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#$CreationOrDestructionEvent   creation or destruction events
A specialization of #$Event-Localized. During each instance of #$CreationOrDestructionEvent, one or more instances of #$Entity (q.v.) come into or go out of existence. Notable specializations of #$CreationOrDestructionEvent include #$Manufacturing, #$MakingSomething, and #$Killing-Biological.
guid: bd675149-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$Event-Localized  
direct generalization of: #$DestructionEvent #$CreationEvent #$PhysicalCreationOrDestructionEvent
The constant #$CreationOrDestructionEvent has just two specs: #$CreationEvent and #$DestructionEvent. A #$TransformationEvent is both a #$CreationEvent and a #$DestructionEvent; that is, one thing goes out of existence and another comes into existence.
#$inputs   input (actor slot)
This predicate is an #$ActorSlot that relates a given event to an object or material that is used in that event and thereby either used up (i.e. destroyed) or incorporated into another object. (#$inputs EVENT OBJECT) means that OBJECT is a pre-existing participant in (see #$preActors) the #$CreationOrDestructionEvent EVENT which, during and due to EVENT, is either destroyed (see #$inputsDestroyed) or incorporated into a new entity (see #$inputsCommitted). For example, the pigments used to paint the Mona Lisa were #$inputs to Leonardo's painting process; however, his brushes were not #$inputs, even though they were changed a little by it. In general, in instances of #$Manufacturing, materials or objects are inputs if they find their way into the product manufactured or if they are destroyed in the manufacturing process (e.g. the coke used in manufacturing steel).
guid: bd58b70d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$objectActedOn
#$outputs   output (actor slot)
This predicate relates a particular creation or destruction event to any of its outputs . (#$outputs EVENT OBJECT) means that OBJECT is an output of EVENT. That is, OBJECT is either created/produced as a result of EVENT (see the specializations #$outputsCreated, #$products, #$byProducts) or something left after another thing was destroyed in EVENT (see the specialization #$outputsRemaining). For example, silicon chips are both #$outputsCreated in and #$products of a chip manufacturing process, while a hunk of scrap metal is an #$outputsRemaining after a car is put through a crusher. When appropriate, instead of using #$outputs, use one of its specializations (of which those mentioned above are the nearest).
guid: bd589803-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$postActors
#$CreationEvent   creation events
A specialization of #$CreationOrDestructionEvent. In each instance of #$CreationEvent, at least one instance of #$Entity (related to the instance of #$CreationEvent by #$outputsCreated (q.v.)) is brought into existence.
guid: bd58de89-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$CreationOrDestructionEvent  #$Action  
direct generalization of: #$PhysicalCreationEvent #$Production-Generic #$CreatingAnArtifact #$MakingAnAgreement
#$inputsCommitted   input incorporated into the end result
The predicate #$inputsCommitted is used when some #$inputs to a particular event is incorporated into some #$outputs of that event, but remains recognizable rather than being destroyed. (#$inputsCommitted EVENT OBJECT) means that OBJECT exists before EVENT and continues to exist afterwards, and as a result of EVENT, OBJECT becomes incorporated into something created during EVENT. Once incorporated into the output of EVENT, OBJECT can't be independently incorporated in any other creation event. For example, bricks that are used to build a wall continue to exist as bricks once the wall has been built. While a part of the wall, a brick cannot be used as an independent input in another creation event. (See also #$outputsCreated.) Note: there is a grey area between #$inputsCommitted and #$inputsDestroyed; the less possible it is to take apart the relevant #$outputs of EVENT and get OBJECT back as an independent thing, the more likely it is that the relationship between EVENT and OBJECT should be #$inputsDestroyed, rather than #$inputsCommitted.
guid: bd63edac-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$inputs #$postActors #$commitsForFutureUses
#$outputsCreated   output created (actor slot)
An #$ActorSlot that relates #$CreationEvents to things -- tangible objects or other enduring things (see #$SomethingExisting) -- created by those events. (#$outputsCreated EVENT OBJECT) means that OBJECT doesn't exist before EVENT but comes into existence sometime during EVENT, as a result of EVENT. #$outputsCreated is a specialization of #$nonDeliberateActors, since it would in general be impossible for OBJECT to act deliberately in its own creation.
guid: bd64ad6d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ActorSlot #$IndividualLevelPredicate
direct specialization of: #$eventResults #$nonDeliberateActors #$outputs #$patient-GenericDirect
#$MakingSomething   making events
A collection of creation events. #$MakingSomething is a specialization of #$CreatingAnArtifact instances of which involve some partially tangible thing being made from raw materials or from parts. The end result (see #$productsCreated) might or might not be a #$Product.
guid: bd58fe38-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$PurposefulPhysicalAction  #$PhysicalCreationEvent  #$CreatingAnArtifact  
direct generalization of: #$Manufacturing #$Constructing #$MakingWrittenMaterial
#$MakingLegalAgreement   making legal agreement
A collection of events. In each #$MakingLegalAgreement event, an instance of #$LegalAgreement is forged.
guid: bd58f66b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$MakingAnAgreement  
#$MakingConstructionArtifact is the atomic form of (#$MakingFn #$ConstructionArtifact)(#$MakingFn #$ConstructionArtifact)
A collection of events. In each #$MakingConstructionArtifact event, some instance of #$ConstructionArtifact (bridges, houses, stadiums, airports, fences, etc.) is created.
