Physiology
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General Animal Anatomy
#$AnimalBodyRegion animal
body region
A specialization of #$AnimalBLO. Each
instance of #$AnimalBodyRegion
is a significant spatial subdivision of the body of some
animal, where the subdivision in question is usually
contiguous, and has some more or less clear boundary.
Instances of this collection include anatomical parts (see
the specialization #$AnimalBodyPart)
, such as a person's head, beard, or right arm. In addition,
this collection includes body regions that are not
anatomical parts, such as a blister, a puncture wound, or a bruise.
guid: bd5adaa1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ExistingObjectType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBLO #$OrganismPart
direct generalization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart
#$MuscleTissue
#$AnimalBodyRegionType types
of animal body region
This is a collection of collections; in particular,
it is a #$SiblingDisjointCollection
(q.v.). Consider any one element of #$AnimalBodyRegionType,
call it X. X is a collection of subsets of #$AnimalBodyRegion,
such that any two elements of X are either disjoint or else
one is a subset of the other E.g., the set consisting of the
three elements (#$LeftFn #$Hand), (#$RightFn
#$Hand), #$Hand, would be a
legal element of #$AnimalBodyRegionType.
guid: bd5ce287-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$SiblingDisjointCollection
#$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of:
#$ExistingObjectType
#$AnimalBodyPart body parts
A specialization of #$AnimalBodyRegion.
Each instance of #$AnimalBodyPart
is an anatomical part of some living animal, and thus is
itself an instance of #$BiologicalLivingObject
(q.v). #$AnimalBodyPart
includes both highly localized organs (for example, hearts)
and physical systems composed of parts distributed
throughout an animal's body (such as an animal's circulatory
system and nervous system). Note that severed limbs and
removed organs are _not_ instances of this collection, since
they are not _parts_ of some living animal.
guid: bd58801c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ExistingObjectType
direct specialization of:
#$HumanScaleObject #$AnimalBodyRegion
direct generalization of:
#$Finger
#$Trunk-BodyCore #$AnatomicalVessel
#$ReproductiveSystem
#$Organ #$Nerve #$Chest-BodyPart
#$Joint-AnimalBodyPart
#$Head-AnimalBodyPart
#$FaceOfAnimal
#$Skin #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart
#$Mouth #$Eye #$MuscularSystem
#$Nose #$SkeletalSystem
#$Ear #$CirculatorySystem
#$DigestiveSystem
#$NervousSystem
#$RespiratorySystem
#$Muscle
#$AnimalBodyPartType animal
body part types
A collection of specializations of #$AnimalBodyRegion.
Each instance of #$AnimalBodyPartType
is a collection of body parts, where the parts in question
are differentiated from other body parts according to
structure or function. Instances of #$AnimalBodyPartType
include #$SpinalColumn, #$Eyelash, #$NervousSystem,
#$Urethra, #$Wing-AnimalBodyPart, and #$HeelOfPalm.
guid: bd58e7da-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$SiblingDisjointCollection
#$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of: #$OrganismPartType
direct generalization of:
#$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType
#$BodyPartCollectionFn body
part collection fn
#$BodyPartCollectionFn
is a #$CollectionDenotingFunction,
that is, it is a Cyc function which `returns' (i.e., `has')
a collection as its value. Here is an example of what it
does. The expression (#$BodyPartCollectionFn
#$AbrahamLincoln #$Fingernail) returns, as its value, a
collection of ten elements, each of which represents one of
the fingernails of Abraham Lincoln. In cases where an animal
is likely to only have one part of that type (e.g., head,
heart, nose, nervous system), it makes more sense to use the
function #$BodyPartFn
(qv), rather than using this one, getting a singleton set
back, and extracting its lone element.
guid: c0fd6605-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$SubcollectionDenotingFunction
#$BinaryFunction #$ReifiableFunction
#$Individual
#$BodyPartFn body
part fn
An instance of both #$IndividualDenotingFunction
and #$ReifiableFunction.
When applied to an instance ANIMAL of #$Animal and an
instance UNIQUE-PART-TYPE of both #$AnimalBodyPartType
and #$UniqueAnatomicalPartType,
#$BodyPartFn
returns the instance of UNIQUE-PART-TYPE belonging to
ANIMAL. For example, (#$BodyPartFn
Person001 #$Heart) is
Person001's heart.
guid: c0fd5d63-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ReifiableFunction
#$BinaryFunction #$IndividualDenotingFunction
#$Individual
#$Organ organs (body parts)
The collection of all the #$Organs of #$Animals; i.e., the
#$AnimalBodyParts
that have specialized physiological functions and which are
more or less localized in the animal. For example: a heart,
a kidney, etc. A borderline case of this is a person's
(whole) skin; in some contexts, it is treated as a sense
organ, and in some contexts it is excluded because it is
distributed over their entire body.
