$Unique_ID{COW02794} $Pretitle{294Q} $Title{Papua New Guinea Statistical Profile of Papua New Guinea} $Subtitle{} $Author{Central Intelligence Agency} $Affiliation{United States Government} $Subject{new papua rate guinea km million population billion courts national} $Date{1990} $Log{National Anthem*68500010.aud Map of Papua New Guinea*0279401.scf Flag of Papua New Guinea*0279402.scf } Country: Papua New Guinea Book: CIA World Factbook Author: Central Intelligence Agency Affiliation: United States Government Date: 1990 [Hear National Anthem] [See Map of Papua New Guinea] [See Flag of Papua New Guinea] Statistical Profile of Papua New Guinea Geography Total area: 461,690 km2; land area: 451,710 km2 Comparative area: slightly larger than California Land boundary: 820 km with Indonesia Coastline: 5,152 km Maritime claims: (measured from claimed archipelagic baselines) Continental shelf: 200 meters or to depth of exploitation Extended economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Climate: tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March), southeast monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature variation Terrain: mostly mountains with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills Natural resources: gold, copper, silver, natural gas, timber, oil potential Land use: NEGL% arable land; 1% permanent crops; NEGL% meadows and pastures; 71% forest and woodland; 28% other Environment: one of world's largest swamps along southwest coast; some active volcanos; frequent earthquakes Note: shares island of New Guinea with Indonesia People Population: 3,736,386 (July 1989), growth rate 2.3% (1989) Birth rate: 35 births/1,000 population (1989) Death rate: 12 deaths/1,000 population (1989) Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1989) Infant mortality rate: 97 deaths/1,000 live births (1989) Life expectancy at birth: 54 years male, 55 years female (1989) Total fertility rate: 5.1 children born/woman (1989) Nationality: noun--Papua New Guinean(s); adjective--Papua New Guinean Ethnic divisions: predominantly Melanesian and Papuan; some Negrito, Micronesian, and Polynesian Religion: over half of population nominally Christian (490,000 Roman Catholic, 320,000 Lutheran, other Protestant sects); remainder indigenous beliefs Language: 715 indigenous languages; English spoken by 1-2%, pidgin English widespread, Motu spoken in Papua region Literacy: 32% Labor force: 1,660,000; 732,806 in salaried employment; 54% agriculture, 25% government, 9% industry and commerce, 8% services (1980) Organized labor: more than 50 trade unions, some with fewer than 20 members Government Long-form name: none Type: independent parliamentary state within Commonwealth recognizing Elizabeth II as head of state Capital: Port Moresby Administrative divisions: 20 provinces; Central, Chimbu, Eastern Highlands, East New Britain, East Sepik, Enga, Gulf, Madang, Manus, Milne Bay, Morobe, National Capital, New Ireland, Northern, North Solomons, Sandaun, Southern Highlands, Western, Western Highlands, West New Britain Independence: 16 September 1975 (from UN trusteeship under Australian administration) Constitution: 16 September 1975 Legal system: based on English common law National holiday: Independence Day, 16 September (1975) Branches: executive--National Executive Council; legislature--House of Assembly (109 members); judiciary--court system consists of Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea and various inferior courts (district courts, local courts, children's courts, wardens' courts) Leaders: Ignatius KILAGE, Governor General (since 28 February 1989); Rabbie NAMALIU, Prime Minister (since July 1988) Suffrage: universal adult Elections: preferential-type election for House of Assembly every five years, last held in June 1987; parliament ousted Prime Minister Wingti after a no-confidence motion passed 58 to 50 on 4 July 1988 Political parties: Pangu Party, People's Progress Party, United Party, Papua Besena, National Party, Melanesian Alliance Communists: no significant strength Member of: ADB, ANRPC, CIPEC (associate), Commonwealth, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, ITU, South Pacific Commission, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Renagi R. LOHIA; Chancery at Suite 350, 1330 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington DC 20036; telephone (202) 659-0856; US--Ambassador Everett E. BIERMAN; Embassy at Armit Street, Port Moresby (mailing address is P. O. Box 1492, Port Moresby); telephone [675] 211-455 or 594, 654 Flag: divided diagonally from upper hoist-side corner; the upper triangle is red with a soaring yellow bird of paradise centered; the lower triangle is black with five white five-pointed stars of the Southern Cross constellation centered Economy Overview: Papua New Guinea is richly endowed with natural resources, but exploitation has been hampered by the rugged terrain and the high cost of developing an infrastructure. The economy is based on agriculture and mining. Agriculture provides a subsistence livelihood for more than half the population. Mining of numerous deposits, including copper and gold, accounted for about 60% of export earnings in 1987. GDP: $2.93 billion, per capita $745; real growth rate 2.9% (1987 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5% (1988 est.) Unemployment rate: 5% (1988) Budget: revenues $962 million; expenditures $998 million, including capital expenditures of $169 million (1988) Exports: $1.17 billion (f.o.b., 1987); commodities--gold, copper ore, coffee, copra, palm oil, timber, lobster; partners--FRG, Japan, Australia, UK, Spain, US Imports: $1.10 billion (f.o.b., 1987); commodities--machinery and transport equipment, fuels, food, chemicals, consumer goods; partners--Australia, Singapore, Japan, US, New Zealand, UK External debt: $2.5 billion (December 1988) Industrial production: growth rate NA% Electricity: 364,000 kW capacity; 1,300 million kWh produced, 360 kWh per capita (1988) Industries: copra crushing, oil palm processing, plywood processing, wood chip production, gold, silver, copper, construction, tourism Agriculture: copra, cocoa, coffee, rubber, oil palm, tea Aid: Australia, commitments (1970-85) $4.5 billion; US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $222 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-85) $6 million Currency: kina (plural--kina); 1 kina (K) = 100 toea Exchange rates: kina (K) per US$1--0.8235 (January 1989), 0.8667 (1988), 0.9081 (1987), 0.9713 (1986), 1.0000 (1985) Fiscal year: calendar year Communications Highways: 19,200 km total; 640 km paved, 10,960 km gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized-soil surface, 7,600 km unimproved earth Inland waterways: 10,940 km Ports: Anewa Bay, Lae, Madang, Port Moresby, Rabaul Merchant marine: 11 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 17,848 GRT/28,060 DWT; includes 6 cargo, 3 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 2 bulk Civil air: about 15 major transport aircraft Airports: 555 total, 429 usable; 19 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 39 with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: services are adequate and being improved; facilities provide radiobroadcast, radiotelephone and telegraph, coastal radio, aeronautical radio, and international radiocommunication services; submarine cables extend to Australia and Guam; 51,700 telephones (1985); stations--31 AM, 2 FM, 2 TV (1987); 1 satellite station Defense Forces Branches: Papua New Guinea Defense Force Military manpower: males 15-49, 933,445; 518,323 fit for military service Military budget: $37 million, 3.8% of central government budget (1988 est.)