Materials
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Generic Collections For Materials
#$InanimateThing inanimate objects
A subcollection of #$PartiallyTangible.
Each instance of #$InanimateThing
is an (at least partly) tangible thing that is not currently
a living structure. Things that were never alive, dead
organisms, and dead (or completely non-functioning) organism
parts are included in this collection. Examples:
#$YaleUniversity, a piece of #$Meat, a dead armadillo, the
#$StatueOfLiberty, and a pile of #$Sawdust. Two important
specializations of this collection are #$InanimateThing-Natural
and #$InanimateThing-NonNatural
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direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
direct generalization of:
#$InanimateThing-Natural
#$Particle
#$InorganicStuff
#$InanimateThing-NonNatural #$HumanlyOccupiedSpatialObject
#$Oil #$Oxide #$PureCompound
#$ElementStuff
#$PathArtifactSystem
#$InorganicStuff inorganic substances
A specialization of #$InanimateThing.
Each instance of #$InorganicStuff
is a tangible thing which is wholly composed of one or more
types of inorganic #$Molecule.
Instances of #$InorganicStuff
usually didn't originate as parts or products of living things.
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direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$InanimateThing
direct generalization of: #$Glass #$Mineral #$Metal
#$OrganicStuff organic substances
A collection of tangible things. Each instance of
#$OrganicStuff
is a tangible thing composed of one or more types of organic
#$Molecule.
Instances of #$OrganicStuff
usually have their origin in the bodies (or other products)
of living things. Since some organic substances can be
synthesized, #$OrganicStuff
is not a subset of #$NaturalTangibleStuff.
Chemically, instances of #$OrganicStuff
have fairly (or very) complex carbon-based structures.
Examples include all instances of the collections #$Oil,
#$DNAStuff, #$Alcohol-Compound, #$Ivory, and #$AnimalBodyPart.
guid: bd58c3d0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleStuffCompositionType
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
direct generalization of:
#$BiologicalLivingObject
#$VegetableMatter
#$Oil #$Food #$DeadAnimal #$Food-ReadyToEat
#$NaturalTangibleStuff naturally
occurring tangible things
An instance of #$ExistingStuffType
and a sub-collection of #$PartiallyTangible.
Each instance of #$NaturalTangibleStuff
is a naturally occurring partially tangible thing.
Specializations of #$NaturalTangibleStuff
include #$EarthStuff, #$Wood, and #$Air. Man-made materials
are _not_ instances of #$NaturalTangibleStuff.
guid: bd58d55a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
direct generalization of:
#$InanimateThing-Natural
#$Secretion-Bodily
#$BiologicalLivingObject
#$VegetableMatter
#$PhysicalAttribute physical attributes
A specialization of #$AttributeValue.
Each instance of #$PhysicalAttribute
is a measurable attribute (roughly, an attribute that can in
principle be measured by some physical instrument) of either
a physical event (see the collection #$PhysicalEvent)
or a partially tangible object (see the collection #$PartiallyTangible).
For example, instances of the collection #$Speed are #$PhysicalAttributes
that can be attributes of #$PhysicalEvents
(e.g., instances of #$WavePropagation
have speeds), as well as attributes of #$PartiallyTangibles.
On the other hand, instances of #$Mass can only be
attributes of partially tangible objects (consequently, #$Mass is a
specialization of #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly, an
important specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute).
Notable specializations of #$PhysicalAttribute
include #$Frequency, #$Area, and #$Distance.
guid: bd590a22-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MeasurableAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$AttributeValue
direct generalization of:
#$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly #$SurfaceAttribute
#$MaterialStrengthType types
of material strength
A collection of collections. Each instance of #$MaterialStrengthType
is a specific collection of attributes used in determining
the strength of a material. Examples: #$Hardness, #$Malleability,
#$Ductility, #$Elasticity.
guid: bd58d2da-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of:
#$DerivedNumericAttributeType
#$Particle particles
(inanimate objects)
A specialization of both #$PartiallyTangible
and #$InanimateThing.
Each instance of #$Particle is a
smallish liquid or solid tangible thing, usually small
enough to be blown about by ordinary gusts of wind, and
possibly much smaller. Specializations of #$Particle include
the collections #$CornMeal, #$SandParticle, #$Sawdust,
#$DustParticle, and #$Sugar-Table.
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direct instance of:
#$ExistingObjectType
direct specialization of:
#$InanimateThing
direct generalization of:
#$PrecipitationParticle
Attributes Of Materials
#$massOfObject mass (measure)
(#$massOfObject
OBJ MASS) means that the tangible object OBJ has #$Mass MASS.
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direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$PhysicalAmountSlot
direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$volumeOfObject volume (measure)
(#$volumeOfObject
OBJECT VOLUME) means that the #$SpatialThing
OBJECT has the #$Volume VOLUME.
guid: bd58dbad-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$PhysicalAmountSlot
direct specialization of: #$sizeParameterOfObject
#$widthOfObject width (measure)
(#$widthOfObject
OBJECT WIDTH) means that the #$Distance across
OBJECT from one side boundary to the opposite side boundary
is WIDTH. Side boundaries are roughly perpendicular to the
top and bottom of the object. Note that some objects have
widths by virtue of having one or more intrinsic default
orientations (see #$BilateralObject and its
specializations), while some objects have widths by virtue
of having orientations determined only in relation to their
environments. In any case, having a width requires being at
least two-dimensional (see #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing).
See also #$lengthOfObject,
#$heightOfObject,
and #$depthOfObject.
guid: bd58e003-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$PhysicalAmountSlot
direct specialization of: #$dimensionsOfObject
#$sizeParameterOfObject
#$lengthOfObject length (measure)
(#$lengthOfObject
OBJECT LENGTH) means that the length of OBJECT is LENGTH.
