home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- *********************************************************************
- This article is being presented through the *StarBoard* Journal of
- the FlagShip/StarShip, SIGS (Special Interest Groups) on the
- Delphi and GEnie telecommunications networks. Permission is
- hereby granted to non-profit organizations only to reprint this
- article or pass it along electronically as long as proper credit
- is given to both the author (when known) and the *StarBoard* Journal.
- *********************************************************************
-
- 1700 Ram Expansion Module
-
- by Harry Flaxman (HARRYF)
-
-
- The first memory module to be released for the C-128 is the 1700,
- 128k byte, module. The module adds 128k bytes of expansion memory to
- the C-128.
-
- Physically, the module plugs into the expansion port (cartridge
- slot) of the 128. It is approximately 4 inches deep, 5 inches wide,
- and 1 inch in height. The module is color-coordinated for the C-128
- and has ventilation slots on the back to match the 'slotted' look of
- the 128. There are no buss extenders, so plugging other carts in with
- the 1700 cannot be accomplished without an expansion chassis.
-
- The module comes packed with a disk which contains some fairly
- impressive demos on one side, and a new CP/M operating system that
- automatically recognizes expansion memory as RAMdisk from CP/M (drive
- M). Included in the demos are a version of the 'Amiga' bouncing ball
- and several cube motion demos. A diagnostic program to test the memory
- module is also included. Dependant upon the size of the expander, 128k
- or 512k, the demos run differently, as they use expansion memory to
- store screens for their animation, and more screens are possible with
- 512k.
-
- The module adds 128k bytes of memory to indirectly accessible
- memory. This means that code cannot be executed within the memory
- module, and it does not increase the BASIC text or variable area at
- all. Just what good is the module?....read on!
-
- Memory transfer between the expansion module and bank 0 of the 128
- is handled by a special chip, called the REC, which provides direct
- memory access. This allows for speedy transfers between the module and
- the computer.
-
- BASIC 7 on the C-128 contains three commands that make accessing
- the expansion module fairly simple. STASH allows storing of data from
- RAM bank 0 of the computer to the module a simple task. FETCH allows
- retrieval of any specified number of bytes from expansion memory to RAM
- bank 0. With these two commands, the only memory modified is the
- TARGET memory. If you are moving memory from expansion to bank 0,
- after the transfer, expansion will remain intact. Bank 0 will change
- to reflect the data you just retrieved from expansion. The same is
- true of moving data from bank 0 to expansion. Nothing is lost in bank
- 0; expansion is changed. The third BASIC 7 command to manipulate the
- expansion memory is SWAP. SWAP alters both target and source memory.
- If you do a SWAP, the area specified in the swap is exchanged with
- whatever is in expansion memory, and bank memory is placed in expansion
- at the same time.
-
- At the present time, the one serious lack is a RAMdisk wedge
- program. A RAMdisk wedge would allow the expansion memory to emulate a
- very fast disk drive accessible from BASIC 7.
-
- The majority of software support for the expansion module has come
- for the CP/M side of the machine. The new operating system packaged
- with the module allows transparent operation of the drive M under CP/M,
- the expansion module. File transfers and manipulations to the
- expansion module seem 4 times faster than to the 1571 disk drive
- utilizing a CBM, double sided CPM format. The 128k module allows
- approximately 124k to be utilized for file storage under CPM, the 512k
- expander (1750), allows a whopping 506k of file storage, with the rest
- being utilized as directory space.
-
- The manual accompanying the module leaves a bit to be desired. It
- takes the inexperienced user through several examples on utilizing the
- BASIC 7 commands, and the new CP/M RAMdisk capabilities. The manual
- then jumps into the tech specifications of the REC DMA chip. Registers
- are mapped nicely for the experienced programmer, but this would have
- little or no meaning to the beginner. Considering the complete lack of
- documentation on this module in CBM's other manuals for the 128,
- including the Programmers Reference, it would have been nice to see
- more involved examples, for the intermediate user.
-
- One word of caution...if you intend on purchasing the 1700 with
- ideas of upgrading the module to 512k...don't! I have upgraded my
- board to 512k, however it is not a task that is recommended for the end
- user, and something that I sincerely doubt CBM will pursue in the
- future. It takes experience working on multi-layered pc boards to
- upgrade the board. Commodore obviously had NO plans to allow upgrades
- to be done by the end user or by their service centers.
-
- I am extremely impressed by the new capabilities of my system, and
- feel that the module is something worth looking into if one intends to
- do any memory intensive programming.
-
- Harry Flaxman (HARRYF)
-
- **********************************************************************
- The following technical information is provided by KEVIN-S. from GEnie.
- He describes modifications that can be made to uprgrade your 1700 to a
- 1750 RAM expansion board. Harry recommends NOT doing the work, but
- for those of you who want to do it anyway, here are the specs.
- Let us know how it all works out! Thanks, Kevin!
- **********************************************************************
-
- Ok, sports fans, here is the ?quick? and ?easy? information for
- upgrading your 1700 to 1750 status. It was sent to me by Bob
- Carpenter, from Aurora, Il, along with the schematics and a very nice
- cover letter. The procedure is quite straightforward, but be
- warned that you do void your warranty, and neither CBM, Mr. Carpenter,
- or myself will be accountable if you fry your 1700. The fact that I
- accomplished the upgrade, however, should be an encouragement;
- I am by no means a hardware hacker. With the above disclaimer in mind,
- here goes...
