LOGIN

Section: User Commands (1)
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BSD mandoc
BSD 4  

NAME

login - log into the computer  

SYNOPSIS

[-fp ] [-h hostname ] [user ]  

DESCRIPTION

The utility logs users (and pseudo-users) into the computer system.

If no user is specified, or if a user is specified and authentication of the user fails, prompts for a user name. Authentication of users is done via passwords.

The options are as follows:

-f
The -f option is used when a user name is specified to indicate that proper authentication has already been done and that no password need be requested. This option may only be used by the super-user or when an already logged in user is logging in as themselves.
-h
The -h option specifies the host from which the connection was received. It is used by various daemons such as telnetd(8). This option may only be used by the super-user.
-p
By default, discards any previous environment. The -p option disables this behavior.

If the file /etc/nologin exists, displays its contents to the user and exits. This is used by shutdown(8) to prevent users from logging in when the system is about to go down.

If the file /etc/login.access exists, checks to see if the user and host pair are specifically allowed or denied access. Login access may also be controlled via the login class, which provides allow and deny records based on time, tty and remote host name.

If the file /etc/fbtab exists, changes the protection and ownership of certain devices specified in this file.

Immediately after logging a user in, displays the system copyright notice, the date and time the user last logged in, the message of the day as well as other information. If the file ``.hushlogin '' exists in the user's home directory, all of these messages are suppressed. This is to simplify logins for non-human users, such as uucp(1). Login then records an entry in the wtmp(5) and utmp(5) files and executes the user's command interpreter.

Login enters information into the environment (see environ(7)) specifying the user's home directory (HOME), command interpreter (SHELL), search path (PATH), terminal type (TERM) and user name (both LOGNAME and USER). Other environment variables may be set due to entries in the login class capabilities database, for the login class assigned in the user's system passwd record. The login class also controls the maximum and current process resource limits granted to a login, process priorities and many other aspects of a user's login environment.

The standard shells, csh(1) and sh(1), do not fork before executing the utility.  

FILES

/etc/fbtab
changes device protections
/etc/login.conf
login class capabilities database
/etc/motd
message-of-the-day
/etc/nologin
disallows logins
/etc/login.access
login access control table
/var/run/utmp
current logins
/var/log/lastlog
last login account records
/var/log/wtmp
login account records
/var/mail/user
system mailboxes
.hushlogin
makes login quieter

 

SEE ALSO

chpass(1), passwd(1), rlogin(1), getpass(3), fbtab(5), login.access5, login.conf5, utmp(5), environ(7), nologin(8)  

HISTORY

A utility appeared in AT&T System v6 .


 

Index

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FILES
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 03:08:38 GMT, January 13, 2023