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direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$SemiSolidTangibleThing #$AnimalBodyPart
direct generalization of: #$ExternalOrgan
#$InternalOrgan
#$MuscleTissue muscle
(organism part)
The collection of all instances of muscle tissue,
considered as an #$OrganicStuff;
that is, the collection of all tissue composing the
biological organs that convert chemical energy into
mechanical energy. E.g., the elements of #$Biceps,
#$Triceps, #$Heart, #$Stomach, all
consist of some type of #$MuscleTissue.
guid: bd58cc38-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyRegion
direct generalization of: #$Muscle #$StriatedMuscle
#$anatomicalParts anatomical
part (physical part predicate)
(#$anatomicalParts
ORGANISM PART) means that the #$OrganismPart
PART is an anatomical part of the #$Organism-Whole
ORGANISM. One should use the predicate #$physicalParts
(q.v.), rather than #$anatomicalParts,
to relate an instance of #$OrganismPart
(for example, a hand) to other #$OrganismParts
(for example, the fingers of the hand) that are part of it.
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direct instance of:
#$FunctionalPredicate
#$PhysicalPartPredicate
#$CotemporalObjectsSlot
direct specialization of:
#$physicalParts
Specific Animal Body Parts
Here are just a few of the types of animal body parts that
Cyc knows about, to give you a feel for some of the material
"below the treeline" of what is being publicly released.
#$Head-AnimalBodyPart heads
(body parts)
The collection of all heads of #$Animals.
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direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart #$ExternalAnatomicalPart
direct generalization of:
#$Head-Vertebrate
#$Eye eyes (body parts)
A specialization of both #$ExternalOrgan and #$ElectroMagneticRadiationSensor.
Each instance of #$Eye is an organ of sight.
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direct instance of:
#$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of:
#$ExternalOrgan #$ElectroMagneticRadiationSensor
#$Hand hands (body parts)
The collection of all terminal parts of a #$Vertebrate
forelimb which are structurally suited to function as a
grasping organ (as in people, newts, etc.). E.g.,
FerdinandTheBull has his forelimbs end in hooves, which are
not capable of grasping things, so those are NOT considered
#$Hands.
guid: bd588655-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of:
#$HolderGripper #$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart
#$Finger fingers
The collection of all digits of all #$Hands (q.v.).
Fingers are (typically) flexibly jointed and are necessary
to enabling the hand (and its owner) to perform grasping and
manipulation actions.
guid: bd58bf7f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of: #$Digit-AnatomicalPart
#$Leg legs (body parts)
The collection of all #$Animal appendages
used for locomotion overland, supporting the animal and
moving it along by walking, running, etc. Thus wings, fins,
etc., are not #$Legs. The #$Foot-AnimalBodyPart
is considered part of the #$Leg
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direct instance of:
#$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of: #$Limb-AnimalBodyPart
#$Torso torsos
The collection of all human torsos. A #$Torso is the main
portion of the person's body, and one can conceive of a
human body as a torso to which are connected the head and
various appendages (#$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart).
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direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of: #$Trunk-BodyCore
direct generalization of: #$Trunk-BodyCore
#$Heart hearts (muscles)
The collection of all hearts. A #$Heart is an #$Organ that pumps
blood throughout the body of an #$Animal.
guid: bd58ef0e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of: #$Pump-Generic #$StriatedMuscle
#$Brain brains
The collection of all #$Animal brains. An
individual #$Brain is an #$Organ which
controls most bodily movement, receives sensory input from
the body and objects outside the body, and in which the mind
operates, being the locus for all #$MentalSituations.
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direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of: #$InternalOrgan
#$Liver livers
The collection of all living #$Animal livers. Each
instance of #$Liver is a large
compound #$InternalOrgan. A #$Liver breaks down
dead #$RedBloodCells, removes certain poisons and waste
material from the blood stream, creates glycogen from sugars
and proteins, stores glycogen, removes certain chemicals
from the blood, secretes bile (#$BileTheSecretion) which is
used for digestion,and regulates metabolism of
carbohydrates, #$ProteinStuff, #$Vitamins, #$Minerals, and fats.
guid: bd58a6a6-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of: #$InternalOrgan
#$Lung lungs
The collection of all lungs, the primary
respiratory organs of #$AirBreathingVertebrates.
guid: bd58cacb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of: #$InternalOrgan
#$Stomach stomachs
(body parts)
A specialization of #$InternalOrgan. Each instance
of #$Stomach
is an organ which is part of the digestive system (see the
collection #$DigestiveSystem)
of some animal.
guid: bd58e5aa-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of: #$InternalOrgan #$Sac-Organic
#$Nose noses
Facial organ used in smelling and breathing
guid: bd58826c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of: #$ExternalOrgan #$Protrusion
#$Ear ears
The organ of hearing, which occur in pairs on most animals
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direct instance of:
#$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of: #$Protrusion #$VibrationThroughAMediumSensor #$AnimalBodyPart #$ExternalAnatomicalPart
#$FaceOfAnimal faces
The collection of all faces of animals. A #$FaceOfAnimal
generally consists of the region where the eyes of the
animal are located. In most terrestrial animals, this is the
front region of the animal's head, and also turns out to be
where the nose, mouth, etc., are located.
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direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart
#$Skin pieces of skin
A specialization of #$AnimalBodyPart.
Each instance of #$Skin is an outer
protective and tactile sensory covering (or part of such a
covering) for (part of) an animal's body. This collection
includes both the entire skins of animals, as well as proper
parts of such skins (such as Yul Brenner's scalp).
