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1994-08-27
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Document 0725
DOCN M9480725
TI Features of HIV-1 that could influence maternal-child transmission [see
comments]
DT 9410
AU Kliks SC; Wara DW; Landers DV; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute,
University of California-San; Francisco.
SO JAMA. 1994 Aug 10;272(6):467-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/94315726
CM Comment in: JAMA 1994 Aug 10;272(6):487-8
AB OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the biological and serological properties of the
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) for factors potentially
involved in the mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. DESIGN--Isolates
of HIV-1 were recovered from the blood of 12 of 44 nontransmitting
mothers and six of eight transmitting mothers and their corresponding
infants. These 24 HIV-1 isolates were compared for their biological and
immunologic properties to discern any parameters that correlate with
vertical transmission of HIV-1. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Replication
capabilities of the above-mentioned HIV-1 isolates in human peripheral
blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), human macrophages, and various T-cell
lines and the susceptibilities of the viruses to neutralization or
enhancement by anti-HIV-1 antibodies in autologous serum samples from
mothers and infants. SETTING--San Francisco Bay Area, California.
PARTICIPANTS--A cohort of 52 HIV-1-infected women and their infants in a
prospective study on perinatal HIV transmission by the Bay Area
Perinatal AIDS Center. RESULTS--The viral isolates from the transmitting
mothers and their infants differed from the isolates from the
nontransmitting mothers in their efficient replication in human PBMCs
and in their ability to infect one or more human T-lymphocytic cell
lines. All the HIV-1 isolates were able to infect human macrophages with
only low-level replication and were unable to form syncytia in the
MT-2-lymphocytic cells. No correlation between transmission and
reactivity of maternal serum samples to the peptide corresponding to the
principal neutralization domain of the third hypervariable region of the
viral envelope was observed. However, the majority (9/12) of maternal
isolates from the nontransmitters were neutralized by their autologous
serum samples compared with only two among six in the transmitter group
(P < .07). Moreover, five infant isolates were resistant to
neutralization by their respective mother's serum samples, and one was
sensitive to infection enhancement by the mother's serum. Another infant
isolate was enhanced by his autologous serum. CONCLUSIONS--Viral factors
that appeared to correlate with mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1
observed in a small cohort included rapid or high-titered replication in
human PBMCs, T-cell line tropism, and resistance to neutralization or a
sensitivity to enhancement of infection by the maternal serum.
DE Adult Antibody Affinity Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/METHODS
Female Giant Cells Human HIV Antibodies/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV
Infections/*CONGENITAL/IMMUNOLOGY/*TRANSMISSION
*HIV-1/IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIF/PHYSIOLOGY/PATHOGENICITY Infant
Neutralization Tests Pregnancy *Pregnancy Complications,
Infectious/IMMUNOLOGY Prospective Studies Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Viral Proteins Virology/METHODS
*Virulence/IMMUNOLOGY *Virus Replication JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).