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History

History

9th C
The Wislanie (a Slavonic tribe) inhabit a fortified town on the Wawel

1000
Cracow's bishopric is founded

1025
Boleslaw the Brave crowned as the first King of Poland

mid-11th C
Wawel becomes the residence of the Polish kings

1241
A trumpeter is shot by an arrow while warning of the Tartar raid; a Cracow raftsman kills the Tartar Khan

1257
Cracow receives its charter and the Old Town's streets are laid out

13th C
The Salt-Works Castle is built in Wieliczka

1333-70
Reign of King Kazimierz Wielki (the Great)

1335
Charter for the Town of Kazimierz is granted

1364
King Kazimierz III the Great (1333-70) founds the Cracow Academy; Council of Monarchs

1491-95
Copernicus studies at Jagiellonian University

1495
Jews moved to Kazimierz ghetto

1501-06
Reign of King Alexander

1504-36
Wawel Castle assumes its present shape

1506-48
Reign of King Sigismund I the Old

1548-72
Reign of King Sigismund II Augustus

1569
Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania unite as the Republic of Two Nations

1572
King Sigismund II August dies heirless - end of Jagiellonian dynasty; beginning of Polish Baroque period

1609
King Sigismund III Wasa leaves to take up residence in Warsaw

1655-58
Swedes invade Poland and pillage Cracow

1683
Jan Sobieski breaks Turks siege of Vienna

1703-21
Swedes at war with Poland again

1772
First partition of Poland

1776
Austrian occupation of Cracow

1794
General Tadeusz Kosciuszko incites revolution

1795 After the third partition of Poland, Wawel is used as an Austrian barracks for almost a century

1815-46
The region enjoys limited autonomy as a free city - the Republic of Cracow

1846
Cracow is incorporated into Austro-Hungarian province of Galicia

1868
Galicia is granted autonomy within the empire

1905
Austrian army departs from Wawel Castle

6 Sep 1939
Nazis invade the city

1940
Planning for Auschwitz concentration camp begins

Mar 1941
Nazis relocate Jews to ghetto in Podgorze district

Jun 1942
Mass deportations to concentration camps begin

Nov 1942
Labour camp is set up in Plaszow

14 Mar 1943
All of those still in the ghetto are murdered or transported to camps

1945
Auschwitz is abandoned as Soviet Army approaches

1981
Solidarity movement begins; martial law is imposed

1989
Free elections mark the end of the communist regime

1999
Poland joins NATO

2000
Cracow is one of the nine European Cities of Culture



Copyright © 2001 Columbus Publishing
    
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