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1994-08-27
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Document 0676
DOCN M9480676
TI Human immunodeficiency virus infection and pregnancy.
DT 9410
AU Peckham CS; Division of Public Health, Institute of Child Health,
London,; England.
SO Sex Transm Dis. 1994 Mar-Apr;21(2 Suppl):S28-31. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/94317077
AB Vertical transmission from mother-to-child is the main mode of
acquisition of HIV infection in children. Infection may be acquired
before, during, or after birth, but the relative contribution of each of
these routes remains unknown. Estimates of the rate of vertical
transmission range from 15% to 39%, and the rate is lower in European
studies than in African studies. This variation reflects differences in
distribution of risk factors associated with vertical transmission,
including maternal clinical and immunological HIV status, and
breastfeeding. There is some suggestion that mode of delivery may also
be associated with the likelihood of transmission. About 25% of infected
children develop AIDS in the first year of life; the prognosis for the
remainder is less clear. Increasingly, attention is being given to
approaches that aim to reduce vertical transmission, such as avoidance
of breastfeeding, cleansing of the birth canal, antiretroviral therapy
and passive or active immunization.
DE Antiviral Agents/THERAPEUTIC USE Female Human *HIV
Infections/DIAGNOSIS/PREVENTION & CONTROL/TRANSMISSION Infant, Newborn
Male Pregnancy *Pregnancy Complications,
Infectious/DIAGNOSIS/PREVENTION & CONTROL Pregnancy Outcome Prognosis
Risk Factors Sensitivity and Specificity JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW
REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).