subject: TABS overview: Tabs are an important ingredient of PC-Type II. Tab definitions permit you to: (1) have completely different margins defined in different parts of the same document. (2) define which part of your text is to be single, double, or triple spaced when it is printed. (3) toggle the automatic wrapping of your paragraphs as you insert and delete characters from a line. (4) select the action the Tab key will have upon the text. Tab definitions are saved within the text files in which they are made if such files are saved in the document format, i.e., files saved with a .PCT extension. The margin and tab settings of a file are shown in the Tab Line, normally located just above the Command Line and below the screen area. As the cursor is moved up or down within the file, if the Tab definition changes, the Tab Line on your screen will reflect the changes. To modify the Tabs within a file, select the "(T)abs" option in the Main Menu. When you do, the following menu will be displayed. 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 쿟ab setting options: � page 팠袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴曲袴袴袴� � (F)ile Tab modification � 241 � (R)estore default Tabs � 242 � (A)ctive Tab modification � 243 � (M)odify active Tab toggles� 244 � (N)ew Tab line � 242 � e(X)it � <-- exit Tab Setting 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 Before describing the options in this menu, it is helpful to learn how Tab and margin settings affect the cursor movement and their effect upon the Tab and Shift Tab keystrokes. It is also important to know the difference between "default profile tabs", "default file tabs", and "active tabs" and to understand the term "QUICKTABS". 229 margins: Assume that the margin and Tab stops are set as shown below. 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 � L I T T T R � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 NOTE: The indent margin 'I' is not required. With the cursor on the 'L', (left margin), if you attempt to move the cursor to the left, it will move just to the right of the 'R' (right margin) of the previous line. (If you move the cursor to the left and you are in the first line of a paragraph, then it will wrap at the 'I' (indent margin) instead.) Pressing the Home key will move the cursor to the 'L' unless you are on the first line of a paragraph in which case it will move to the indent margin. Similarly, with the cursor at the 'R', moving the cursor to the right will move it to the left margin of the next line (unless the next line is the beginning of a new paragraph, in which case the cursor will move to the indent margin). Tab stops: The only keystrokes affected by the Tab stops (the 'T's) are the Tab and Shift Tab keystrokes. If the "(T)ab char insert" toggle is OFF, (described below), then pressing the Tab key will move the cursor to the next 'T' to the right. If there are no more 'T's, then it will move the cursor to the right margin. Similarly, pressing the Shift Tab key will move the cursor to the next 'T' to the left. If there are no more T's, then it will move the cursor to the indent or left margin. If the "(T)ab char insert" toggle is ON, there will be no effect on the Shift Tab key, but the Tab key will behave differently. Assume the cursor is on the X in the line below and the Tab stops are set as indicated. With the "(T)ab char insert" toggle ON, pressing the Tab key will push the X and all the characters to its right to the right until the X is above the next 'T' as shown below. A "Tab character" (shown here as '^'), is visible to indicate that a it has been inserted into the text. � aaaaaXbbbbbbbb --> aaaaa ^Xbbbbbbbb � T T T T T T With the cursor on the X, pressing the Backspace key will remove the Tab character and the text will close again as it was originally. 230 Tab characters: Tab characters can be useful for lining up columns of text. When you print files containing Tab characters, they are translated into spaces so they will not be seen and will have no effect on your printer (unless you modify the printer translation table). Tab characters come into play when you reformat a paragraph with left justification. Tab characters will always be placed right before a Tab stop. Similarly, when you read a file into PC-Type II, if it contains Tab characters, they will be aligned so that the Tab will be just before a Tab stop. In the example on the previous page, notice the gap between the last 'a' and the Tab character. This is actually dead space and is referred to in PC-Type II as a "Tab fill area" or as "Tab fill characters". If you press the Del key when the cursor is on such an area, it will have the same effect as deleting the Tab character itself, i.e., the entire gap will close immediately. If you insert characters to the left of a Tab character, the "fill area" will shrink, keeping the Tab character itself in