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direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$Layer #$VibrationThroughAMediumSensor #$TactileSensor #$AnimalBodyPart #$SurfaceOnTangibleObject #$ExternalAnatomicalPart
#$Foot-AnimalBodyPart feet
(body parts)
The collection of all vertebrates' feet. A foot is
a terminal part of a #$Vertebrate #$Leg. Feet are used
in locomotion, support, balance, kicking, etc.
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direct instance of:
#$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of:
#$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart
#$Appendage-AnimalBodyPart appendages
The collection of all appendages of #$Animals. An
appendage is an #$AnimalBodyPart
that is connected to, and extends from, the animal's #$Torso (or else
from another of its appendages, such as a hand extending
from an arm). Each appendage is used by the #$Animal for one or
more functions; altogether, appendages serve a wide variety
of functions such as locomotion, manipulation, sensing,
fighting, scratching, heat dissipation, balance, etc.
Appendages are not crucial for the life of the animal, thus
a #$Neck-AnimalBodyPart or #$Head-AnimalBodyPart
is not considered to be an appendage.
guid: bd5882f8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of: #$Protrusion #$AnimalBodyPart #$ExternalAnatomicalPart
direct generalization of:
#$Foot-AnimalBodyPart
#$Finger
#$Hand
#$Limb-AnimalBodyPart #$Digit-AnatomicalPart
#$Shell-AnimalBodyPart shells
(body parts)
The collection of all animal shells. An animal's
shell is one of its #$AnimalBodyParts,
and functions as a hard protective outer covering for the animal.
guid: bd58e005-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of:
#$ProtectiveSystem #$SkeletalSystem
#$Arm arms (body parts)
The collection of all animal arms. An #$Arm of an animal is
one of its #$AnimalBodyParts,
more particularly one of its appendages, a limb which it
uses for manipulation moreso than for locomotion. A #$Hand is considered
part of an #$Arm.
guid: bd58e9e5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$SymmetricAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of: #$HolderGripper #$Limb-AnimalBodyPart
#$Chest-BodyPart chests
(body parts)
The collection of the chests of #$Animals. The
animal's chest is its #$AnimalBodyPart
region located between its neck and its abdomen. For people
and many other types of animals, the chest is bounded by
(defined by, given shape by) the animal's ribcage.
guid: bd58a415-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart
#$Head-Vertebrate vertebrate heads
The collection of all heads of #$Vertebrates
(animals with backbones). Vertebrate heads all have faces
(see #$FaceOfAnimal)
and connect to the animal's torso via a neck; these things
are not generally true for most non-vertebrates.
guid: bd5883bf-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$Head-AnimalBodyPart
#$Mouth mouths
The collection of all animal mouths. A mouth is a
container #$AnimalBodyPart
of an #$Animal. It
has an opening (a #$Portal) to the
region outside the organism. Through that opening, the
animal ingests tangible substances from the environment,
such as food, water, air, etc. Additional activities, such
as #$Chewing,
may occur in the #$Mouth, and it may
participate in other activities such as talking, kissing, etc.
guid: bd589d87-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart
#$Joint-AnimalBodyPart joints
The collection of all joints of #$Animals. A joint is
the juncture between the ends or edges of abutting bones of
the animal's skeleton. Joints are of several types
mechanically (e.g., ball-and-socket). Many major joints
function as hinges, in which the ends of the abutting bones
are joined with ligaments and cushioned by cartilege.
guid: bd58e376-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart #$Joint-Physical
#$AnatomicalVessel anatomical vessel
The collection of all anatomical vessels in #$Animals. Instances
of this collection are tubular animal tissue which acts as a
conduit for body fluids or substances passing into or out of
the body.
guid: be425bb7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$InternalAnatomicalPart #$CordlikeObject #$Pipe-GenericConduit #$AnimalBodyPart
#$Nerve nerves
The collection of all nerves. Each #$Nerve is a bundle
of many nerve fibers (#$Axons) covered with a wrapping of
#$ConnectiveTissue. #$SensoryNerves carry nerve impulses to
the CNS; #$MotorNerves carry impulses to the #$Muscles. Most
#$Nerves are
mixed, containing #$Axons of both motor and sensory neurons.
guid: c0fde592-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$Tree-PathSystem #$CordlikeObject #$AnimalBodyPart
#$hairColor hair color
(#$hairColor
ANIMAL BODYPARTTYPE COLOR) means that the hair that ANIMAL
has on its BODYPARTTYPE has the #$Color COLOR. For
example, (#$hairColor
#$SantaClaus #$Chin #$WhiteColor) holds. ANIMAL is normally
a #$Mammal, but
certain #$Invertebrates
also have hair.
guid: bd58d7a2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$TernaryPredicate
#$eyeColor eye color
This predicate is used to state the eye-color of a
human or other animal. (#$eyeColor
ANIMAL COLOR) means that at least one of ANIMAL's eyes (more
precisely, its irises) has the color COLOR. For example, (#$eyeColor
#$AmyIrving #$PurpleColor) holds. Since individual members
of most species typically do not have eyes of different
colors (Siamese cats being one exception), #$eyeColor
behaves like a #$FunctionalSlot
(q.v.) with respect to most, but not all, types of animals.
guid: bd5895a7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$BinaryAttributePredicate
Animal Body Part Systems
Here are some of the `living systems' that Cyc knows about,
to give you a feel for some of the material "below the treeline"
of what is being publicly released.