guid: bd58df74-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$Constructing  
#$PublishingWrittenMaterial   issues (information transfers)
A collection of events. In each instance of #$PublishingWrittenMaterial, a book or periodical is transformed from manuscript or typescript form to a form suitable for retail sale or public distribution. This collection can include any kind of publishing, from manuscript copies to print media to electronic publishing.
guid: bd58b686-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$TransferOut  
#$PreparingFoodOrDrink   events in which food or drink is prepared
A specialization of both #$PurposefulPhysicalAction and #$HumanActivity. Each instance of #$PreparingFoodOrDrink is an event in which an instance of #$FoodAndDrink is created. An instance of #$PreparingFoodOrDrink may be an event in which preparation is done `from scratch', using raw ingredients, or it may be an event in which semi-prepared or `convenience' products (such as cake mixes, margarita mixes, or frozen foods) are used. Typical sub-events (see the predicate #$subEvents) in instances of #$PreparingFoodOrDrink include activities commonly performed by cooks and/or bartenders, including instances of #$ChoppingSomething, #$CookingFood, #$BakingFood, or #$MixingAlcoholicDrinks. Each instance of #$PreparingFoodOrDrink ends when the item prepared is ready to eat. Notable specializations of #$PreparingFoodOrDrink include #$GrillingFood, #$SteamingFood, and #$PreparingABeverage.
guid: bd58b6ae-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$SkilledActivity  #$ServiceEvent  #$TransformationEvent  #$PurposefulPhysicalAction  
direct generalization of: #$PreparingFoodItem
#$Constructing   construction events
A collection of events. In each #$Constructing event, one or more #$ConstructionArtifacts, such as a house, are made or incrementally enlarged or remodeled.
guid: bd58c896-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$ServiceEvent  #$MakingSomething  
#$ConstructingABuilding   building construction
A collection of events. In each #$ConstructingABuilding event, a new #$Building is made or incrementally added to.
guid: bd58c712-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$Constructing  
#$RoadConstructing   road construction
A collection of events. In each #$RoadConstructing event, a new #$PathForWheeledVehicles is made or incrementally added to.
guid: bd58c755-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$Constructing  
#$Manufacturing   fabrications (creation events)
A collection of events. In each #$Manufacturing event, raw materials or component parts are combined to produce a product. In a typical #$Manufacturing process, the motivation of the manufacturer is that the value of the #$outputs should exceed the value of the #$inputs. #$Manufacturing does not include related or supportive processes such as transporting the raw materials to the manufacturing site, scheduling done ahead of time, etc. -- the concept #$ProductionEvent covers that bigger picture.
guid: bd58e175-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$MakingSomething  
#$BatchManufacturingEvent   batch manufacturing event
A collection of manufacturing events. In each #$BatchManufacturingEvent, the product is produced in batches, with a batch produced at the end of each such event. #$BatchManufacturingEvents can be applied over and over to similar inputs to produce similar batches. Batches may consist of discrete objects or may be masses of some stuff.
guid: bd58f7b7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$Manufacturing  
#$MassManufacturing   mass production
A collection of events. In a typical #$MassManufacturing event, a mob of the same kind of product is produced in one `production cycle'. [A `mob' is `a large number.']
guid: bd58f7ef-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$Manufacturing  
#$ContinuousManufacturingProcess   continuous manufacturing process
A collection of events. Each element of this collection is a continuous manufacturing process that can be kept going arbitrarily long (depending on, e.g., the availability of inputs, power, labor, etc.). Product begins to be produced some time after the process is started and continues to be produced during the run. A hallmark of continuous (vs. batch or run) manufacturing is that inputs are added continously or periodically, and outputs and byproducts are removed continously or periodically, during the process.
guid: bd58f831-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$Manufacturing  
#$ManufacturingRun   manufacturing runs
A collection of events. Each #$ManufacturingRun is a single iteration of a process that intentionally produces a stream of products. A #$ManufacturingRun may consist of several steps, each of which is typically a #$Manufacturing. A #$ManufacturingRun does not include ancillary events associated with the manufacturing, such as collection of materials, disposal of waste, or quality control inspection of the product. Those other events are sibling subEvents of the #$ManufacturingRun, within a #$ProductionEvent.
guid: bd588409-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$Manufacturing  
#$ManufacturingASingleObject   manufacturing a single object
A collection of events. In each #$ManufacturingASingleObject event, manufacturing procedures are applied to only a single object or a single chunk of stuff. This includes both one-off creation events such as carving a statue, and also can be a `slice' of a #$MassManufacturing event in which all that is considered is how one single small lump of stuff or set of parts gets acted on to become some new thing. In the latter case, then, what is `produced' is one car, one can of Coke, etc., even though that is just one part or iteration of a mass manufacturing event taking place.
guid: bd58f8b7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$Manufacturing  
#$Assembling   assemblies (creation events)
A collection of events. In each #$Assembling event, physical objects are combined by fastening them together in some way to produce a new object.
guid: bd58b3aa-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$MakingSomething  
#$Labelling   labelling
A collection of events. In each #$Labelling, a label is attached to a product, typically in order to promote the sale of that product. The label may be fastened by any means of connection, including glue, staples, and sewing.