Which dimension of a given object counts as its length
partly depends on such things as the type of object it is,
its shape, and its spatial relations to other objects in its
environment. Length is normally measured as the #$Distance from
(what one intuitively thinks of as) one end of the object to
its other end , and often corresponds to the dimension of
the object that has the greatest magnitude. Some types of
objects (e.g. trains and yachts) have front and back ends --
and thus lengths -- by virtue of having an intrinsic default
orientation (see #$FrontAndBackSidedObject and the other
specializations of #$BilateralObject). For some other types
of objects (e.g. shoelaces and hair strands), length is
determined by that dimension that is of much greater
magnitude, relatively speaking, than any of the object's
other dimensions. Still other objects have lengths by virtue
of having orientations determined only in relation to their
environments (e.g. the length of a row of adjacent buldings
might be the distance across the side of the row that faces
the street, whether or not that happens to be the row's
dimension of greatest magnitude). See also #$widthOfObject,
#$heightOfObject,
and #$depthOfObject.
guid: bd58db66-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$IndividualLevelPredicate #$PhysicalAmountSlot
direct specialization of: #$dimensionsOfObject
#$sizeParameterOfObject
#$heightOfObject height (measure)
A #$PhysicalAmountSlot
used for stating the heights of tangible objects and other
(polydimensional) spatial things. (#$heightOfObject
OBJECT HEIGHT) means that the #$Distance (q.v.)
from OBJECT's bottom boundary to its top boundary is HEIGHT.
Top and bottom are often determined by an object's intrinsic
default orientation, if it has one (see
#$TopAndBottomSidedObject). But some objects have tops and
bottoms -- and thus heights -- only by virtue of their
spatial relations to certain other objects in their
environments. In any case, having a height requires being at
least two-dimensional (see #$TwoOrHigherDimensionalThing).
See also #$lengthOfObject,
#$widthOfObject,
and #$depthOfObject.
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direct instance of:
#$PhysicalAmountSlot
direct specialization of: #$dimensionsOfObject
#$sizeParameterOfObject
#$Density densities
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Density is a
measurable physical property of a tangible object, namely,
its mass per volume. Instances of #$Density include
#$DenseAsOil, #$GaseousDensity,
and #$SolidDensity. See also the predicate #$densityOfObject,
which relates an object to its density.
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$densityOfObject density
of object
(#$densityOfObject
OBJ DENS) means that the tangible thing OBJ has the #$Density DENS.
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direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Hardness hardnesses
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Hardness is a
level of pressure a tangible material can withstand before
deforming or fragmenting. Hardnesses may be characterized
using a #$GenericValueFunction (q.v.), or relative to
certain substances, e.g., #$HardAsARock. See also the
predicate #$hardnessOfObject,
which relates a physical object to its level of #$Hardness.
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direct instance of:
#$MaterialStrengthType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$hardnessOfObject hardness
of object
(#$hardnessOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the instance of #$SolidTangibleThing
OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Hardness.
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direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Rigidity rigidness (quantity)
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Rigidity is a
property of rigidity belonging to physical objects. See also
the predicate #$rigidityOfObject,
which relates a physical object to its #$Rigidity.
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direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$rigidityOfObject rigidness
(physical attribute description slot)
(#$rigidityOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has this
DEGREE of #$Rigidity. A
higher DEGREE of #$Rigidity means
more force is required to change the shape of OBJ than for a
lower DEGREE.
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direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Compressibility levels
of compressibility
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Compressibility
is a specific capacity of a physical object to be
compressed. Compressibility may be measured with a
#$GenericValueFunction. Compressibilities of objects are
indicated with the predicate #$compressibilityOfObject (q.v.).
guid: be00ba02-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$compressibilityOfObject compressibility
of object
(#$compressibilityOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) indicates how readily the tangible object OBJ
can be compressed to a smaller volume. The higher the DEGREE
of compressibility, the more easily the object can be
compressed to a smaller volume. A related concept is #$elasticityOfObject.
guid: be00baaa-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Cohesiveness cohesiveness
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Cohesiveness
is a specific capacity of a physical object to cohere.
Instances of #$Cohesiveness
include #$RigidlyCohesive, #$LiquidCohesiveness, and
#$HumanlySeparable. Cohesiveness of objects is indicated
with the predicate #$cohesivenessOfObject.
guid: be00bb30-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$cohesivenessOfObject cohesiveness
of object
(#$cohesivenessOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) indicates how tightly a tangible object OBJ
coheres. A higher value of DEGREE means that it is harder to
separate away chunks from the object. Degrees of #$Cohesiveness
may be indicated using a #$GenericValueFunction (e.g.
(#$MediumAmountFn #$Cohesiveness).
guid: be00bb87-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$ShearStrength shear strength
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$ShearStrength
is a specific capacity of some physical object to resist the
slipping of one segment in relation to another. Shear
strengths are designated using a #$GenericValueFunction;
higher value means more resistance to slippage. Shear
strengths of objects are indicated with the predicate #$shearStrengthOfObject.
guid: bd58d29e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly #$ScalarInterval
#$shearStrengthOfObject shear
strength of object
(#$shearStrengthOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has a DEGREE
amount of #$ShearStrength,
i.e., resistance to shearing stress.
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direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Fragile fragilities
An instance of #$DegreeOfFragility and a
specialization of #$SolidTangibleThing.
Each instance of #$Fragile is a
physical object that easily breaks.
guid: bd58f203-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$DegreeOfFragility
direct specialization of:
#$SolidTangibleThing
#$fragilityOfObject fragility
of object
(#$fragilityOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the
#$DegreeOfFragility DEGREE. The higher the fragility, the
more easily the object can be broken.
guid: bd58f1cb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
direct specialization of:
#$isa #$hasAttributes
#$Ductility ductilities
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Ductility is a
specific capacity of a physical material to be stretched,
drawn, or hammered thin without breaking. Different degrees
of ductility may be represented using a
#$GenericValueFunction. Ductilities of objects are indicated
with the predicate #$ductilityOfObject.
guid: bd589773-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MaterialStrengthType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$ductilityOfObject ductility
of object
(#$ductilityOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the instance of #$SolidTangibleThing
OBJ has this DEGREE of #$Ductility (q.v.).
