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City Guide - Vienna - History | ||
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History c. 23,000BC 'Venus of Willendorf' is sculpted c. AD100 Vindobona is established as a Roman military camp c. 800 Charlemagne establishes the Carolingian March 976 Babenbergs are given power over parts of present-day Austria 1132 First recorded vineyard in Vienna 1156 Duchy of Austria is declared 1192 Leopold V holds Richard the Lionheart to ransom, then uses the money to fortify Vienna and Wiener Neustadt 1278 Rudolf von Hapsburg first takes power 1282 Rudolf gives his sons the duchies of Austria and Styria 1365 University of Vienna is founded 1433 St Stephen's Cathedral is completed 1498 Vienna Boys' Choir is founded by Maximilian I 1522 Hapsburg dynasty splits into Austrian and Spanish branches 1526 Austrian Hapsburgs inherit Bohemia and Hungary 1529 Turks besiege Vienna 1683 Turks beseige Vienna again 1713 Schönbrunn Palace is constructed 1716-39 Construction of the Karlskirche 1740-90 Empress Maria-Theresa ('Mother of the Country') and her son, Josef II, oversee reforms in Vienna1784 Josef II officially recognises Heurigen and allows them to establish their own prices for the wine sold on their premises 1791 Mozart dies in Vienna 1804 Emperor Franz I establishes the Empire of Austria 1805 and 1809 Vienna is occupied by Napoleon's armies 1814-15 Congress of Vienna 1848 Emperor puts down citizens' revolt 1848-1916 Austrian Empire is ruled by Emperor Franz Joseph 1857-65 City walls are demolished and are replaced by Ringstrasse and its buildings 1867 Johann Strauss composes the Blue Danube waltz 1867 Dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary comes into being 1897 Secession art movement is formed 1899 The death of Johann Strauss 1907 The first Postbus service was inaugurated on 6 August in what is now South Tyrol (Italy) 1918 Austrian Empire is dismantled; end of the Hapsburg dynasty; the republic of Austria is proclaimed 1918-34 The 'Red Vienna' period of socialism 1938-45 The Anschluss - Austria is annexed by Nazi Germany 1945-55 Vienna regains independence but is divided into zones and occupied by Russia, UK, USA and France 1979 UN City opens 1995 Austria becomes a member of the European Union |