guid: bd590bcd-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface  
#$Packing   packing
A collection of events. In each instance of #$Packing, some object(s) is/are put into a package. Note: Although #$Packing is a type of event, not a type of process, nevertheless one sometimes `packs an item' for shipment by partially disassembling it and then `packing it' in several packages, and that is seen as one single instance of #$Packing, even though each of the individual packages being packed is also seen as a #$Packing. For a related concept, see #$PackagingEvent.
guid: bd58f133-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$MakingSomething  
#$MakingFn   making fn
#$MakingFn is a Cyc function, in particular a #$CollectionDenotingFunction. (#$MakingFn TYPE) denotes the set of events in which elements of some TYPE of thing are made (whether manufactured, constructed, produced, etc.) E.g., (#$MakingFn #$Automobile) is the set of events in which cars are manufactured. Having this function saves us from having to create tens of thousands of new terms for peanut-butter-making, business-card-making, etc.
guid: bd58b4a1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$CollectionDenotingFunction #$ReifiableFunction #$UnaryFunction #$Individual
#$products   product (actor slot)
(#$products EV OBJ) means that OBJ is one of the intended outputs of event EV. For unintended outputs, see #$byProducts. For a particular EV and OBJ, it will not be true that both (#$products EV OBJ) and (#$byProducts EV OBJ).
guid: bd5906e7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$patient-GenericDirect #$outputs
#$byProducts   by-product (actor slot)
This predicate relates a given purposeful action of physically creating or destroying something to an unintended tangible output (see #$outputs) of that action. (#$byProducts EVENT OBJECT) means that OBJECT is one of the outputs of EVENT, but not one of its intended outputs. For intended outputs, see #$products. Note that no output can be _both_ a product and a by-product of the same event, i.e. (#$negationPreds #$products #$byProducts) holds.
guid: bd58c25c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$FunctionalPredicate #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$patient-GenericIndirect #$outputs
#$wasteProducts   waste product
(#$wasteProducts EV OBJ) means that OBJ is one of the by-products of EV which is disposed of, rather than used or sold. See also #$unwantedMatter.
guid: bd58c21a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$FunctionalPredicate #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$byProducts
#$ShapingSomething   shaping events
A collection of events in which something (usually more or less plastic in nature) is given a definite shape, or has its shape changed, through the purposeful actions of an agent. In many (but not all) cases, an instance of #$ShapingSomething is also a #$PhysicalCreationEvent (e.g. #$MakingPottery). Normally, elements of #$ShapingSomething are concerned with the basic, overall shape of an object. Thus, a #$PolishingSomething event, which doesn't affect the basic shape of the #$objectOfStateChange, is not a #$ShapingSomething.
guid: bd58a872-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$MaterialHandling  #$ShapeChangeEvent  
direct generalization of: #$SpreadingOntoSurface #$ShapingWithoutRemovingMaterial
#$Extruding   extrusions (handling)
A collection of events. In each #$Extruding event, the shape of something is changed by forcing it through a die. The #$objectActedOn in an #$Extruding must be in a #$LiquidStateOfMatter, which also includes plastic/putty-like `solids'. Unless the die changes shape during the #$Extruding, the output is a generalized cylinder, whose cross-section is the shape of the hole(s) in the die, and whose length is usually much larger than its diameter. Sometimes the output remains in more or less #$LiquidStateOfMatter, and so quickly loses this shape, such as happens when a soft-ice-cream dispenser extrudes a `ribbon' of ice cream. See also #$Molding.
guid: bd589e46-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$ShapingWithoutRemovingMaterial  #$MakingSomething  
#$Molding   molding
A collection of events. In each #$Molding, a mold is used to form a softened substance so that it hardens into (and retains) a specific shape.
guid: bd58f1ee-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$ShapingWithoutRemovingMaterial  
#$Carving   carving (cutting)
A collection of events. In each #$Carving, the shape of an object is changed by removing pieces of it, usually with some kind of tool. Some instances of #$Carving are also instances of #$IBOCreation (like carving a statue of someone), in which some image or information is encoded into the product; but not all are.
guid: c0ed14f6-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$CuttingInPieces  #$ShapingSomething  
#$ShapingWithoutRemovingMaterial   forging
A collection of events. In each #$ShapingWithoutRemovingMaterial event, an object's shape is changed without removing part of the original object.
guid: bd58f8a3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$ShapeChangeWithoutLosingMaterial  #$ShapingSomething  
direct generalization of: #$SpreadingASubstance
#$SeparationEvent   separations
A sub-collection of #$PhysicalEvent. In each instance of #$SeparationEvent, an object is cut, scraped, broken, cracked or pulverized, so that part of the object is no longer attached where it once was. Note that the part need not be completely separated from the object; it may still be attached in places. See the specialization #$Separation-Complete for the case of complete separation.
guid: bd58a50f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalEvent  
direct generalization of: #$DecompositionProcess #$Separation-Complete #$Splitting #$ShreddingEvent #$Cracking #$CuttingSomething
#$Separation-Complete   divides
A specialization of #$SeparationEvent. In each instance of #$Separation-Complete, one object is separated into two or more distinct, unconnected pieces.
guid: bd58a48e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$SeparationEvent  
direct generalization of: #$RemovingSomething #$SeparatingAMixture #$ShatteringEvent #$Ablation #$PulverizationEvent #$CuttingInPieces
#$Ablation   ablations
A collection of events. In an #$Ablation, a (usually relatively thin) layer of material is removed from the surface of an object.