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direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$TensileStrength tensile strength
A collection of attributes; a subcollection of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$TensileStrength
describes a specific capacity of a physical object to
withstand a force pulling it apart. The higher the tensile
strength of the object, the higher the force required to
pull the object apart. Different tensile strengths may be
represented using a #$GenericValueFunction. Tensile
strengths of objects are indicated with the predicate #$tensileStrengthOfSubstance.
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direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$tensileStrengthOfSubstance tensile
strength of substance
(#$tensileStrengthOfSubstance
OBJ DEGREE) indicates the relative force needed to pull the
tangible OBJ apart. A higher DEGREE of #$TensileStrength
indicates more force is required to pull the object apart.
guid: bd58b936-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Malleability malleabilities
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Malleability
is a specific capacity of a physical material to be shaped
or formed. Different degrees of malleability may be
designated using a #$GenericValueFunction. Malleability of
objects is indicated with the predicate #$malleabilityOfObject (q.v.).
guid: bd58955d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MaterialStrengthType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$malleabilityOfObject malleability
of object
(#$malleabilityOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) indicates that the instance of #$SolidTangibleThing
OBJ has the degree of #$Malleability DEGREE.
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direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Elasticity elasticity
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Elasticity is
a specific ability of a physical material to quickly and
completely return to its original shape after deformation
that does not induce breakage, without permanent change to
its original dimensions. For example, billiard balls have a
high degree of elasticity in this sense. Elasticities of
objects are indicated with the predicate #$elasticityOfObject.
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direct instance of:
#$MaterialStrengthType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$elasticityOfObject elasticity
of object
a predicate relating an instance of #$SolidTangibleThing
to an instance of #$Elasticity. (#$elasticityOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) indicates how readily the solid tangible thing
OBJ returns to its original shape after being deformed (but
not broken). The higher the DEGREE of elasticity, the more
quickly and completely the object returns to its previous
shape. Billiard balls, for example, are highly elastic in
this sense.
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direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Viscosity viscosities
A collection of attributes; a subcollection of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Viscosity
represents a specific viscosity (i.e., `runniness') of some
substance. The lower the viscosity of a substance, the more
easily it flows or spreads out. Vicosities of objects are
indicated with the predicate #$viscosityOfSubstance.
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direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType #$MeasurableAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly #$ScalarInterval
#$viscosityOfSubstance viscosity
of substance
(#$viscosityOfSubstance
LIQ VISC) means that the #$LiquidTangibleThing
LIQ has the #$Viscosity VISC.
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direct instance of:
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Porosity porosity
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Porosity is a
specific porosity of some physical object. Different
porosities may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions.
Porosities of objects are indicated with the predicate #$porosityOfObject (q.v.).
guid: be00c216-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly #$ScalarInterval
#$porosityOfObject porosity
of object
(#$porosityOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the
degree of #$Porosity DEGREE.
guid: be00c2f5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Flammability flammabilities (quantities)
A collection of attributes; a subcollection of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Flammability
represents a specific readiness with which some tangible
substance burns. Different degrees of #$Flammability
are represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Flammability
of an object is indicated with the predicate #$flammabilityOfObject.
guid: bd58ff84-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of: #$Interval-BoundedBelow #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$flammabilityOfObject flammability
(physical attribute description slot)
(#$flammabilityOfObject
SUBST DEGREE) means that the tangible SUBST has this DEGREE
of #$Flammability.
A higher value of DEGREE describes objects that catch fire
and burn more quickly and easily than those with a lower value.
guid: bd58b60b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Volatility volatilities (quantities)
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Volatility is
a specific readiness of some liquid to evaporate. Higher
volatility indicates a faster rate of evaporation.
Volatilities of substances are indicated with the predicate
#$volatilityOfSubstance (q.v.).
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direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType #$MeasurableAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$volatilityOfSubstance volatility
(physical attribute description slot)
(#$volatilityOfSubstance
SUBST DEGREE) indicates how volatile SUBST is. Objects with
a higher DEGREE of #$Volatility
evaporate more readily than objects with a lower DEGREE.
guid: bd58b691-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$CorrosionResistance corrosion resistance
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$CorrosionResistance
is a specific level of resistance to corrosion had by some
tangible object. Degrees of #$CorrosionResistance
may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Indicate a
particular object's #$CorrosionResistance
with the predicate #$resistanceToCorrosion.
guid: be00bd14-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$resistanceToCorrosion resistance
to corrosion
(#$resistanceToCorrosion
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the
stated DEGREE of #$CorrosionResistance.
The higher DEGREE is, the less readily OBJ will corrode.
guid: be00bdac-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$RadiationResistance radiation resistance
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$RadiationResistance
is a specific capacity of a tangible object to resist
radiation. Degrees of #$RadiationResistance
may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Indicate a
particular object's #$RadiationResistance
with the predicate #$resistanceToRadiation.
guid: be00bea1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$resistanceToRadiation resistance
to radiation
(#$resistanceToRadiation
OBJ DEGREE) indicates how resistant a tangible object OBJ is
to radiation. A higher DEGREE of resistance means that an
object is less penetrable by #$ElectromagneticRadiation.
guid: be00bf05-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$BioDeteriorationResistance bio
deterioration resistance
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$BioDeteriorationResistance
is a specific capacity of a tangible object to resist
biological deterioration. Degrees of #$BioDeteriorationResistance
may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions. Indicate a
particular object's #$BioDeteriorationResistance
with the predicate #$resistanceToBioDeterioration.
guid: be00bf59-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly #$ScalarInterval
#$resistanceToBioDeterioration resistance
to bio deterioration
(#$resistanceToBioDeterioration
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the
indicated DEGREE of resistance to biological deterioration.
guid: be00c047-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Pressure pressures (quantities)
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Pressure is a
specific measure of a force exerted on some surface. Degrees
of #$Pressure
may be represented using #$GenericValueFunctions or with
qualitative collections (e.g., #$BruisingPressure,
#$FracturingPressure, #$ImperceptiblePressure). Indicate the
#$Pressure
of a particular fluid with the predicate #$fluidPressure
(q.v.); indicate atmospheric pressure with #$barometricPressure (q.v.).
guid: bd58ed13-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$fluidPressure fluid pressure
(#$fluidPressure
FLUID PRESS) means that the #$FluidTangibleThing
FLUID exerts the #$Pressure PRESS
at its surface.
guid: bd589144-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$barometricPressure barometric pressure
(#$barometricPressure
GAS PRESS) means that the instance of #$GaseousTangibleThing
GAS has the #$Pressure PRESS.