#$ReproductiveSystem reproductive systems
The collection of all animals' reproductive
systems. A #$ReproductiveSystem
is a system of organs used by the #$Animal for
reproduction; i.e., for creating an offspring, a new member
of that species. Note: Strictly speaking, it might be more
accurate to describe a #$ReproductiveSystem
as containing the above sorts of systems for a mated male
and female of a sexual species, as only that combined system
is capable of actually producing an offspring. But most of
the things one wants to say about a #$ReproductiveSystem
really do only make sense for one single animal at a time.
So think of reproduction as a cooperative activity, such as
having a conversation, where we still refer to each animal's
incomplete reproductive system as a #$ReproductiveSystem.
guid: bd58dae1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart
#$ReproductiveSystem-Female female
reproductive systems
The collection of all the #$ReproductiveSystems
of #$FemaleAnimals.
guid: bd58a94d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$ReproductiveSystem
direct generalization of:
#$ReproductiveSystem
#$ReproductiveSystem-Male male
reproductive systems
The collection of all the #$ReproductiveSystems
of #$MaleAnimals.
guid: bd58827a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$ReproductiveSystem
#$AuditorySystem auditory systems
The collection of all animals' auditory systems. An
#$AuditorySystem
is a system of organs and appurtenant body parts (such as
ears) which enable the animal to perform #$Hearing
actions. Note: Necessary parts of the process other than
body parts --- e.g., a medium through which the sound waves
get to the animal --- are not considered part of the
animal's #$AuditorySystem.
guid: bd58b0b4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart
#$DigestiveSystem digestive tracts
The collection of all animals' digestive systems. A
#$DigestiveSystem
is a system of organs and other body parts (typically of #$Vertebrates)
which work together to accomplish the digestion function.
guid: bd58b41a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$ConnectedPathSystem #$AnimalBodyPart
#$SkeletalSystem skeletons
The collection of all animals' skeletal systems. A
#$SkeletalSystem
is a system of body parts used to support, separate, and
protect the other parts of the body, especially the torso
and the soft, vulnerable internal organs of the animal. It
can be an external #$Exoskeleton (see also: #$Shell-AnimalBodyPart)
or an internal interlinking of numerous parts composed of
#$Bone-BodyPart and #$Cartilage.
guid: bd58b5ae-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart
direct generalization of:
#$Shell-AnimalBodyPart
#$CirculatorySystem circulatory systems
The collection of all animals' circulatory systems.
A #$CirculatorySystem
is a system of organs and body parts, found in #$Vertebrates and
some other animals, which function together to circulate the
animal's blood throughout its body, supplying needed
substances to its cells and removing waste products from
them. A #$CirculatorySystem
is generally composed of #$BloodVessels, #$Heart, #$Spleen,
etc., considered as an interrelated functional system of
each animal. Note: It generally has a close linkage to the
respiration system, as the blood comes in contact with fresh
air to divest itself of the waste products it has collected
from the body's cells and to acquire new needed substances
to take to the body's cells.
guid: bd58f31b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$ConnectedPathSystem #$PipingSystem-Generic #$AnimalBodyPart #$InternalAnatomicalPart
#$MuscularSystem musculatures
The collection of all animals' muscle systems. A #$MuscularSystem
of an animal is composed of all its muscles, considered as a
functional whole. As a system, they work together to enable
foot motions in locomotion, pumping in circulation,
breathing in respiration, biting and chewing and swallowing
in eating, etc.
guid: bd58e6af-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart #$InternalAnatomicalPart
#$NervousSystem nervous systems
The collection of all #$Animals' nervous
systems. A #$NervousSystem
is composed of all the #$Nerves, #$Brain, and
#$SpinalCord of an animal, and enables the animal to sense
(#$perceives)
things and react to them reflexively (from the spine), by
instinct (in the #$BrainStem, #$Cerebellum, or #$Cerebrum),
and or by deliberation (in the #$Cerebrum).
guid: bd5893fe-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
direct specialization of:
#$ConnectedPathSystem #$AnimalBodyPart #$InternalAnatomicalPart
#$OlfactorySystem olfactory systems
The collection of all animals' olfactory systems.
An #$OlfactorySystem
is composed of body parts (such as the nose) of the animal,
which together function so as to enable it to perform
smelling actions.
guid: bd58b0ef-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart
#$RespiratorySystem respiratory systems
The collection of all animals' respiratory systems.
A #$RespiratorySystem
is composed of body parts (such as the lungs) of the animal,
which together function so as to enable it to breathe. Note:
it is generally required that the #$RespiratorySystem
(of a #$Vertebrate)
work together with the #$CirculatorySystem
(qv), as the air is used to supply needed substances to the
blood and to remove waste products from the blood.
guid: bd58f314-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UniqueAnatomicalPartType
#$AnimalBodyPartType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalBodyPart
Animal Physiology
#$PhysiologicalAttribute physiological attributes
The collection of attributes related to a plant or
animal organism's physiological characteristics. Some
examples include #$Flexed, #$Deaf, #$Injured, #$Fertile,
#$Swollen, #$AcidIndigestion, etc.
