$Unique_ID{COW02511} $Pretitle{264} $Title{Mozambique Statistical Profile of Mozambique} $Subtitle{} $Author{Central Intelligence Agency} $Affiliation{United States Government} $Subject{km rate million mozambique est total maputo } $Date{1990} $Log{National Anthem*66500010.aud Map of Mozambique*0251101.scf Flag of Mozambique*0251102.scf } Country: Mozambique Book: CIA World Factbook Author: Central Intelligence Agency Affiliation: United States Government Date: 1990 [Hear National Anthem] [See Map of Mozambique] [See Flag of Mozambique] Statistical Profile of Mozambique Geography Total area: 801,590 km2; land area: 784,090 km2 Comparative area: slightly less than twice the size of California Land boundaries: 4,571 km total; Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km, Swaziland 105 km, Tanzania 756 km, Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km Coastline: 2,470 km Maritime claims: Extended economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Climate: tropical to subtropical Terrain: mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west Natural resources: coal, titanium Land use: 4% arable land; NEGL% permanent crops; 56% meadows and pastures; 20% forest and woodland; 20% other; includes NEGL% irrigated Environment: severe drought and floods occur in south; desertification People Population: 14,275,301 (July 1989), growth rate 1.8% (1989) Birth rate: 47 births/1,000 population (1989) Death rate: 18 deaths/1,000 population (1989) Net migration rate: - 10 migrants/1,000 population (1989) Infant mortality rate: 142 deaths/1,000 live births (1989) Life expectancy at birth: 45 years male, 48 years female (1989) Total fertility rate: 6.5 children born/woman (1989) Nationality: noun--Mozambican(s); adjective--Mozambican Ethnic divisions: majority from indigenous tribal groups; about 10,000 Europeans, 35,000 Euro-Africans, 15,000 Indians Religion: 60% indigenous beliefs, 30% Christian, 10% Muslim Language: Portuguese (official); many indigenous dialects Literacy: 14% Labor force: NA, but 90% engaged in agriculture Organized labor: 225,000 workers belong to a single union, the Mozambique Workers' Organization (OTM) Government Long-form name: People's Republic of Mozambique Type: people's republic Capital: Maputo Administrative divisions: 10 provinces (provincias, singular--provincia); Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia Independence: 25 June 1975 (from Portugal) Constitution: 25 June 1975 Legal system: based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law National holiday: Independence Day, 25 June (1975) Branch: unicameral legislature (People's Assembly), last convened in December 1988 Leaders: Chief of State Head of Government Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO, President (since November 1986); Mario da Graca MACHUNGO, Prime Minister (since July 1986) Suffrage: universal adult Elections: legislative elections held in many areas of the country in 1986 Political parties and leaders: Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) is the only legal party and is a Marxist organization with close ties to the USSR Communists: about 60,000 FRELIMO members Member of: AfDB, CCC, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), IBRD, ICAO, IFAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, ITU, NAM, OAU, SADCC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Valeriano FERRAO; Chancery at Suite 570, 1990 M Street NW, Washington DC 20036; telephone (202) 293-7146; US--Ambassador Melissa F. WELLS; Embassy at 3rd Floor, 35 Rua Da Mesquita, Maputo (mailing address is P. O. Box 783, Maputo); telephone 743167 or 744163 Flag: three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book Economy Overview: One of Africa's poorest countries, Mozambique has a per capita GDP of under $100. The nation has failed to exploit the economic potential of its large agricultural, hydropower, and transportation resources. Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, accounting for nearly 50% of GDP and for a major share of exports. Industry contributes roughly 10% to GDP, depending heavily upon agricultural products for processing. Over the past decade the economy has experienced a dramatic deterioration. After growing at more than 2% annually during the period 1977-81, GDP declined at an annual rate of 8% between 1981 and 1986. Agricultural output is at only 75% of its 1981 level, and grain has to be imported. Problems persist, with industry operating at only 20-40% of capacity, and the economy is heavily dependent upon foreign assistance to stay afloat. GNP: $500 million, per capita less than $100; real growth rate 4.0% (1987 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 15% (1987 est.) Unemployment rate: 25% (1987 est.) Budget: revenues $122 million; expenditures $321 million, including capital expenditures of $64 million (1987 est.) Exports: $85.9 million (f.o.b., 1987 est.); commodities--shrimp 48%, cashews 21%, sugar 10%, copra 3%, citrus 3%; partners--US, Western Europe, GDR, Japan Imports: $642 million (c.i.f., 1987 est.), including aid; commodities--food, clothing, farm equipment, petroleum; partners--US, Western Europe, USSR External debt: $1.7 billion (December 1987) Industrial production: growth rate 5.7% (1987) Electricity: 2,263,000 kW capacity; 1,741 million kWh produced, 120 kWh per capita (1988) Industries: food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), petroleum products, textiles, nonmetallic mineral products (cement, glass, asbestos), tobacco Agriculture: cash crops--cotton, cashew nuts, sugar, tea, copra, sisal, rice; other crops--corn, wheat, peanuts, potatoes, beans, sorghum, cassava Aid: NA Currency: metical (plural--meticais); 1 metical (Mt) = 100 centavos Exchange rates: meticais (Mt) per US$1--645 (January 1989), 404 (June 1987), NA (1986), NA (1985) Fiscal year: calendar year Communications Railroads: 3,797 km total; 3,649 km 1.067-meter gauge; 148 km 0.762-meter narrow gauge; Malawi-Nacala, Malawi-Beira, and Zimbabwe-Maputo lines are subject to closure because of insurgency Highways: 26,498 km total; 4,593 km paved; 829 km gravel, crushed stone, stabilized soil; 21,076 km unimproved earth Inland waterways: about 3,750 km of navigable routes Pipelines: 306 km crude oil (not operating); 289 km refined products Ports: Maputo, Beira, Nacala Merchant marine: 5 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 8,329 GRT/12,698 DWT Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft Airports: 214 total, 171 usable; 27 with permanent-surface runways; 6 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 30 with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: fair system of troposcatter, open-wire lines, and radio relay; 57,400 telephones; stations--9 AM, 3 FM, 1 TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT station; 3 domestic satellite stations Defense Forces Branches: Mozambique Armed Forces (including Army, Border Guard, Naval Command, Air Force) Military manpower: males 15-49, 3,224,904; 1,852,171 fit for military service Military budget: $74 million, 34.6% of central government budget (1987)