An increasing role in data collection for instance in hospitals, will be played by hand-held computers (HPCs) or Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs). More commonly known as PALMs. Linux offers way to exchange these data to servers, for instance via the IrDA port. See Infrared-HOWTO for details. A survey of non-Linux applications for the Palm device you may find at PalmPilot Medical - Palmtops PDAs HPCs Palm - Net Links.
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This section will grow as I am getting touch with a doctor who is actively developing OB-GYNE applications to use on it