guid: c0fd4a6e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$SiblingDisjointAttributeType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
direct generalization of:
#$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute
#$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute physiological
attributes of animals
The broadest collection of attributes of #$Animals that
describe the physiological aspects of an animal, including
its physiological (1) capacities, (2) conditions, and (3)
states. Examples include: (1) Capacities: #$Fertile,
#$HearingImpaired, #$Paraplegic; (2) Conditions: #$Anemic,
#$AthleticPhysicalBuild; (3) States: #$Intoxicated,
#$Injured, #$Inflamed. #$PlantPhysiologicalAttributes,
such as #$InBloom, are excluded.
guid: bd58a577-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
direct generalization of:
#$LevelOfExhaustion
#$LevelOfDiscomfort
#$Posture
#$UrgeToSneeze
#$Alertness
#$hasPhysiologicalAttributes has
physiological attributes
(#$hasPhysiologicalAttributes
BLO ATT) means that the #$BiologicalLivingObject
BLO has the #$PhysiologicalAttribute
ATT. Note that many, perhaps most, assertions made with #$hasPhysiologicalAttributes
will be time-dependent; for example, an individual person is
not #$SexuallyMature throughout his or her life, but only
during a portion of it. For this reason, many assertions
made with #$hasPhysiologicalAttributes
will need to be temporally qualified. One way to do so is by
using #$holdsIn; for
instance, (#$holdsIn
(#$YearFn 1820)
(#$hasPhysiologicalAttributes
#$LudwigVanBeethoven #$Deaf).
guid: bd58892e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$BinaryAttributePredicate
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$PhysiologicalCondition physiological conditions
A collection of #$SystemConditions in which an
instance of #$Organism-Whole
is in some physiological state that is not typical for that
organism's species, modulo considerations about the
organism's sex or (in some cases) subspecies. Thus
#$Menstruating, though not typical among all persons, is
part of being a healthy adult female, and so does not count
as a #$PhysiologicalCondition,
whereas #$Pregnancy does count. #$PhysiologicalCondition
is a specialization of #$Situation-Temporal, and so each
instance has temporal start and end, though in some cases,
the start and end will be the same as the start and end of
the life of the organism, cases of dwarfism being an example.
guid: c10c3859-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$SystemCondition
direct generalization of:
#$LifeThreateningCondition
#$CongenitalCondition
#$ChronicCondition
#$AilmentCondition
#$Starvation
#$PhysiologicalConditionType health conditions
A collection of collections. Each instance of #$PhysiologicalConditionType
is a specialization of #$PhysiologicalCondition
(q.v.), and thus a type of physiological state into which
some organisms can enter. Instances of #$PhysiologicalConditionType
include #$Cancer, #$PsychologicalAilment,
#$Infection,
and #$Malnutrition.
guid: c10c16fe-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of:
#$TemporalStuffType #$ObjectType
direct generalization of: #$DiseaseType #$InfectionType
#$PhysiologicalProcess physiological processes
The collection of events in which an organism does
(typically unconsciously) some process which involves
alteration of that agent's physiological state. A #$PhysiologicalProcess
is normally one that is done by organisms (or parts of
organisms) in the course of living. A large subcollection of
#$PhysiologicalProcess
is #$BodilyFunctionEvent,
including its subcollections #$Respiration,
#$DigestingInStomach, and #$Heartbeating. (Compare this
collection with #$PhysiologicalCondition,
whose instances are more episodic than process-like.)
guid: bd58f396-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TemporalStuffType
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of:
#$BiologicalEvent
direct generalization of:
#$PhysiologicalFunction
#$BodilyFunctionEvent
#$PhysiologicalFunction physiological functions
The collection of those #$PhysiologicalProcesses
that serve some end for their doers, which may be cells,
tissues, or whole organisms; for example, #$Photosynthesis-Plant.
guid: bd58ecdb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TemporalStuffType
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of:
#$PhysiologicalProcess
direct generalization of:
#$Breathing
#$BodilyFunctionEvent bodily
function events
The collection of animal activities that, from an
evolutionary standpoint, the body of the doer was 'designed'
to do, and that are instances of action types that can be
and often are done without conscious volition. It includes
dreaming but not rational thought, and breathing but not
holding one's breath. If an instance of #$BodilyFunctionEvent
involves the doer moving all or part of its body, either
volitionally or as a reflex, it is also an instance of #$BodyMovementEvent.
guid: bd58f3d9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$SingleDoerAction #$AnimalActivity #$PhysiologicalProcess
direct generalization of:
#$Swallowing
#$Resting-Relaxing
#$Exhaling #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary
#$Inhaling #$Ingesting
#$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary involuntary
bodily functions
A specialization of #$BodilyFunctionEvent.
Each specialization of #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary
is a type of event each instance of which is done without
conscious volition. Consequently, in each instance of #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary,
the `doer' of the event is a non-deliberate actor in that
event (see the predicate #$nonDeliberateActors).
