"The Witches are responsible for the course of action in the play". This statement suggests that the whole play of Macbeth was dictated by the witches. In a sense that is true, but they didn't dictate it they just outsmarted or they put ideas in the right peoples heads and changed their thinking so that they could stay away from all the action. The witches are very weird and spooky and magical and seem as they have god like powers and that they could look into a crystal ball and prophesies everything but are they really whom we are led to believe? The question states that the witches were RESPONSIBLE for the course of action, but of course they just put an idea into Macbeth's head and he did the rest, everything from Banquo's death to the killing of Macduff's family was not directly or at all prophesied by the witches - in fact all they really said was that Macbeth would be king, which they could have known if they knew that he was Thane of Cawdor and that if the king was killed at any time in the next 10 or so years, Macbeth will be king, Macbeth just speeded the time of when the King would die and Macbeth be king. When the witches told Macbeth of the prophecies, Macbeth was VERY interested - he kept thinking about it - and when he became Thane of Cawdor and the second prophecy was true, it just sharpened his belief in the fact that he would be king eg. "I am Thane of Cawdor If good, why do I yield to that suggestion Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair, And make my seated heart knock at my ribs, Against the use of Nature? Present fears Are less than horrible imaginings: My thought, whose murther yet is but fantastical, Shakes so my single state of man That function is smothered in surmise, And nothing is but what is not". So here it is Macbeth saying that now that he is Thane of Cawdor, he could be king just by removing Duncan of the throne (By murdering him). So the seed of thought of Duncan's assassination was planted at the very beginning, almost when he heard the three prophecies. Of course after he murdered king Duncan he couldn't let anyone find out partly because he thought what he did was half-wrong, and he would be killed for treason. He knew that Banquo could have an idea that he killed the king because Banquo knows the prophecies and could easily find out that Macbeth killed the king for his personal gain. eg. "To be thus is nothing; but to be safetly thus- Our fears in Banquo stick deep, And in his royalty of nature reigns that Which would be fear'd. 'Tis much he dares, And to that dauntless temper of his mind, He hath a wisdom that doth guide his valour To act in safety. There is none but he Whose being I do fear; and under him My genius is rebuk'd, as it is said Mark Anthony's was by Caesar."So as is pointed out by Macbeth, Banquo was very smart and Macbeth feared that he could put two and two together and then accuse him of king Duncan's murder. But the Witches then appeared again in the play. It was around 3 quaters into the play when Macbeth visited them again and they told him of some more prophecies. They said that he should beware Macduff beware the thane of fife! They said that none of woman born shall harm Macbeth, and that he shall not be vanquished until Great Birnam Wood shall come to dunsinane. So this must mean that the witches must have had prophetic powers because all of these prophecies are fulfilled by the end of the play. That means that they did have a very big influence on the course of the play because as soon as the first prophecies are fulfilled, Macbeth goes looking for more, and the witches again set the plot of the movie. The conclusion that will be made is thus. The witches are responsible of the course of action in the play because - They started the play off by making those prophecies, in fact Macbeth wouldn't have even thought of killing the king if in fact the witches didn't mention that he will be king before he dies. When Macbeth killed the king the murdering of Banquo and Macduff's family followed mainly because of his suspicion that they might find out about that horrible deed that keeps coming back to him in dreams. I have thought about the fact that Macbeth made his own decisions, and that the witches didn't influence the play enough to say that they influenced the whole play, but these are not good enough reasons compared to the points against which states that they played Macbeth like a puppet, by planting ideas in his head that affected his way of thinking - after all the play is called Macbeth so what he did was the main part of the play.