the same relative position. When you insert enough characters so that the "fill area" is gone, the next character insertion will cause the Tab character to "jump" to the next Tab stop. (Z)ap tabs: There is a "(Z)ap tabs" option in the Main Menu. This option will go through the entire file, line by line, and convert all "Tab fill characters" and all "Tab characters" to spaces. This is not the same as deleting the Tabs. The ZAP option will not result in any "visible" alteration to the display of your file except that the Tab characters will disappear. Deleting all the Tab characters, however, would markedly alter the display. If a text area is marked with paragraph (Ctrl L) or blocked (Ctrl B) highlighting, the "(Z)ap tabs" option will ask if you only want to ZAP the Tabs in the highlighted area or in the entire file. You can thus selectively ZAP the Tabs if you so choose. 231 profile tabs: The "default profile tabs" definition is the margin and tab settings stored in your .PRO file. This definition can only be changed through the Configuration Menu option "(M)odify default tabs" or by editing your .PRO file. This tab definition is responsible for providing the margins and tabs for non-.PCT files or for any new files which are created. Once a file is loaded, the profile tabs are copied and become the "file tabs". Modifying the default tabs will have no effect on files already in memory, but will have an effect on any non-.PCT files or new files loaded later. file tabs: "Default file tabs" define the tab and margin settings for a specific file. They are visible on the Tab Line at the bottom of the screen when the cursor is on the top line of the file. When editing a new file, the "default profile tabs" are copied and become the "default file tabs" for the new file. These tabs can be modified at any time when you are editing the file. If the file is saved to disk with a .PCT extension, the "default file tabs" are saved with it. The next time you edit the file, they will be precisely where you left them. active tabs: You can insert temporary tab and margin settings within the file you are editing. As you move from one location in the file to another, the different tab settings come into play. The tab setting which controls the cursor in its current location is called the "active" tab setting. This can be the "default file tabs", or a temporary tab setting. The active tab setting is always displayed at the bottom of the window being edited. As the cursor moves from the domain of one tab setting to that of another, you will be able to see the change. quicktabs: QUICKTABS is not a tab setting but a configuration toggle switch. (See the discussion of "QUICKTABS" in the "Switches" portion of the Configuration section.) If you know that the only tab setting you will want to use is the "default file tab" setting, then by turning the "QUICKTABS" toggle ON, you bypass most of the questions normally asked when you modify a tabs setting. If the toggle is ON, however, you cannot insert temporary tab settings within your document. NOTE: In the discussion which follows, it is assumed that "QUICKTABS" are OFF. 232 subject: FILE TAB MODIFICATION discussion: When you select the "(F)ile Tab modification" option from the Tab Setting Options menu, the Command Line changes into a tab and margin definition line which you can edit. It might look like: 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 � L I T T T R � 쿌djust tabs - Enter when done (Esc=exit) � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 The tab and margin definition displayed is the "default file tabs" setting. If you press the Esc key, you will exit with no modifications registered. If you modify the settings of Tabs or margins and then press the Enter key, the "default file tabs" setting will have been modified. (For a complete discussion on editing the tab setting, refer to "Default Profile Tabs" in the Configuration section of the manual.) NOTE: If "QUICKTABS" is ON, this would complete the Tab modification process. After pressing the Enter key, you will see: 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� 쿜uestion: � 팠袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴� 쿝eformat now to new settings?� 쿛ress Y or N � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� If you answer N, no reformatting will be performed. If you press Y, then every paragraph in the file will be reformatted (unless there are "No Reformat" Special Lines present). Next, the menu below will appear. 