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City Guide - Warsaw - History | ||
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History 1025 Boleslaw the Brave is crowned as the first King of Poland 1374 Warsaw is founded 1413 Warsaw becomes capital of Mazovia 1569 Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania unite as the Republic of Two Nations 1572 King Zygmunt II August dies heirless - end of Jagiellonian dynasty; beginning of Polish Baroque period 1596 Warsaw becomes Poland's capital when King Zygmunt III Waza (Vasa) makes it his permanent residence 1655 Warsaw is destroyed during the war with Sweden 1683 Jan III Sobieski breaks the Turks' siege of Vienna 1696 Death of Jan III Sobieski 1764-72 Reign of Stanislaw August Poniatowski, the last King of Poland 1791 Democratic constitution is passed by the Sejm 1794 Tadeusz Kosciuszko leads the insurrection against the partitioners of Poland 1795 Third partition - Poland ceases to exist until 1918. Warsaw is under Prussian rule 1807 Duchy of Warsaw is established under Napoleon with Warsaw as its capital 1810 Chopin is born just outside of Warsaw 1815 Congress Kingdom of Poland is established, but is ruled by the Russian tsar 1830 & 1863 Armed uprising against Russian rule 1918 Poland regains its independence and Warsaw becomes capital of the Second Republic 1939-45 Nazi German occupation begins; Jews are forced to live in a walled-in ghetto and then sent to concentration camps 1943 Liquidation of the Jewish ghetto; remaining 300,000 are sent to their deaths at Treblinka concentration camp 1944 Warsaw uprising lasts 63 days - 200,000 people are killed; entire population is deported and city is destroyed 1945 Warsaw is liberated and becomes the capital again 1955 Stalin builds the Palace of Culture 1981 Solidarity movement begins; martial law is imposed 1989 Free elections mark the end of the communist regime |