Typically, GAS is a piece of atmosphere; #$barometricPressure
indicates the atmospheric pressure in and around that `object'.
guid: bd58a16f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$Speed speeds (quantities)
A specialization of both #$Rate and #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Speed is a rate of
change in position (of an object, wave front, etc.).
Instances of #$Speed may be either
fixed amounts, such as (#$MilesPerHour
55), or a range, such as #$WalkingSpeed or #$Calm-WindSpeed.
guid: bd5891b3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$Rate
#$speedOfObject-Translation speed
(interval based quantity slot)
The predicate #$speedOfObject-Translation
is used to give the speed with which an object is moving in
a particular translational motion. Velocity has a speed and
direction. Speed is a scalar quantity, i.e., it has no
direction, only magnitude. Thus, `100 miles per hour
straight up' is a velocity, and `100 miles per hour' is the
corresponding speed.
guid: bd58f397-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$Color colors (physical attributes)
A subcollection of both #$PhysicalAttribute
and #$SensoryAttribute.
Each instance of #$Color is a specific
color attribute of some object or substance. Instances of #$Color are #$CompositeAttributes,
since they can vary along several dimensions (e.g., hue,
brightness, chroma). Instances of #$Color include
#$RedColor, #$BlackColor, and #$GoldColor-Generic. Indicate
a particular object's #$Color with one of
the following predicates: #$objectHasColor,
#$mainColorOfObject, or #$uniformColorOfObject.
guid: bd588231-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$SiblingDisjointAttributeType
#$CompositeAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$AttributeValue
direct generalization of: #$HumanSkinColor
#$objectHasColor object
has color
(#$objectHasColor
OBJECT COLOR) means that some visible part of OBJECT is
colored COLOR. This is the most general of the color
predicates; for more specialized predicates see e.g.
#$mainColorOfObject and #$uniformColorOfObject. Note that,
unlike these latter two predicates, #$objectHasColor
is _not_ a specialization of #$hasAttributes.
This is because an object's having some part that's a
certain color does not entail that the object itself, as a
whole, is characterized by that color in the sense of having
it as an attribute.
guid: bd58a3e0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ObjectPredicate
#$BinaryAttributePredicate #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate
direct specialization of: #$possessiveRelation
#$Transparency transparencies
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Transparency
is a capacity of some tangible object to transmit light.
Instances of #$Transparency
include #$Opaque,
#$Translucent,
and #$Transparent.
See also the predicate #$transparencyOfObject,
which relates an object to its #$Transparency.
guid: bd58f8db-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MeasurableAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$Opaque opaque
#$Opaque
is a #$PhysicalAttribute
representing a specific degree of #$Transparency.
#$Opaque
objects do not transmit light. See also #$transparencyOfObject.
guid: bd58fa7e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$ScalarInterval
#$Individual
#$Translucent translucence
#$Translucent
is a #$PhysicalAttribute
representing a specific degree of #$Transparency.
#$Translucent
objects can transmit light, but not enough to see clear
images. See also #$transparencyOfObject.
guid: bd589226-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$Individual
#$Transparent colorlessness
#$Transparent
is a #$PhysicalAttribute
representing a specific degree of #$Transparency.
#$Transparent
objects transmit enough light to see clear images. See also
#$transparencyOfObject.
guid: bd58de31-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$Individual
#$transparencyOfObject transparency
of object
(#$transparencyOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has an
intrinsic #$Transparency
to light of the specified DEGREE. Higher values indicate
that more light will pass through the substance and with
less distortion.
guid: bd58f9fc-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$Dirtiness dirtiness
A specialization of #$ScalarInterval.
Each instance of the collection #$Dirtiness is a
specific level of dirtiness (or, alternatively,
cleanliness). Instances of #$Dirtiness
include #$Dirty, #$ReallyDirty, #$ALittleDirty, #$Clean, and
#$Sterile. Indicate a particular object's #$Dirtiness with
the predicate #$dirtinessOfObject (q.v.).
guid: bd58d42d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$dirtinessOfObject dirtiness
of object
(#$dirtinessOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has this
DEGREE of #$Dirtiness.
guid: bd58e326-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
States Of Matter
#$MatterTypeByPhysicalState states
of matter
A collection of collections. Each instance #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState
is collection of instances of #$PartiallyTangible
that are in one of the basic physical states of matter. The
only four elements of this collection are #$Solid-StateOfMatter,
#$Liquid-StateOfMatter,
#$Gaseous-StateOfMatter,
and #$Plasma-StateOfMatter. Although the chemical
composition of a substance does not change when its basic
physical state changes, many of its intrinsic physical
properties do change--including its density, viscosity,
brittleness, color, size, etc. States of matter concern the
organization of matter at the molecular level, as determined
by temperature and pressure. Changes in temperature and or
pressure will cause matter in one physical state to
transform into another (see #$StateOfMatterChangeEvent).
guid: bd589108-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$CollectionType
direct specialization of:
#$Collection
#$Solid-StateOfMatter solids
(tangible things)
A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible
and an instance of #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState.
Each instance of #$Solid-StateOfMatter
is an object in the solid state of matter. Objects in the
solid state of matter are at a sufficiently low enough
temperature or high enough pressure for the particular type
of matter involved that the molecules of the matter are
bonded to each other by various sorts of forces, and don't
move away from their neighbors. Solid objects are
characterized at the macroscopic level by definite,
persistent boundaries, independent of container. Examples of
things that typically have this AttributeValue are: a piece
of aluminum foil, a lump of coal, a quartz crystal, a gold
ingot stored in Fort Knox.
guid: bd58d956-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MatterTypeByPhysicalState
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
#$Liquid-StateOfMatter liquid
A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible
and an instance of #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState.