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 쿟ab toggle options: � 팠袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴孤 � (S)pacing (SNG)� � (T)ab char insert (OFF)� � (W)rap paragraph ( ON)� � e(X)it � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 (This menu will be discussed in detail below as the topic "Tab Toggle Options".) This menu remains active until you press the X or Esc key. You can see the status of the Tab toggles change within the menu as you select the S, T or W options. When you are finished with this menu, the modification of the "default file tabs" setting is complete and you will be returned to the Edit mode. 233 subject: NEW TAB LINE and RESTORE DEFAULT TABS new Tabs: When you select the "(N)ew Tab line" option from the Tab Setting Options menu, a "Tab line" as shown below is immediately inserted into your text on the line below the cursor, and you will be placed in the Command Line to edit the new margin and Tab settings. 쳐컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� Tab line 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� Initially, this Tab line contains the identical Tab settings as the active Tab setting. If you press the Esc key while in the Tab edit mode, the new Tab line will remain. Otherwise, continue the Tab definition as with the "(F)ile Tab modification" above. restore Tabs: When you select the "(R)estore default Tabs" option from the Tab Setting Options menu, a "Default Tab line" as shown below is immediately inserted into your text on the line below the cursor. 쳐컴컴컴컴컴� Default Tab line 컴컴컴컴컴컴� This Tab line references the "default file tabs". While you cannot change the margin and Tab settings, you are given the opportunity to modify the default file tab toggles at this time. Tab line domain: The two types of Tab lines shown above can exist in your text file in numerous locations. The domain of influence of a given Tab line is from the line itself down toward the bottom of the file until another Tab line is reached. The "default file tabs" influence begins at the very top of the file. Let's look at a sample file. TOP of FILE 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 default file tabs � (1) � . � � . 냉컴컴컴 Tab line 컴컴컴눴 Tab definition A � (2) � . � � . 냉컴 Default Tab line 컴눴 default file tabs � (3) � . � � . 냉컴컴컴 Tab line 컴컴컴눴 Tab definition B � (4) � . 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 . In the example, areas (1) and (3) are controlled by the "default file tabs" setting. Area (2) is controlled by whatever settings were made when the new Tab line (A) was inserted and Area (4) is controlled by the new Tab line (B) settings. 234 subject: ACTIVE TAB MODIFICATION discussion: When you select the "(A)ctive Tab modification" option from the Tab Setting Options menu, modify the tabs as described above for "Default File Tabs Modification". The Tabs you are modifying with this option depend upon the current location of the cursor. In the example on the previous page, if you were in area (2) of the file, you would be modifying the Tab definition A. If you were in area (3), you would be modifying the "default file tabs" definition. NOTE: Any of the "Tab lines" inserted in your text can be moved, copied, or deleted. 235 subject: MODIFY ACTIVE TAB TOGGLES purpose: Three toggles exist for every tab line which define: (1) the text spacing (single, double or triple). (2) the action to take when the Tab key is pressed. (3) the state of automatic sentence wrapping. discussion: If you select the "(M)odify active Tab toggles" option from the Tab Setting Options menu, the menu below is shown. This is the same menu which appears during the normal process of creating or modifying Tab lines. Selecting this option from the menu implies that the "active tab line" toggles are the ones which are to be modified. (This menu will never appear if the QUICKTABS toggle is turned ON.) 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 쿟ab toggle options: � 팠袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴袴孤 � (S)pacing (SNG)� � (T)ab char insert ( ON)� � (W)rap paragraph ( ON)� � e(X)it � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 Pressing S will toggle the (S)pacing line from (SNG) (single spacing) to (DBL) (double spacing) to (TRP) (triple spacing). Pressing T will toggle the (T)ab char insert line from ( ON) to (OFF). When this toggle is ON, a tab character will be inserted in the text when the Tab key is pressed (unless you are using a hanging indent and the cursor is to the left of the left margin). Pressing W will toggle the (W)rap paragraph line from (ON) to (OFF). When this toggle is ON, text within a paragraph will be automatically adjusted as characters are inserted or deleted from a line. The status of these toggles for the active Tabs is visible in the status area at the upper left hand corner of your screen. The spacing will be shown as a '1', '2', or '3'. If "(W)rap paragraph" is ON, it will be shown as a 'W'. If it is OFF, the double line border will take its place. If "(T)ab char insert" is ON, it will be shown as a 'T'. If it is OFF, the double line border will take its place. In the example "�袴袴T2W�", the active Tab toggle settings are "insert Tab characters", double spacing, and automatic wrapping. 236