. 14 (4): p.
481-483; 1986.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: New Zealand; Sheep; Sheep management; Time allocation; Handling


319                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 M69

Working up the subfertile dairy herd: assessing estrus detection
and semen
handling.
Gaines, J.D.
Lenexa, Kan. : Veterinary Medicine Publishing Company; 1989 Jun.
Veterinary medicine v. 84 (6): p. 636-644. ill; 1989 Jun.  Includes references.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Dairy cattle; Reproductive disorders; Estrus; Detection;
Artificial insemination; Semen; Techniques; Gonadotropin releasing
hormone; Reproductive ability


320                                 NAL Call. No.: SF375.5.A8Y3

Yards n'yakka..  Yards and yakka
Casey, Mark F.; Hamilton, Geoffrey R.
Mt Lawley, W.A. : Kondinin Group,; 1990.
382 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm.  Caption title.  "The sheep yard
and
handling systems manual"--cover.  August 1990.  Includes indexes.

Language:  English

Descriptors: Sheep; Farm buildings


321                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 EX7

Zur Aussagekraft quantitativ-morphologischer Herzuntersuchungen an
normalgeschlachteten und transporttoten Schweinen der Schwerfurter Fleischrasse
(vormals Linie 150)  [Informative potential of quantitative-Morphological heart
checks on Normally slaughtered pigs and transport casualties of the Schwerfurt
Baconer breed (former Line 150)].
Berg, R.; Pehlemann, K.
Leipzig, E. Ger. : S. Hirzel; 1988.
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin v. 42 (5): p. 718-724; 1988. 
Includes references.

Language:  German

Descriptors: German democratic republic; Pigs; Abattoirs; Death; Heart;
Histopathology; Inspection; Postmortem examinations; Slaughter

AUTHOR INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX

AWIC

Animal Welfare Information Center
United States Department of Agriculture
National Agricultural Library

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