Specializations of #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary
include #$InvoluntaryBodyMovement,
#$Bleeding, and #$ExperiencingHunger.
guid: bd59f763-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$BodilyFunctionEvent
direct generalization of:
#$Sleeping
#$Respiration
#$ExperiencingHunger
#$InvoluntaryBodyMovement
#$Secretion-Bodily secretions
The collection of all #$NaturalTangibleStuff
secreted by an organism's body. There are a wide variety of
bodily secretions, including #$Hormones, #$Mucus,
#$InsulinTheSecretion, and #$Semen. Secretions may be
deposited either within the body (e.g., #$BileTheSecretion)
or outside of it (e.g., #$Sweat). Note: Secretions are
different from #$ExcretionSubstance in that secretions are
not necessarily waste products. E.g., they may be a release
of pheromones to attract a mate, a layer of sweat to cool
off the organism, a layer of nectar to attract bees, etc.
Some subsets of #$Secretion-Bodily,
such as #$Sweat, are also subsets of #$ExcretionSubstance
(i.e., wastes).
guid: bd58c769-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleStuffCompositionType
direct specialization of:
#$NaturalTangibleStuff
Specific Physiological Processes
Here are some of the `living systems' activities that Cyc
knows about, to give you a feel for some of the material "below
the treeline" of what is being publicly released.
#$Respiration respirations
The subcollection of #$PhysiologicalProcesses in
which an organism performs respiration; i.e., it exchanges
carbon dioxide for #$Oxygen which is used to oxygenate (in
#$Vertebrates)
hemoglobin, an oxygen carrier in the #$Blood distributed to
all of the organism's cells. #$Respiration
concerns the exchange of #$Oxygen and waste gases with the
environment. Circulation concerns distributing the
oxygenated #$Blood to the cells. The oxygen carrier
(hemoglobin) releases the oxygen to the cells, allowing
chemical reactions necessary to sustain the cell life, which
in turn sustains the life of the breather.
guid: bd59061e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary
direct generalization of:
#$AirRespiration
#$AirRespiration air respiration
A collection of activities constituting a natural
#$PhysiologicalFunction;
#$AirRespiration
is the collection of all #$Respiration
events in which an organism trades some of the carbon
dioxide in its tissues for oxygen from the atmosphere.
guid: bd58bdb6-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TemporalStuffType
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of:
#$Respiration
direct generalization of:
#$Breathing
#$Breathing breathing events
A collection of activities constituting a natural
#$PhysiologicalFunction;
#$Breathing is
the collection of #$AirRespiration
events in which the respiring organism takes air into its
internal #$Lungs,
where the gas exchange occurs. See also #$Respiration.
guid: bd58b773-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MammalCapabilityType
#$ControllableAutonomousActionType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$AirRespiration #$PhysiologicalFunction
#$Inhaling inhalations
A specialization of both #$PassingThroughPortal and
#$BiologicalIntakeEvent.
Each instance of #$Inhaling is a
bodily event in which an animal takes air in through an
appropriate portal (e.g., its mouth or nose) and passes it
into its lungs. Each instance of #$Breathing
(q.v.) has an instance of #$Inhaling as a sub-event.
guid: bd58f34d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ObjectType
#$ControllableAutonomousActionType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$PassingThroughPortal #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent
#$Exhaling exhalations
Expelling air from the lungs
guid: bd589d08-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MammalCapabilityType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$EmittingAnObject #$PassingThroughPortal #$BodilyFunctionEvent
#$Swallowing swallows
The collection of actions in which an #$Animal moves a
solid or a liquid from its #$Mouth to its #$Stomach. A type
of #$BodilyFunctionEvent
as well as a type of #$BodyMovementEvent.
guid: bd58a44f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of:
#$BodilyFunctionEvent #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$BodyMovementEvent
#$Ingesting ingestions
A specialization of #$BiologicalIntakeEvent.
Each instance of #$Ingesting is a
complex process in which a thing is brought into some
organism's mouth from the outside, is swallowed, and is
moved to the organism's stomach. Every instance of #$Ingesting has among
its #$subEvents an
instance of #$Swallowing
which occurs after the intake (thus, although a particular
chewing of gum is a #$BiologicalIntakeEvent,
it is not an #$Ingesting unless
the gum is swallowed.) An ingesting event ends when the
ingested stuff reaches the ingester's stomach (where an
instance of #$DigestionEvent
begins, provided that what was ingested is an instance of #$EdibleStuff).
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direct instance of:
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$UsingAnObject #$BiologicalIntakeEvent #$PassingThroughPortal #$BodilyFunctionEvent
direct generalization of:
#$ConsumingFoodOrDrink
#$Sleeping slumbers
The collection of all #$Sleeping
events, i.e., natural processes in which an #$Animal engages in
some unconscious mental activity coupled with physical rest.
#$Sleeping is a
subcollection of #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary;
the process of #$Sleeping is
essential for the health of sentient animals.
guid: bd58d29b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$Resting-Relaxing #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary
#$alertnessLevel alertness level
Predicate (#$alertnessLevel
SENTIENT_BEING LEVEL) indicates how alert SENTIENT_BEING is
in the period in which the predicate holds. The major levels
are #$Unconscious
and #$Awake, but
more specific attributes such as #$Asleep and #$VeryAlert
exist as well.
guid: bd58ad46-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Alertness alertness
#$Alertness is
an #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute
which specifies how sleepy or alert an animal is. Levels of
#$Alertness
include #$Asleep, #$Sleepy, and #$Awake.
guid: bd58a532-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute
#$VeryAlert very alert
#$VeryAlert is
an #$Alertness
attribute which is a specialization of #$Awake. It is the
state of an #$Animal paying
particular attention to its environment (or a specific
aspect thereof). It is the state an #$Antelope is in after
smelling a #$Lion, or a burglar is in after hearing the
front door open.