guid: bd58b6b3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$RemovingSomething  
direct generalization of: #$AbradingSomething
#$FusionEvent   fusing
A collection of events. In each #$FusionEvent, two or more objects fuse together, yielding a product.
guid: bd58ad78-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalSynthesis  
#$Plating   plating
A collection of events. In each #$Plating event, an object made of metal is coated with a very thin layer of a different metal. The coating process is done in such a way as to permanently bond the two layers.
guid: bd58ad42-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$ApplyingStuffToSurface  
#$ElectroPlating   electroplating
A collection of events. In each #$ElectroPlating event, some metal is coated with a thin layer of another metal, with the aid of an electric current. Some instances of #$Galvanizing will also be instances of this collection.
guid: bd58adba-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent  
#$Galvanizing   galvanizations
A collection of events. In each #$Galvanizing event, iron or steel is coated with zinc. This coating is usually accomplished by hot-dipping, but can be done with the aid of an electric current.
guid: bd58ab8d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$ApplyingStuffToSurface  
#$ApplyingSomethingToSurface   applications (guiding)
A collection of events. In each #$ApplyingSomethingToSurface event, something is applied to a surface.
guid: bd588cf1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$MaterialHandling  
direct generalization of: #$ApplyingStuffToSurface #$SpreadingOntoSurface
#$MarkingOnASurface   marking (handling)
A specialization of both #$MaterialHandling and #$IBOCreation. Each instance of #$MarkingOnASurface is an event in which visible markings are placed on a surface by an agent (see the collection #$Agent). The marking may be done by adding material to a surface (as in instances of #$Painting-Activity) or removing material from a surface (as in instances of #$EngravingEvent).
guid: bd588d33-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$IBOCreation  #$MaterialHandling  
direct generalization of: #$WritingByHand
#$IBOCreation   creations of an information-bearing object
A specialization of both #$PhysicalCreationEvent and #$IBTGeneration. Each instance of #$IBOCreation is an event in which an instance of #$InformationBearingObject (hereafter IBO) is created. Examples of #$IBOCreation include publishing a book, making a film, printing a photograph, molding a plastic credit card, painting a billboard, and minting a coin. When an IBO is created, its content may be either original, be copied from a prior #$InformationBearingThing, or be instantiated from an existing #$ConceptualWork.
guid: bd621044-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$HumanActivity  #$IBTGeneration  #$PhysicalCreationEvent  
direct generalization of: #$MarkingOnASurface #$MakingWrittenMaterial #$InformationRecordingProcess
#$BiologicalProductionEvent   biological production
A specialization of both #$PhysicalCreationEvent and #$BiologicalEvent. In each instance of #$BiologicalProductionEvent, raw materials are combined to produce a product, and at least one instance of #$BiologicalLivingObject (q.v.) is the producer. Specializations of #$BiologicalProductionEvent include #$SecretionEvent and #$BiologicalReproductionEvent.
guid: bd58c40f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalCreationEvent  #$Production-Generic  #$BiologicalEvent  
direct generalization of: #$SecretionEvent #$BiologicalReproductionEvent
#$BiologicalGrowthEvent   growth
A collection of events. In each element of #$BiologicalGrowthEvent, a living structure (not necessarily a whole organism) increases in size.
guid: bd58bcbf-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$BiologicalEvent  #$PhysicalCreationEvent  
#$BiologicalReproductionEvent   reproduction events
A specialization of #$BiologicalProductionEvent. Each instance of #$BiologicalReproductionEvent is an event in which one or more biological organisms (related to the event by #$parentActors) produce new organisms (related to the event by #$offspringActors), generally of the same kind as the parents.
guid: bd58d8c5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$BiologicalProductionEvent  
direct generalization of: #$SexualReproductionEvent
#$parentActors   parent (actor slot)
(#$parentActors EV P) means that organism P is one of the parents in the #$BiologicalReproductionEvent EV.
guid: bd58d9cc-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$preActors
#$offspringActors   offspring (actor slot)
(#$offspringActors EVENT ORGANISM) means that ORGANISM is an offspring created in the #$BiologicalReproductionEvent EVENT .
guid: bd58d98a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$temporallyIntersects
#$AsexualReproductionEvent   asexual reproduction
A collection of events. In each element of #$AsexualReproductionEvent, an organism produces offspring via asexual means. E.g., mitotic division by instances of #$SingleCellOrganism; and budding, root-sprouting, etc., for (various) instances of #$Plant).
guid: bd589292-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$BiologicalReproductionEvent  
#$SexualReproductionEvent   sexual reproduction
A specialization of #$BiologicalReproductionEvent. In each instance of #$SexualReproductionEvent, two #$parentActors produce one or more offspring. Sexual activity which does not result in offspring is not included in this concept. On the other hand, if offspring begin to develop, but never finish (e.g., it just hasn't finished yet, or the mother dies, or the offspring is aborted, or the offspring doesn't survive to independence, etc.), then that is still considered an instance of #$SexualReproductionEvent but an incomplete one. The example of #$SexualReproductionEvent most familiar to most people is when two mammals, one male and one female, mate; sperm from the male combines with one or more eggs inside the female and the resulting offspring develop(s), inside the female parent and dependent upon her for nutrition, until it/they is/are born. However, #$SexualReproductionEvent is more general than that, and would include these examples: Two birds mate; the female lays one or more eggs; both parents incubate the eggs until they hatch. Two fish engage in courtship; the female expells her eggs; the male expells his sperm on top of them, and they swim away leaving many fertilized eggs to develop into juvenile fish. One oak tree's flowers give off airborne pollen; some grains land on the stigma of another tree's flower and fertilize the ovary inside, which then develops into an acorn which is shed by the female parent at the end of summer.