Each instance of #$Liquid-StateOfMatter
is an object in the liquid state of matter. Objects in the
liquid state of matter are at a temperature and pressure
such that the molecules of the matter move freely relative
to their neighbors, but are not excited enough to break
free. Liquid objects are characterized at the macroscopic
level by special qualities of flow, such as being Pourable
and conforming to whatever container they occupy. Examples
of things that typically have this attribute are: liquid
nitrogen; the water component of a gallon of seawater; a
lump of mercury at room temperature; and some molten silver
about to be poured into a teapot mold.
guid: bd590948-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MatterTypeByPhysicalState
direct specialization of:
#$Gaseous-StateOfMatter gaseous
A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible
and an instance of #$MatterTypeByPhysicalState.
Each instance of #$Gaseous-StateOfMatter
is an object in the gaseous state of matter. Objects in the
gaseous state of matter are at a high enough temperature or
low enough pressure for the type of matter involved that the
molecules are not bonded even weakly to their neighbors, and
readily break free. Gaseous objects are characterized at the
macroscopic level by having diffuse boundaries (when outside
of containers), no shape independent of a container, and by
great expandability and compressibility. Examples of things
that typically have this attribute are: the helium in a
child's balloon; the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere; the water
vapor in Earth's atmosphere.
guid: bd58bd5f-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$MatterTypeByPhysicalState
direct specialization of:
#$stateOfMatter state
of matter
The predicate #$stateOfMatter
is used to indicate the physical state of a tangible thing.
(#$stateOfMatter
THING STATE) means that the #$PartiallyTangible
THING is in the physical state STATE, where STATE is an
instance of #$StateOfMatter-SolidLiquidGaseous.
guid: bd58bd1c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$BinaryPredicate #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate
direct specialization of:
#$isa
#$boilingPoint boiling point
(#$boilingPoint
STUFF TEMP) means that TEMP is the temperature at which the
substance STUFF changes from having the attribute
#$LiquidStateOfMatter to #$GaseousStateOfMatter (when
sufficient energy is input to raise STUFF's temperature
through that point). Note that the boiling point of most
substances is context-dependent; on a mountaintop in Tibet
the boiling point of water is much lower than it is in New
York City.
guid: bd58b243-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$freezingPoint freezing point
(#$freezingPoint
STUFF TEMP) means that TEMP is the temperature at which the
substance STUFF changes from having the attribute
#$LiquidStateOfMatter to #$SolidStateOfMatter (when
sufficient energy is output to lower STUFF's temperature
through this point). Note that the freezing point of most
substances is context-dependent (e.g., based on altitude and
other factors.)
guid: bd58b201-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleStuffStateType tangible
stuff state type
A collection of collections. Each instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType
is a collection of all pieces of tangible stuff that are
associated with only a single physical state (i.e.,
structural phase). This includes collections both (1) of
substances which exist only in one state (e.g., #$Diamond)
and (2) of stuff which by definition has a certain state
(e.g., ice, or gels of any composition). Instances of #$TangibleStuffStateType
include #$SolidTangibleThing,
#$Air, and (#$LiquidFn
#$Water). Note that #$Water is _not_ an instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType,
since instances of #$Water can be in more than one physical state.
guid: be00c400-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of:
#$ExistingStuffType
#$SolidTangibleThing solid objects
An instance of #$ExistingStuffType,
and a specialization of #$PartiallyTangible.
Each instance of #$SolidTangibleThing
is a piece of stuff possessing many of the properties that
matter in a solid state (see the constant
#$SolidStateOfMatter) exhibits (although not all instances
of #$SolidTangibleThing
are formally in a solid state). Instances have a shape
independent from their container, and, when deformed with
sufficient force (which may be small for weak, brittle
materials or high for materials that deform easily), they
break. Examples of #$SolidTangibleThings
include: pieces of substances in a solid state of matter,
such as ice cubes; solid mixtures like a quarter-dollar coin
or a paper bag; and complex mixtures of biological origin
that behave like solids, e.g., bone. Collections of the
solid form of any type of stuff can be created using #$SolidFn (q.v.).
guid: bd58c494-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
direct generalization of: #$MineralOre #$Animal
#$ProtectiveSystem #$Fragile
#$Connection-Physical #$Pump-Generic #$HolderGripper #$StructuralSupportStuff
#$HardcopyInformationBearingObject
#$Mineral #$PortalCovering
#$Conveyance-Stationary #$MountableTransporter #$Conveyance
#$Leather #$ChordataPhylum
#$SolidTangibleProduct
#$SemiSolidTangibleThing semisolids
The collection of tangible things that are
tactually intermediate between solids and fluids. When a
force is first applied to a semisolid object, it deforms
substantially and does not break or crack. It may return to
its original shape, like a sponge, or retain the shape which
resulted from the applied force, like soft clay. As with #$SolidTangibleThings,
semisolids have shapes independent of their containers (see
#$ContainerIndependentShape) and they cannot be poured.
guid: be00cc3a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
direct generalization of:
#$Organ
#$LiquidTangibleThing liquid objects
The collection of all portions of liquid; a
subcollection of #$PartiallyTangible
and an instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType.
Each instance of #$LiquidTangibleThing
is a tangible thing that has similar properties to those
exhibited by things in the #$LiquidStateOfMatter.
Specifically, its volume is relatively constant at varying
pressures, and it freely changes shape (e.g. to conform to
the shape of its container). Liquids can never be said to
break. Note that not all #$LiquidTangibleThings
are in #$LiquidStateOfMatter: state-of-matter attributes
(see #$StateOfMatter-SolidLiquidGaseous) apply only to
quantities consisting of a single type of substance, whereas
liquids can be mixtures of different substances. Examples of
#$LiquidTangibleThings
include all substances in the #$LiquidStateOfMatter, such as
the water in a room-temperature glass of beer; liquid/liquid
mixtures like the beer itself; solutions of solids in
liquids, such as sea water; emulsions, such as milk; and
suspensions of solids in liquids, like blood. Compare #$FluidTangibleThing
and #$GaseousTangibleThing.
guid: bd58d2a0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of:
#$FluidTangibleThing
direct generalization of: #$Oil #$Drink
#$GaseousTangibleThing gaseous objects
A specialization of #$FluidTangibleThing.
