Copyright ã1996 by NeXT Software, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.

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5. Where to Go From Here
Programming Tools and Resources

Other Development Applications

OPENSTEP Developer for Mach includes applications other than Project Builder and Interface Builder. Except where noted, these applications are installed in /NextDeveloper/Apps.

Name	Description
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FileMerge	Visually compares the contents of two files or two directories. You can use FileMerge, for example, to determine the differences between versions of the same source code file or between two project directories. You can also use it to merge changes.
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MallocDebug	Measures the dynamic-memory usage of applications, finds memory leaks, analyzes all allocated memory in an application, and measures the memory allocated since a given time.  
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IconBuilder	A simple graphics program for creating application and document icons.
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Yap	A utility for editing and previewing PostScript code.
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Sampler	Analyzes performance problems with your application by sampling the call stack of your program over a period. (In /NextDeveloper/Demos)
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Other Installed Frameworks

A framework contains a dynamic shared library, related header files, and resources (including nib files, images, sounds, documentation, and localized strings) used by the library. All frameworks are installed in /NextLibrary/Frameworks. OPENSTEP Developer for Mach provides these other frameworks in addition to the Application Kit and the Foundation frameworks:

Name	Description
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System	Operating-system and low-level Objective-C runtime APIs
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SoundKit	Sound recording, playback, and editing capabilities.
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InterfaceBuilder	Creation of custom static (compiled) palletes for use in Interface Builder
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NEXTIME	Real-time video imaging
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NIAccess	NetInfo's access layer
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NIInterface	NetInfo's interface layer
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Useful Command-Line Tools

NeXT has created or modified several tools for compilation, debugging, performance analysis, and so on. The following table lists some of the more useful of these tools. You can get further information using the man pages system.

Name	Description	Location
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cc	Compiles C, Objective-C, C++, and Objective-C++	/bin
	source codefiles.
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gdb	Source-level symbolic debugger for C, extended by 	/bin
	NeXT to support Objective-C, C++, Mach, 
	Windows NT,  and (by late 1996) Windows 95. 
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gnumake	Utility for making programming projects.	/bin
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as	Assembler; translates assembly code into object code.	/bin
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defaults	Reads, writes, searches, and deletes user defaults.	/usr/bin
	The defaults system records user preferences that 
	persist when the application isn't running. When users 
	specify defaults in an application's Preferences panel, 
	NSUserDefaults methods are used to write the defaults.
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pswrap	Creates C functions that ªwrapº PostScript code and 	/usr/bin
	send it to the Window Server for interpretation.
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nibTool	Reads the contents of an Interface Builder nib file.	/usr/bin
	Prints classes, the hierarchy, objects, connections, and
	localizable strings.
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libtool	Creates static or dynamic libraries from specified object	/bin
	files for one or multiple architectures.
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otool	Displays specified parts of object files or libraries.	/bin
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nm	Displays the symbol table, in whole or in part, of the 	/bin
	specified object file or files.
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oh	Records allocation and deallocation events.	/usr/bin
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AnalyzeAllocation	Analyzes program memory allocation.	/usr/bin
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fixPrecomps	Creates a precompiled header file for each of the major 	/usr/bin
	frameworks. 
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strip	Removes or modifies the symbol table attached to 	/bin
	assembled and linked output.
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lipo	Creates, lists, and manipul.ates multi-architecure	/bin
	object files
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Converting NEXTSTEP Code to OpenStep

You can take advantage of an automated conversion process to convert NEXTSTEP° Release 3.x code to OPENSTEP Release 4.0. By completing this process you'll make your application an OpenStep application (that is, an application conforming to the OpenStep specification). An OpenStep applicationÐone without any specific operation-system dependenciesÐ should run on any OpenStep system. 

The TOPS scripts you run to perform the conversion process, along with 3.3 header files and intermediate frameworks, are located at /NextDeveloper/OpenStepConversion. The OpenStep Conversion Guide provides instructions on using the scripts as well as summaries of API changes and conversion tips. 

Other Programming Resources

You can find programming resourcesÐsuch as fonts, sounds, and palettesÐin various subdirectories of /NextLibrary. 

Name	Comments	
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SystemResources	Character-set information and location of headers for automatic precompilation (fixPrecomps)
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Colors	Bundles containing the default set of color binaries for the Colors panel
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Fonts	Default set of system fonts, including AFM, bitmap, and outline versions
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PS2Resources	PostScript files containing calibrated color space and color rendering, printing halftones, and gray-shading patterns
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Rulebooks	Glyph generators for various string encodings
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Sounds	Default sound files (ª.sndº) such as Cricket, Ping, and Rooster
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