guid: bd58e9a0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$BiologicalReproductionEvent  
#$BiologicalFusionEvent   biological fusion
A collection of events. In each element of #$BiologicalFusionEvent, living structures fuse to form a single living structure.
guid: bd58bcff-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$FusionEvent  #$BiologicalProductionEvent  
#$ReproductiveFertilizationEvent   fertilization (biological event)
A collection of events. In each element of #$ReproductiveFertilizationEvent, gametes fuse to form a zygote.
guid: bd58a9d1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$FusionEvent  
#$SecretionEvent   secreting
A specialization of both #$EmittingAnObject and #$BiologicalProductionEvent. Each instance of #$SecretionEvent is an event in which a living animal or plant secretes from its body some instance of #$Secretion-Bodily (q.v.).
guid: bd58c3cd-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$EmittingAnObject  #$BiologicalProductionEvent  
#$Salivating   salivating
A collection of events. In each #$Salivating event, an #$Animal secretes #$Saliva from its #$SalivaryGlands. #$Salivating is a natural bodily function, occurring in the #$Mouth.
guid: bd58c48f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$MammalCapabilityType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$SecretionEvent  #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary  
#$MilkSecretionEvent   lactating
A collection of events. Each #$MilkSecretionEvent is done by the mammary glands of (female) #$Mammals as a natural process with the function of nourishing the female's offspring. The secreted milk is stored in the mammary glands until it is drawn out in some fashion.
guid: bd58c44a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$SecretionEvent  #$BodilyFunctionEvent-Involuntary  
#$MakingAnAgreement   agreement-making events
A specialization of #$CreationEvent. Each instance of #$MakingAnAgreement is an event in which two or more agents specify the terms of an agreement (see the collection #$Agreement) to which they will be agreeing parties (see the predicate #$agreeingAgents), and subsequently enter into that agreement. Specializations of #$MakingAnAgreement include #$EngagementEventPart-BecomingEngaged, #$EmployeeHiring, #$DeclaringCeaseFire, and #$MakingAReservation.
guid: bd58a184-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$CooperationEvent  #$Communicating  #$CreationEvent  
direct generalization of: #$EmployeeHiring
#$MakingAReservation   reserving
A collection of events. In each #$MakingAReservation event, something (e.g., a room, table, car) is reserved for future use by an agent. If successful, the result is a #$Reservation.
guid: bd60f51d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$GainingUserRights  #$MakingAnAgreement  
#$DeclaringCeaseFire   declaring cease fire
A collection of events. In each #$DeclaringCeaseFire event, some parties are #$MakingAnAgreement to halt their armed conflict.
guid: bd58ccb5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$MakingAnAgreement  
#$EmployeeHiring   employee-hiring events
A specialization of both #$MakingAnAgreement and #$OrganizationalTransferIn. Each instance of #$EmployeeHiring is an event in which some agent--either an organization or an individual--hires a person to work as its employee. See also #$employees, #$WorkAgreement.
guid: bd58d9c8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$MakingAnAgreement  #$OrganizationalTransferIn  
#$RegisteringForAService   registration
A collection of events. Each #$RegisteringForAService entails an act of recording one's identity (usually at least by name) and making an agreement to pay for a service to be rendered at some future time, perhaps almost immediately. Typical examples are registering at a university, registering to attend a conference, registering for a hotel room, etc. Payment (or some guarantee of payment) typically occurs at the time of registration, before the service is received.
guid: bd58afbe-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$MakingAnAgreement  
#$MakingAnAppointment   making an appointment
A collection of events. In each #$MakingAnAppointment, two or more people agree to meet at a particular time and place, generally for some agreed-upon purpose. Sometimes, the appointment is made between a person and an institution (such as a medical clinic) rather than another person. Less commonly, one might even make an appointment with oneself, to reserve a set time to do some activity.
guid: bd58d278-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$MakingAnAgreement  
#$Mixing   mixing (handling)
A collection of events. In each #$Mixing, two or more substances are combined to form a #$Mixture.
guid: bd58e9f0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalCreationEvent  #$Incorporation-Physical  #$MaterialHandling  
#$DiggingAHole   burrows
A collection of events. In each #$DiggingAHole, one or more agents (usually #$Animals) removes material from some substrate (such as the soil), so that a hole is formed. If the digger is a person, tools or heavy equipment may be used; other organisms just use their claws, snouts, etc. A borderline case of this concept occurs when a plant's roots grow. Another borderline case occurs when an animal finds an existing hole and enlarges it.
guid: bd589527-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalCreationEvent  
#$DestructionEvent   destruction events
A collection of events. In each instance of #$DestructionEvent, at least one instance of #$Entity (the #$inputsDestroyed) ceases to exist.