Each instance of #$GaseousTangibleThing
is a partially tangible thing which possesses a number of
the salient properties exhibited by substances in a gaseous
state (see the constant #$GaseousStateOfMatter). To be more
specific, each instance of #$GaseousTangibleThing
is compressible, and the shape of each instance would
completely conform to the boundaries of a vessel containing
it. Examples of #$GaseousTangibleThing
include pieces of matter in a gaseous state (such as the
helium in a child's balloon), mixtures of gases such as
#$TheAtmosphereQuaSinglePieceOfStuff, and suspensions of
liquids and solids in gas, such as instances of #$Fog or #$Smoke.
guid: bd58c52b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of:
#$FluidTangibleThing
direct generalization of: #$Air #$Mist
#$FluidTangibleThing fluid
A subcollection of #$PartiallyTangible
and an instance of #$TangibleStuffStateType.
Each instance of #$FluidTangibleThing
is a tangible thing that can flow. This includes gases,
liquids, and granular fluids (i.e. tangible things that are
#$Pourable,
such as sand); see #$GaseousTangibleThing,
#$LiquidTangibleThing,
and #$GranularFluid. Instances of #$FluidTangibleThing
include the air in Austin, the water in #$LakeErie, a
particular chunk of snow, the sand on the beach at Malibu,
and the mercury in a thermometer. Non-instances include an
air molecule, a snowflake, a grain of sand, a boulder, and a
hunk of bread dough.
guid: bd58d1e3-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleStuffStateType
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
direct generalization of:
#$LiquidTangibleThing
#$GranularFluid #$GaseousTangibleThing
#$FreeSpaceContent
#$SolidFn solid fn
A #$CollectionDenotingFunction.
#$SolidFn
takes as an argument a collection COL, membership in which
is based only on physical and/or chemical composition and
not on any other property (see #$TangibleStuffCompositionType).
(#$SolidFn
COL) is the collection of elements of COL that are in solid
form (i.e., are instances of #$SolidTangibleThing),
including objects having #$SolidStateOfMatter as well as
mixtures which behave like solids. E.g., the ice cubes in my
lemonade belong to the collection (#$SolidFn
#$Water-Fresh); the glass in a window is an instance of (#$SolidFn #$Glass).
guid: c0fcd7d0-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnaryIntersectionFunction #$Individual
#$LiquidFn liquid fn
A #$CollectionDenotingFunction.
#$LiquidFn
takes as an argument a collection COL, membership in which
is based only on physical and/or chemical composition and
not on any other property (see #$TangibleStuffCompositionType).
(#$LiquidFn
COL) is the collection of elements of COL that are in liquid
form (i.e., are instances of #$LiquidTangibleThing),
including elements having #$LiquidStateOfMatter, but also
including various mixtures that behave like liquids (see the
comment on #$LiquidTangibleThing).
For example, a quantity of water as dispensed from a faucet
is an instance of (#$LiquidFn
#$Water); a glass of apple juice, in its drinkable state, is
an instance of (#$LiquidFn #$AppleJuice).
guid: c0fcd7df-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnaryIntersectionFunction #$Individual
#$GaseousFn gaseous fn
A #$CollectionDenotingFunction.
#$GaseousFn takes
as an argument a collection COL, membership in which is
based only on physical and/or chemical composition and not
on any other property (see #$TangibleStuffCompositionType).
(#$GaseousFn COL)
is the collection of elements of COL that are in gaseous
form (i.e., are instances of #$GaseousTangibleThing)
inluding objects having #$GaseousStateOfMatter as well as
mixtures that behave like gasses. For example, all the water
vapor in the atmosphere is an instance of (#$GaseousFn #$Water).
guid: c0fcd7ed-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$UnaryIntersectionFunction #$Individual
Solubility
#$Solubility solubility
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$Solubility
describes how readily some tangible substance dissolves in
some kind of liquid. Different levels of #$Solubility may
be represented with #$GenericValueFunctions or qualitatively
(e.g., #$WillDissolve, #$Insoluble).
guid: be00aad7-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType #$MeasurableAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval #$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly
#$waterSolubility water solubility
(#$waterSolubility
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible OBJ has this DEGREE of
#$Solubility in
water. A higher value of DEGREE indicates that a substance
dissolves more readily and completely than one with a lower solubility.
guid: be00ab6d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$oilSolubility oil solubility
(#$oilSolubility
OBJ DEGREE) means that the particular tangible OBJ has this
DEGREE of #$Solubility in #$Oil.
guid: be00abdd-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$solubleIn soluble in
(#$solubleIn
SOLUTE SOLVENT) means that the piece of #$PartiallyTangible
stuff SOLUTE will ordinarily dissolve if placed into the #$LiquidTangibleThing
SOLVENT. See also #$Solubility.
guid: bd58c479-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$InterExistingObjectSlot
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$solubilityOfSubstInSubst solubility
of subst in subst
(#$solubilityOfSubstInSubst
SOLUTE SOLVENT DEGREE) means that the #$PartiallyTangible
SOLUTE dissolves in the SOLVENT with this DEGREE of #$Solubility (q.v.).
guid: be00a8fb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$FunctionalPredicate
#$TernaryPredicate
#$WaterSolubleStuff water
soluble stuff
A collection of tangibles. Each element of #$WaterSolubleStuff
is a tangible thing that can dissolve in water. For example,
instances of the collections #$Soap-Personal,
#$LaundryDetergent, #$Sugar-Table.
guid: bd58f037-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleStuffCompositionType
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
#$Absorbency absorbency
A collection of attributes; a subset of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each element of #$Absorbency is
an attribute describing how readily some substance absorbs
some liquid. Different levels of #$Absorbency may
be indicated qualitatively (e.g., #$WillAbsorb), or
relatively, using #$GenericValueFunctions. A particular
thing's absorbency is indicated with the predicate #$absorbencyOfSubstInSubst.
guid: be00cca9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$PhysicalAttributeOfTangibleOnly #$ScalarInterval
#$absorbencyOfSubstInSubst absorbency
of subst in subst
(#$absorbencyOfSubstInSubst
SUBST ABSORBER-TYPE ATTRIB) indicates that the particular
#$TangibleThing SUBST is absorbed by stuff of the #$ExistingStuffType
ABSORBER-TYPE with the #$Absorbency ATTRIB.
guid: be00a73d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$FunctionalPredicate
#$TernaryPredicate
#$GaseousDensity gaseous density
A measurable physical attribute. The element of #$Density that
represents the physical attribute typical of gases. Density
lower than that of most liquids.
guid: be0107db-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$Density #$Individual
Electrical Conductivity
#$ConductingMedium conducting media
An instance of #$ExistingStuffType,
and a specialization of #$PartiallyTangible.