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direct instance of:
#$Alertness
#$Individual
#$ModeratelyAlert alert
(physiological attribute)
#$ModeratelyAlert
is an #$Alertness
attribute which is a specialization of #$Awake. It is the
normal state of an #$Animal which is
awake but paying particular attention to its environment. It
is a higher #$alertnessLevel
than #$Sleepy,
but lower than #$VeryAlert.
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direct instance of:
#$Alertness
#$Individual
#$Asleep asleep
#$Asleep is the #$Alertness
attribute of being asleep. #$Asleep is a
specialization of #$Unconscious.
(#$holdsIn (#$YearFn 1776) (#$alertnessLevel
RipVanWinkle #$Asleep).
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direct instance of:
#$Alertness
#$Individual
#$Awake awake
#$Awake
is the #$Alertness
attribute of being awake.
guid: bd58a5fa-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$Alertness
#$Individual
#$Unconscious unconsciousness
#$Unconscious
is the #$Alertness
attribute of being #$Unconscious.
It is the opposite of #$Awake. A
specialization of this attribute is #$Asleep.
guid: bd58a4f4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$Alertness
#$Individual
#$Sleepy sleepy
#$Sleepy is the #$Alertness
attribute which is a specialization of #$Awake. It is the
state an animal normally passes through before #$GoingToSleep.
guid: bd58a63d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$Alertness
#$Individual
#$Salivating salivating
A collection of events. In each #$Salivating
event, an #$Animal
secretes #$Saliva from its #$SalivaryGlands. #$Salivating
is a natural bodily function, occurring in the #$Mouth.
guid: bd58c48f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MammalCapabilityType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$SecretionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary
#$AnimalWalkingProcess animal
walking processes
The collection of instances of #$Walking-Generic in
which the locomotor is an #$Animal.
guid: bd58d77d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TemporalStuffType
#$ObjectType
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of:
#$SimpleWholeBodyMovement #$PhysicalContactSituation #$Walking-Generic
#$MilkSecretionEvent lactating
A collection of events. Each #$MilkSecretionEvent
is done by the mammary glands of (female) #$Mammals as a
natural process with the function of nourishing the female's
offspring. The secreted milk is stored in the mammary glands
until it is drawn out in some fashion.
guid: bd58c44a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TemporalStuffType
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of:
#$SecretionEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary
#$AnimalBodyGas intestinal gas
The collection of all pieces of #$GaseousTangibleThing
that is generated inside the #$DigestiveSystems
of #$Animals as a
byproduct of some #$DigestionEvent
(and eventually emitted from their bodies).
guid: bd58c8af-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$GaseousTangibleThing
Body Position And Movement
Here are some of the concepts that Cyc knows about, related
to body position, posture, and movement, to give you a feel for
some of the material "below the treeline" of what is being
publicly released.
#$BodyPartPosition body positions
The collection of attributes describing the
position of a body part (or a whole body). A #$BodyPartPosition
may be determined relative to the body's environment (as
with #$Postures) or
merely with respect to the body part itself (e.g., #$Flexed, #$Extended).
guid: bd5907ae-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
direct generalization of:
#$Posture
#$postureOfAnimal attitude
(physical attribute description slot)
(#$postureOfAnimal
AN POS) means that the #$Animal AN is in the
#$Posture
POS. #$Postures are
types of attributes that describe bodily configurations
and/or orientations of #$Animals. See #$Posture for examples.
guid: bd5903a4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$FunctionalSlot
#$BinaryAttributePredicate
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Posture positions
(physiological attributes)
An instance of #$UnorderedAttributeType,
and a specialization of #$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Posture is a
kind of bodily configuration or orientation had by some
instances of #$Animal. Instances
of #$Posture
include #$UprightPosture
and #$SittingPosture.
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direct instance of:
#$UnorderedAttributeType
#$SiblingDisjointAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$AnimalPhysiologicalAttribute
#$UprightPosture stance
The attribute that describes an #$Animal in an
upright, i.e. vertically extended, #$Posture. (#$postureOfAnimal
ANIMAL #$UprightPosture)
is implied by walking and running, as well as by standing.
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direct instance of:
#$Posture #$Individual
#$SittingPosture seated
(physiological attribute)
The attribute that describes, most generically, an
#$Animal in a
seated position. The exact nature of the position depends
upon the typical body structure of the animal's species.
guid: bd58b417-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$Posture #$Individual
#$BodyMovementEvent body movements
The collection of activities in which an #$Animal agent moves
a part of its own body, whether consciously and
intentionally or reflexively. For example, #$BodyMovementEvent
has the specializations #$TakingAStep, #$BlockingAPunch,
#$Hiccoughing, and #$BlinkingOnesEyes.
guid: bd58f6e3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$AnimalCapabilityType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of:
#$SingleDoerAction #$MovementOrShapeChangeEvent #$AnimalActivity
direct generalization of:
#$VoluntaryBodyMovement
#$Swallowing
#$SimpleWholeBodyMovement
#$MakingFacialExpression
#$ArmMovement
#$MakingAnOralSound
#$InvoluntaryBodyMovement
#$SimpleWholeBodyMovement simple
whole body movement
A collection of common bodily movements (e.g.,
walking, jumping) in which the whole body is involved in the movement.
guid: bd58fcbf-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$BodyMovementEvent
direct generalization of:
#$AnimalWalkingProcess
#$InvoluntaryBodyMovement involuntary
body movements
The collection of involuntary bodily movements,
those movements in which an #$Animal's body does the action
automatically -- the agent's consent doesn't enter into it.