guid: bd58f920-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ExistingObjectType
direct specialization of: #$CreationOrDestructionEvent  
direct generalization of: #$PhysicalDestructionEvent
#$inputsDestroyed   thing destroyed
The predicate #$inputsDestroyed is used to relate a particular event to the items which are destroyed by it. (#$inputsDestroyed EVENT OBJECT) means that OBJECT exists before EVENT, is affected by EVENT, and due to that involvement, the entity ENTITY such that (#$entitySubAbstractions OBJECT ENTITY) ends its existence as an #$Entity sometime during EVENT. (As does the OBJECT as its present instantiation of #$SomethingExisting.) For instance, suppose (#$inputsDestroyed AppleEatingEvent001 RedApple001), then the SomethingExisting, RedApple001 is destroyed in the event and, as importantly, so is the apple entity of which the red apple is a subabstraction. OBJECT may or may not be a #$deliberateActors in EVENT.
guid: bd658d50-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$inputs #$damages
#$outputsRemaining   output remaining afterwards
This predicate relates physical destruction events to surviving parts of the things destroyed in those events. (#$outputsRemaining EVENT OBJECT) means that OBJECT persists after EVENT, and that it existed before EVENT as an identifiable part of one of the things destroyed during EVENT (see #$inputsDestroyed). Examples: (1) when a sheet of plywood is sawn through, the original board is destroyed and the remaining-outputs are the two smaller plywood pieces; (2) when a mixture undergoes a #$FiltrationProcess, the mixture itself is destroyed, while both the material that was in suspension (see #$suspendedPart) and the fluid it was suspended in (see #$suspendingFluid) are remaining-outputs.
guid: bd64e092-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ActorSlot
direct specialization of: #$preActors #$outputs
#$ShatteringEvent   shattering
A collection of events. In each #$ShatteringEvent, something is destroyed by being broken into a mob of pieces. [A `mob' means `a large but indeterminate number of things not arranged in any order'] Since the salient parts of the #$inputsDestroyed must be #$Brittle in order for this to happen, fluids (such as liquid water) and elastic stuff (such as rubber at room temperature) will generally not undergo any #$ShatteringEvents. Items which can be an #$objectActedOn in shattering events are typically made of glass, pottery, bone, plaster, etc. Many substances, particularly solid metals and alloys, are extremely difficult to shatter.
guid: bd5889dc-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$Separation-Complete  #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  
#$DisasterEvent   disasters
A collection of events. In each #$DisasterEvent, a large group of people (or, in decreasing order of likelihood of usage of this concept, a large group of animals, plants, corporations, etc.) are at very high risk of injury or property damage, or in which a lot of injury and property damage occurs even though the risk was low.
guid: c0fd58cc-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  
direct generalization of: #$Famine
#$ShreddingEvent   shredding
A collection of events. In each #$ShreddingEvent, the #$inputsDestroyed are destroyed by a large number of #$Ripping #$subEvents. An example would be the tearing of office files into tiny pieces by a machine designed for that purpose. A shirt suddenly tearing due to pressure applied by the wearer's muscles would, however, not be an instance of #$ShreddingEvent, only of #$Ripping.
guid: bd58e23d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$Collection
direct specialization of: #$SeparationEvent  #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  
#$PulverizationEvent   pulverizing
A collection of events. In each #$PulverizationEvent, some #$SolidTangibleThing is turned into #$Powder or a #$LiquidStateOfMatter through the application of a force.
guid: bd58eccf-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$Separation-Complete  #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  
#$Grinding   grinding
A collection of events. In each #$Grinding event, a substance is broken or torn into smaller pieces through the steady application of force, typically in a circular motion.
guid: bd58b0df-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$PulverizationEvent  #$MaterialHandling  
#$Chewing   chewing
A collection of events. In each #$Chewing event, foodstuff is mashed in the mouth. An element of #$Chewing consists of a large number of #$Biting sub-events. Anatomical resources required for a #$Chewing are a tongue and whatever hard surfaces the species involved uses for #$Biting, e.g., teeth. The teeth go up and down or grind, and the tongue maneuvers the food around.
guid: bd58cec3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$ControllableAutonomousActionType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$PulverizationEvent  #$VoluntaryBodyMovement  
#$Blending   blending
A collection of events. In each #$Blending event, the substance involved (one or more) is stirred so vigorously that it liquefies (if it isn't already liquid) or becomes a smoother liquid. Where two or more substances are involved, the output is a mixture of all the substances that were #$inputs to the #$Blending.
guid: bd58f0a7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$PulverizationEvent  
#$BiologicalDestructionEvent   biological destruction
A specialization of both #$PhysicalDestructionEvent and #$BiologicalEvent. In each instance of #$BiologicalDestructionEvent, something is destroyed by some instance(s) of #$BiologicalLivingObject (q.v.). Notable specializations of #$BiologicalDestructionEvent include #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent, #$DigestionEvent, and #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent.
guid: bd58b316-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  #$BiologicalEvent  
direct generalization of: #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent
#$BiologicalCatabolismEvent   catabolism
A collection of events. Each #$BiologicalCatabolismEvent involve the destruction of larger molecules. E.g., the degradation of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, which releases energy used to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
guid: bd58ef47-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$BiologicalMetabolismEvent  #$BiologicalDestructionEvent  
#$BiologicalDecompositionEvent   decaying (transforming)
A collection of events. In each #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent, some living structures are decomposed.