Each instance of #$ConductingMedium
is a partially tangible object that can serve as a
conductor, e.g., for heat or electricity. Specializations
include #$PowerLine, #$Superconductor, and #$ElectricalWire.
guid: bd58887d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
direct generalization of:
#$ElectricalConductor
#$ElectricalConductor conductor
(tangible thing)
An instance of #$ExistingStuffType,
and a specialization of #$ConductingMedium.
Each instance of #$ElectricalConductor
is a partially tangible thing that can conduct electricity.
Instances include power cords, electrical plugs, and pieces
of metal.
guid: bd588903-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$ConductingMedium
direct generalization of:
#$Metal
#$SemiconductorStuff semiconductors
(tangible things)
A specialization of #$PartiallyTangible.
Each instance of #$SemiconductorStuff
can, under varying electrical fields, behave as an
electrical insulator at times and an electrical conductor at
other times.
guid: be011871-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$PartiallyTangible
#$ElectricalResistance electrical resistance
A specialization of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$ElectricalResistance
is a measure of the resistance to electrical flow through an
object. Instances of #$ElectricalResistance
include #$InsulatorResistance,
#$ConductorResistance,
#$SemiconductorResistance,
and #$SuperconductorResistance.
guid: bd589bb2-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$DerivedNumericAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
#$SuperconductorResistance superconductor resistance
An instance of #$ElectricalResistance.
#$SuperconductorResistance
is the level of electrical resistance found in objects which
have absolutely no resistance to the passage of electricity
(i.e., in objects that are instances of #$Superconductor).
guid: be01f327-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ElectricalResistance
#$Individual
#$ConductorResistance conductor resistance
An instance of #$ElectricalResistance.
#$ConductorResistance
is a very low level of electrical resistance; any object
having #$ConductorResistance
readily conducts electricity. See also #$resistanceOfObject.
guid: be00f83b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ElectricalResistance
#$Individual
#$SemiconductorResistance semiconductor resistance
An instance of #$ElectricalResistance.
#$SemiconductorResistance
is the level of resistance found in instances of #$SemiconductorStuff.
See also #$resistanceOfObject.
guid: be00f84a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ElectricalResistance
#$Individual
#$InsulatorResistance insulator resistance
An instance of #$ElectricalResistance.
#$InsulatorResistance
is a very high level of electrical resistance; objects
having #$InsulatorResistance
conduct no electricity at all. See also #$resistanceOfObject.
guid: be00f859-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ElectricalResistance
#$Individual
#$resistanceOfObject resistance
(tangible object predicate)
(#$resistanceOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has this
DEGREE of #$ElectricalResistance.
A lower value of DEGREE indicates OBJ is a better conductor,
i.e., one that conducts with less energy lost to heat.
guid: bd5897a4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
Thermal Conductivity
#$ThermalConductivity thermal conductivity
A collection of attributes; a subcollection of #$PhysicalAttribute.
Each instance of #$ThermalConductivity
represents a specific ability of some physical object to
conduct heat. An individual object's #$ThermalConductivity
is indicated with the predicate #$thermalConductivityOfObject.
guid: be00cd9e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$LinearOrderAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$ScalarInterval
(#$LowAmountFn
#$ThermalConductivity) a low
level of thermal conductivity
Note On Non-Atomic Terms
direct instance of:
#$ScalarInterval
direct specialization of:
(#$MediumAmountFn
#$ThermalConductivity) a medium
level of thermal conductivity
Note On Non-Atomic Terms
direct instance of:
#$ScalarInterval
direct specialization of:
(#$HighAmountFn
#$ThermalConductivity) a high
level of thermal conductivity
Note On Non-Atomic Terms
direct instance of:
#$ScalarInterval
direct specialization of:
#$thermalConductivityOfObject thermal
conductivity of object
(#$thermalConductivityOfObject
OBJ DEGREE) means that the tangible object OBJ has the #$ThermalConductivity
attribute DEGREE. Objects with higher values of DEGREE
conduct heat faster and better (i.e., with less heat loss)
than those with a lower #$ThermalConductivity.
guid: be00abc4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleObjectPredicate
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
Structural Attributes
#$physicalStructuralAttributes physical
structural attributes
(#$physicalStructuralAttributes
OBJ ATT) means that the physical structure of the tangible
object OBJ is (at least partially) determined or described
by its attribute ATT. See also #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute.
guid: bd58b8d8-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$BinaryAttributePredicate
direct specialization of:
#$hasAttributes
#$PhysicalStructuralAttribute physical
structural attributes
A specialization of #$AttributeValue.
Each instance of #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
is a physical attribute that determines or describes the
structure of a tangible object. These attributes are
qualitative, not measurable; in that way, they are unlike
the instances of #$Density, #$Mass, #$Elasticity, #$ThermalConductivity,
and other attributes which are instances of #$ScalarInterval.