Subsets of #$InvoluntaryBodyMovement
include #$Heartbeating, #$Sneezing, #$Snoring, etc.
guid: bd590662-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$AnimalCapabilityType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$BodyMovementEvent #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary
#$ArmMovement arm movement
The collection of any movements of an arm that are
generated by the #$Animal whose arm it
is, through nerve impulses to the arm. Physically, an #$ArmMovement
involves movement of the upper arm or elbow in relation to
the body to which it is attached.
guid: bd58a69d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$BodyMovementEvent
#$Exercising exercises
The collection of events in which humans move their
bodies for the purpose of general physical conditioning
and/or strengthening muscles.
guid: bd58ac02-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TemporalStuffType
#$HumanCapabilityType
direct specialization of: #$TakingCareOfSomething #$AthleticActivity
#$Resting-Relaxing resting events
The collection of events in which an animal
abstains from strenuous physical activity.
guid: bd58bedf-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$BodilyFunctionEvent
direct generalization of:
#$Sleeping
#$anatomicalPartTypeAffected anatomical
part type affected
(#$anatomicalPartTypeAffected
ACT BODYPARTTYPE) means that body parts of the #$AnimalBodyPartType
BODYPARTTYPE are affected by the action ACT. For example, if
BRUSHING is a #$TeethCleaning
event, then (#$anatomicalPartTypeAffected
BRUSHING #$SetOfTeeth).
guid: bd589f12-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$BinaryPredicate #$TypePredicate
#$anatomicalResourceRequired anatomical
resource required
(#$anatomicalResourceRequired
ACT BODYPARTTYPE NUM) means that the successful doer of ACT
must have this many (NUM) of the #$AnimalBodyPartType
BODYPARTTYPE. For example, if VOLANT is an instance of
#$Flying-FlappingWings, then (#$anatomicalResourceRequired
VOLANT #$Wing-AnimalBodyPart 2).
guid: bd588613-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TernaryPredicate
#$anatomicallyCapableOf anatomically
capable of
The predicate #$anatomicallyCapableOf
indicates that an agent is anatomically able to take a
certain role in a certain type of situation or event. (#$anatomicallyCapableOf
AGENT SIT-TYPE ROLE) means that an individual #$Animal AGENT has
the anatomical prerequisites (natural or prosthetic) to act
in this ROLE in normal instances of SIT-TYPE. For example,
to express that Karen is capable of walking, Cyc would say
(#$anatomicallyCapableOf
Karen #$WalkingOnTwoLegs #$performedBy).
AGENT may or may not have the skills (or other
prerequisites) for actually doing a SIT-TYPE. #$anatomicallyCapableOf
entails that AGENT satisfies the relevant #$anatomicalResourceRequired
constraint--e.g., for Karen's #$WalkingOnTwoLegs, that she
has two legs (natural or prosthetic). As a default, Cyc
concludes that animals who have the #$anatomicalParts
needed for a certain kind of activity are #$anatomicallyCapableOf
that activity--for example, that people who have arms and
legs are #$anatomicallyCapableOf
swimming; those conclusions would be overridden by the
additional information that a person was paralyzed.
guid: bd589dd8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$CapabilityPredicate-InstanceLevel
#$SituationTypeTernaryPredicate
#$LocomotionProcess-Animal locomotion processes
The collection of processes in which an animal
moves from one place to another by its own power. A #$LocomotionProcess-Animal
is an activity considered as a #$TemporalStuffType,
in which any time-slice of the activity can also be
considered an instance of that activity. Subsets of #$LocomotionProcess-Animal
include: #$AnimalWalkingProcess,
#$Brachiating, #$Climbing, #$WheelchairLocomotionEvent,
#$Boring-Locomotion, etc.
guid: bd58e68c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DefaultDisjointScriptType
#$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$LocomotionEvent-Animal #$LocomotionProcess #$Movement-TranslationProcess
direct generalization of: #$Ambulation #$AnimalWalkingProcess
#$LocomotionEvent-Animal travel
(movement from one place to another)
A specialization of both #$LocomotionEvent and #$AnimalActivity.
In each instance of #$LocomotionEvent-Animal,
the object moving (see the predicate #$objectMoving)
is an instance of #$Animal. Notable
specializations of #$LocomotionEvent-Animal
include #$Climbing, #$Swimming-Generic, and
#$WalkingOnTwoLegs. Other specializations include types of
events, such as #$Canoeing and #$Skating, in which a person
moves himself or herself by using a device, with that person
supplying the motive force to the device.
guid: bd58e64e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MammalCapabilityType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of:
#$LocomotionEvent #$AnimalActivity
direct generalization of:
#$LocomotionProcess-Animal
#$AnimalMigration
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