guid: bd58b294-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$DecompositionEvent  #$BiologicalDestructionEvent  
direct generalization of: #$DigestionEvent
#$Dying   deaths
A collection of events. Each instance of #$Dying is an event in which a living organism (an instance of #$Organism-Whole) ceases to live and thus ceases to exist. The physical portion of the organism may remain, but that is not considered an instance of #$Organism-Whole (cf. #$DeadAnimal). Note that the expiring animal is related to its dying event by #$bodilyDoer (q.v.)--in contrast to the role an organism plays when it is the #$objectActedOn in a #$Killing-Biological event (which will have some #$Dying event among its #$subEvents), and cf. #$bodilyActedOn.
guid: bd590953-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  #$SingleDoerAction  #$BiologicalEvent  
#$Killing-Biological   killing
A specialization of both #$PhysicalDestructionEvent and #$AnimalActivity. In each instance of #$Killing-Biological, one living organism ends (either intentionally or unintentionally) the life of another living organism.
guid: bd58ac2e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$MammalCapabilityType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  #$AnimalActivity  #$HarmingAnAgent  
#$DigestionEvent   digestion
A collection of events. For most animals, a #$DigestionEvent starts at the mouth and, for most vertebrates, ends at the anus. This concept should not be confused with #$DigestingInStomach, whose instances occur only in an organism's #$Stomach. A #$DigestionEvent spans the whole #$DigestiveSystem, from start to finish.
guid: bd588d98-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$SingleDoerAction  #$BiologicalDecompositionEvent  #$AnimalActivity  #$BiologicalTransportationEvent  
#$EatingEvent   eating (consuming)
A specialization of #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink. Each instance of #$EatingEvent is an event which involves the consumption of a substantial portion of food (i.e., a portion larger than a morsel) by one animal. Each instance of #$EatingEvent is a meal or snack taken in its entirety; it is a series of individual #$EatingAMorsel (q.v.) events.
guid: bd58d570-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink  
direct generalization of: #$HavingAMeal
#$DrinkingEvent   drinking (consuming)
A collection of events. In each instance of this collection, a single individual consumes a portion of some drink. A #$DrinkingEvent typically consists of several instances of #$DrinkingASip. See #$EatingEvent.
guid: bd58eeee-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$FluidFlow-Complete  #$ConsumingFoodOrDrink  
#$Dissolving   dissolving events
A collection of events. In each instance of this collection, a solvent and a solute mix to form a solution.
guid: be0116b0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  
#$SeparatingAMixture   separating a mixture
A collection of events. In each instance of this collection, a #$Mixture is separated into two or more #$constituents.
guid: be010756-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$ReversibleProcess  #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  #$Separation-Complete  
#$Electrolyzing   electrolyses
A collection of events. In each instance of #$Electrolyzing, a liquid is subjected to the action of an electrical current passing through it.
guid: be0118d2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$ElectricalEvent  #$SeparatingAMixture  
#$FiltrationProcess   filtering (separating a mixture)
A collection of events. Each #$FiltrationProcess is an event in which a fluid is passed through a filter, removing suspended particles larger than the pore size of the filter used.
guid: bd5906a1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$SeparatingAMixture  #$Translation-Flow  
#$Distilling   distillation
A collection of events. In each instance of this collection, a liquid mixture is heated up to the boiling point of at least one of its liquid #$constituents. That constituent vaporizes and the vapor is trapped and allowed to cool, thus separating (some or most of) that constituent from the mixture.
guid: be010b38-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$SeparatingAMixture  
#$Centrifuging   centrifuging
A collection of events. In each instance of this collection, a fluid is centrifuged (ie., spun rapidly around, simulating a very strong gravitational force) in order to separate suspended particles of varying density.
guid: be010b9e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$SeparatingAMixture  
#$TransformationEvent   transforms (creation events)
A collection of events. In each instance of #$TransformationEvent , at least one thing ceases to exist and at least one thing comes into existence. Usually at least some portion of the thing(s) destroyed becomes incorporated into the thing(s) that are created. Note: this collection is a superset of, but NOT coextensional with, #$TransformationProcess (q.v.).
guid: bd589b02-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalDestructionEvent  #$PhysicalCreationEvent  
direct generalization of: #$PolishingSomething #$PreparingFoodOrDrink #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent #$ChemicalReaction #$TransformationProcess #$EnergyConversionProcess
#$TransformationProcess   transforms (transforms)
The collection of #$TransformationEvents that also are instances of #$TemporalStuffType. That is, each of their temporal parts is also a #$TransformationEvent, in which something is destroyed and something created. Note: It is often the case that a #$TransformationEvent is NOT a #$TransformationProcess --- e.g., there may be several preparation stages, and then at the end everything is brought together and the foaming starts, or the butterfly emerges, or whatever transformation occurs. So #$TransformationProcess is a small subcollection of #$TransformationEvent (qv).
guid: bd589b87-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$TransformationEvent  
direct generalization of: #$OxidationProcess #$DecompositionProcess
#$StateOfMatterChangeEvent   physical state change events
#$StateOfMatterChangeEvent is the collection of events in which some piece of matter changes from one of the physical states of matter to another. Such changes of state can be induced by changes in temperature (or the equivalent in the manipulation of kinetic energy). Each particular instance of #$Boiling, #$Freezing, #$Evaporating, #$Condensing, #$Melting, etc. is an instance of #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent. Note: Most Cyc microtheories distinguish four states of matter, namely, #$SolidStateOfMatter, #$PlasmaStateOfMatter, #$LiquidStateOfMatter, #$GaseousStateOfMatter. See #$StateOfMatter-SolidLiquidGaseous and its individual state constants.