-
- Materials: You will need 16 256k dynamic rams, either 150 ns or 120
- ns. Also highly recommended are 16 16-pin IC sockets, so that you
- don't have to solder the new chips in directly. You will also need a
- small soldering iron, electronics solder, and some desoldering device.
-
- 1: Pry open the case of your 1700, gently. It is a press-together
- case. THIS STEP WILL VOID YOUR WARRANTY.
- 2: You can now look through the RF shielding and see the four posts
- holding the board in place. Gently pry the entire metal shell
- out of the bottom of the case.
- 3: Now remove the RF shell. It is a spring fit around the edges.
- You will need to bend the shell back a bit. Remove the circuit
- board.
- 4: At this point you can identify the salient pieces. Towards the
- rear (away from the edge connector), you will see two parallel
- rows of inch-long chips. These are the 64k RAMS. The large chip
- nearest the edge connector is the special memory control chip.
- It is socketed. I didn't remove it while working on the board,
- since my instruction sheet didn't say to, but you should avoid
- touching it. About 1 inch in from the connector, you should see
- two clusters of solder pads, one with two pads, marked J1, and
- one with three pads, marked J2. These are the only components
- that you will have to deal with on the circuit board. If you
- have identified them all, you are ready to proceed.
- 5: Desolder the old 64k RAMS, using whatever technique works best
- for you. Dispose of them as you will.
- 6: Note that the sketch on the circuit board under each RAM chip
- has a semi-circular hollow on one end. This is to show which
- way to insert the new chips, which have a similar depression on
- their surface. I mention this now because you may not be able to
- see the sketches after you install the IC sockets.
- 7: Solder in the IC sockets.
- 8: Check your soldering for spurious connections, incomplete
- connections, etc.
- 9: Plug your nice new 256k RAM chips into the IC sockets, making
- sure they face the right way in accordance with (6).
- 10: Look between the two solder pads at location J1. You should see
- that they are connected by a tiny solder trace. This trace must
- be cut in order for the unit to recognize all that memory you
- just installed. Cut it carefully but definitely with a razor
- knife or other tool.
- 11: You are finished! Re-assemble the RF shell and case, and run
- the diagnostic program that came with your 1700. If everything
- checks out, great. If you get an error message, not so great.
- The likelihood is that you have a bad solder connection on one
- of the IC sockets, or possibly a bad RAM chip.
- 12: When re-assembling the board into the RF shield, be sure that
- nothing but the circuit board edges are in contact with the
- shielding. A short circuit could conceivably damage your
- computer or RAM unit.
-
- Notes: It is worth mentioning that you should make sure that
- the replacement RAMs you buy are from the same
- manufacturer, and preferably the same batch. I have
- heard some nasty stories from IBM-PC folk about
- mixing and matching RAMS.
-
- If you look carefully at the circuit board, you will
- see that several big traces have been cut through.
- Apparently someone screwed up at CBM!
-
- Your Boing! demo will now be much smoother. Invite
- some IPM-PC friends over and laugh at them.
-
- Good luck and congratulations, in that order!
- KeS
-
-
- **********************************************************************
- The following technical information is provided by Bill Hirt (WHIRT
- on GEnie). He describes modifications that may be necessary in order
- for your 1750 RAM expansion board to work if your C128 has a serial
- number between CA1044001 to CA1046880. Also included is a discussion
- of modifications for the MACH-128. Thanks, Bill, for your help!
- **********************************************************************
-
- I've had the 1750 for about a month now after getting a new 128
- (the first was one of the first 2000 which won't work with the RAM
- expansion. By the way, if anyone out there has a 128 with a serial
- number between CA1044001 to CA1046880, I have the necessary information
- from CBM to modify the 128 so it works with the RAM expansion and the
- information from Abacus on how to get MACH128 to work with it). It
- works great as RAM disk in CP/M. I used it the other night as our user
- group meeting and it was nice to load up some CP/M files to the RAM
- expansion and then be able to go to both 64 and 128 modes and then come
- back and have the files still there. One thing I've noticed, is after
- the 128's on 3 or 4 hours, the RAM expansion will sometimes not work
- correctly as if the power supply is overheating. I've tried 2 power
- supplies and the same thing has happened with each. I'm certainly
- putting the power supply to work though as I've got an interface and
- print buffer being powered off the cassette port, a 1670 on the user
- port, and 1750 plugged in all at once...so I may be tempting fate. Most
- people I've shown it too really like it until I tell them the price.
- Bill
-
- **********************************************************************
-
- Here are the mods to be made on C128's with serial numbers CA1044001
- to 1046880 to allow them to work with the RAM expansion:
- (These mods are from Von Ertwine of CBm engineering)
-
- 1. There is a free inverter at U37-5 and -6. Cut the heave trace on
- bottom on pin 5 (was +5 volts).
- 2. Cut trace on bottom of PCB going from feed-thru near VIC chip pin 19
- and 20 (closer to 19) going away from the chip about one inch. This is
- the dot clock line that goes to the expansion port.
- 3. Connect the end closes to the VIC chip to U37-5 and the other end to
- U37-6. Also add a 1K pull-up from U37-6 to +5 volts. That's all there
- is.
-
- A friend of mine will be trying this on mine Saturday (I hope!) to
- see if my original can be modified in this way.
-
- To get the Mach128 cart to work, I got this info from Kevin Homer at
- Access:
-
- 1. Find the chip marked 74LS138 (lower right front of circuit board).
- 2. Disconnect pin 6 and run a jumper from pin 6 to pin 16. This inverts
- the timing so the Mach128 cart will now work in 64 mode.
- This mod has been done already on a friend's C128 and he's had no
- problems.
- Bill
-