Examples of #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute:
#$Granular,
#$Powdery,
#$Paste-Form, #$Brittle,
#$Collapsible, #$Hollow, #$Woven, #$Burnt. An individual
object's #$PhysicalStructuralAttributes
are indicated with the predicate #$physicalStructuralAttributes (q.v.).
guid: bd58fce5-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$UnorderedAttributeType
direct specialization of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Powdery powdery
A physical attribute. #$Powdery is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
which describes a solid that has the form of a powder. #$Powdery stuff is
#$Pourable
and composed of multiple granules of solids.
guid: bd58d489-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$Granular granular
A physical attribute. #$Granular is the
#$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
that describes a solid that consists of granules and has a
grainy texture; e.g., sand, sugar, salt.
guid: bd58f710-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$Misty-PhysicalState misty
A physical attribute. #$Misty-PhysicalState
is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
that characterizes mist; i.e., being a mixture of a gaseous
substance with suspended particles of liquid.
guid: bd58d50d-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$LongAndThin long
and thin
A physical attribute. #$LongAndThin
is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
that characterizes a tangible object which has one dimension
whose length exceeds that of each of the other two
dimensions by at least a factor of three. E.g., pencils,
straws, telephone wire, submarines, skyscrapers. Cf. #$SheetShaped.
guid: c0f2a0fe-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$SheetShaped panel
(physical attribute)
An instance of #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute.
#$SheetShaped
is an attribute of a tangible object that is flat and spread
out, planar, and neither fully crumpled nor compactly
folded. An object with this attribute has two opposing
surfaces which have the attribute #$Flat (q.v.). The other
surfaces have much smaller area than the two main flat
surfaces. Thus, one of the three orthogonal dimensions
(length, width or height) in an object having the attribute
#$SheetShaped
is much smaller than the other two. Ice over ponds, and
sheets of paint on a house are all possible examples of
objects having this attribute. A bedspread is #$SheetShaped
only if it is not folded into a small cube or crumpled. See
#$CurrentShapeVsIntrinsicShape. For describing a sheet of
something (e.g., waxed paper, aluminum foil, cloth)
regardless of its configuration, use #$SheetOfSomeStuff.
For 'one-sided' surfaces (see #$SurfaceOnTangibleObject),
such as 'TheGreatPlains' #$SheetShaped
is not appropriate but #$Flat is appropriate.
guid: bd58c6d6-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$Paste-Form pastelike
A physical attribute. #$Paste-Form is
the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
which describes solids that are pastelike in texture and
consistency. They are very easily deformed, and they tend to
remain in the deformed shape afterwards, provided that they
don't collapse under their own weight. Things having #$Paste-Form
don't exhibit much elastic deformation at all - they don't ''jiggle''.
guid: be0104a9-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$Rigid rigid
A physical attribute. #$Rigid is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
of solids which are stiff--neither flexible nor foldable nor
elastic. Examples of rigid things: bricks, wooden boards,
steel. Non-rigid things: sand, rubber, cloth. Borderline: lampshades.
guid: bd58926a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$Foldable foldable
A physical attribute. #$Foldable is the
#$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
of being foldable in a flexible way, like towels or paper.
Note a distinction between #$Foldable objects
and #$Collapsible objects: #$Collapsible objects are #$Rigid objects
collapsed by means of #$HingedJoints, while #$Foldable objects
are flexible overall.
guid: bd58b488-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$Bendable bendable
A physical attribute. #$Bendable is the
#$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
of an object that tends to stay in the contorted shape when
contorted. Note: for something to be bendable, it must be #$Flexible.
guid: bd58874c-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$Flexible flexible
A physical attribute. #$Flexible is the
#$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
of a tangible object that can be flexed, twisted, contorted.
#$Flexible
objects which retain their contorted shape are described as
#$Bendable (q.v.).
guid: bd58c716-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$Brittle brittle
A physical attribute. #$Brittle is the #$PhysicalStructuralAttribute
of a substance which breaks easily when subjected to a low
or moderate impact or application of force, such as most
instances of #$Glass.
guid: bd58d4cb-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$Pourable pourable
A physical attribute. #$Pourable is the
structural attribute of a tangible thing that is capable of
flowing. #$Pourable things
don't have intrinsic shape, but instead take the shape of
their containers. When acted on by a force, a #$Pourable thing
changes shape at a rate proportional to the force. (In
addition, #$Pourable things
may be easily separated into multiple pieces; however, such
a separation is not a breaking or shearing.) Mobs of
particles, such as portions of sand or snow, are #$Pourable; but a
gelatin-like semisolid is not. See also #$SemiSolidTangibleThing.
guid: bd58914b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$AttributeValue
#$Individual
#$derivedFrom derivative
(inter existing object slot)
(#$derivedFrom
PRODUCT MATERIAL) means that PRODUCT has been made from
MATERIAL by an irreversible process; e.g., an element of
#$Table-PieceOfFurniture may have been #$derivedFrom
an instance of #$MapleTree. Note that #$derivedFrom
is NOT transitive: A particular Door121 may be derived from
OakTree53, SandMob442, and several other things.
Subsequently, someone may break down the door and make
Mallet0234 out of some of the wood and a WindowPane120825
out of some (or all) of the glass. Both Mallet0234 and
WindowPane120825 are #$derivedFrom
Door121, but Mallet0234 is not #$derivedFrom
SandMob442, nor is WindowPane120825 #$derivedFrom OakTree53.
guid: bd589599-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$InterExistingObjectSlot
#$AsymmetricBinaryPredicate
direct specialization of: #$comesFrom-Generic
#$conceptuallyRelated
#$physicalStructuralIntegrity physical
structural integrity
(#$physicalStructuralIntegrity
SUBST DEGREE) means that the tangible object SUBST has
DEGREE ability to maintain its physical structure intact in
the face of various forces. DEGREE is an instance of
#$GenericQuantity. The #$physicalStructuralIntegrity
of an object may be inferred from some of its other physical
attributes; e.g., something with the #$physicalStructuralAttributes
#$Granular
has a #$Low degree of #$physicalStructuralIntegrity;
things whose #$stateOfMatter
is #$LiquidStateOfMatter have #$VeryLow #$physicalStructuralIntegrity.
guid: bd58ec3b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$StructuralSupportStuff structural
support stuff
A specialization of #$SolidTangibleThing.
Each instance of #$StructuralSupportStuff
is a hard, rigid substance typically providing some kind of
structural support. For example, the instances of #$Wood,
#$BoneTheStuff, #$StoneStuff, leaf veins.
guid: be010813-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of:
#$ExistingStuffType
direct specialization of:
#$SolidTangibleThing
direct generalization of: #$Wood #$StoneStuff
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