guid: bd5884ff-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$ReversibleProcess  #$IntrinsicStateChangeEvent  #$TransformationEvent  
direct generalization of: #$Freezing #$Boiling #$Evaporating #$SublimatingToSolid #$Sublimating #$Melting #$Condensing
There are two ways of viewing a #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent. One is that a quantity of some substance changes from one physical state to another (H2O in a liquid state changes to a solid state in a #$Freezing event). Under this view, #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent is not a kind of #$TransformationEvent. The second view is that one #$Entity is either destroyed or created in a #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent (frost appears on a window, dew evaporates from the grass, or a puddle ceases to exist and a chunk of ice comes into existence). Under this view, #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent is indeed a subset of #$CreationOrDestructionEvent. Cyc employs both views, each in a different #$Microtheory.
#$Boiling   boiling events
A collection of events. In each #$Boiling, a piece of liquid matter is raised to its #$boilingPoint and is thereby changed from being in the #$LiquidStateOfMatter to being in the #$GaseousStateOfMatter. Note: this is not intended to cover the cases of heat/evacuation causing a solid to sublime directly into a gas.
guid: bd589c37-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent  
#$Condensing   condensation processes
A collection of events. In each instance of #$Condensing, a gas is cooled to (or its pressure lowered to) the point where the relative humidity (or similar partial pressure measure if something other than water is condensing) is greater than 100%, changing part of a component of the gas from the #$GaseousStateOfMatter to the #$LiquidStateOfMatter.
guid: be01163d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$HeatProductionProcess  #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent  #$EnergyTransferEvent  
#$Melting   melting events
A collection of events. In each instance of this collection, an object is heated to (and then above) its #$freezingPoint and is thereby changed from a #$SolidStateOfMatter to a #$LiquidStateOfMatter.
guid: bd58f9f4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent  
#$Freezing   freezing events
A collection of events. In each instance of this collection, an object is cooled to (and then below) its #$freezingPoint and is thereby changed from a #$LiquidStateOfMatter to a #$SolidStateOfMatter.
guid: bd58a837-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$CoolingProcess  #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent  #$HeatProductionProcess  
#$DecompositionProcess   decomposition (transforming)
A collection of events in which some object decomposes. I.e., in a #$DecompositionProcess event, some object's matter undergoes chemical reactions (sometimes mediated by microorganisms) that eventually result in the object losing its shape and material characteristics. This may sometimes superficially resemble #$Melting, but it is a different process.
guid: bd58b2de-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$TransformationProcess  #$SeparationEvent  
direct generalization of: #$Explosion #$CombustionProcess #$DecompositionEvent
#$OxidationProcess   oxidation
A collection of events. In each instance of this collection, some amount of #$Oxygen reacts with (`reduces') another substance and releases energy in the process.
guid: be010767-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$TransformationProcess  
#$ChemicalReaction   chemical reactions
A collection of events; a subcollection of #$TransformationEvent. Each instance of #$ChemicalReaction is an event in which two or more substances undergo a chemical change, i.e., some portions of the substances involved are transformed into different #$ChemicalCompoundTypes. The transformations are brought about by purely chemical (including biochemical) means which affect chemical bonds between atoms in the molecules of stuff, rather than by physical means, biological means, or purposeful planning, etc. Examples of #$ChemicalReaction: instances of #$CombustionProcess; instances of #$Photosynthesis-Generic.
guid: bd589bc8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$ChemicalInteraction  #$TransformationEvent  
#$EnergyConversionProcess   energy conversion processes
A collection of events. In each instance of #$EnergyConversionProcess, energy is converted from one form to another.
guid: bd58f827-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType #$DefaultDisjointScriptType
direct specialization of: #$TransformationEvent  
direct generalization of: #$Explosion #$CombustionProcess
#$ElectricalPowerGeneration   electrical power generation
A collection of events. In each instance of this collection, electrical current is produced, by converting either mechanical or chemical energy to electrical energy.
guid: c10aeb60-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$EnergyConversionProcess  
#$energySource   energy source (binary role predicate)
This predicate is used to identify a particular source of energy used in a particular event. (#$energySource EVENT ENERGYSOURCE) means that ENERGYSOURCE provides (some of) the energy used in EVENT. ENERGYSOURCE might be a battery, the sun, a person, etc.
guid: bd58ea4e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$IndividualLevelPredicate #$BinaryRolePredicate #$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$temporallyIntersects
#$CombustionProcess   fires (energy conversion processes)
A collection of events. Each #$CombustionProcess is an event in which rapid oxidation is taking place. These always have heat as an output and often involve emission of light as well (typically, flames). The #$objectActedOn in a #$CombustionProcess is at least partly consumed. See also #$Flammability.
guid: bd58c04e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DefaultDisjointScriptType #$TemporalStuffType
direct specialization of: #$EnergyConversionProcess  #$DecompositionProcess  
#$Explosion   explosions
A collection of events. Each instance of #$Explosion is an event that involve an extremely violent, chaotic release of energy. It is not exactly controlled, even in the best circumstances, though it may be contained and channelled to do useful work (such as within the cylinders of a car engine, or such as when a hole is blasted for a backyard swimming pool.)
guid: be00f76e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$TemporalObjectType
direct specialization of: #$EnergyConversionProcess  #$DecompositionProcess  


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