$Unique_ID{COW02276}
$Pretitle{428}
$Title{Macau
Statistical Profile of Macau}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Central Intelligence Agency}
$Affiliation{United States Government}
$Subject{macau
china
rate
hong
kong
portugal
chinese
portuguese
interests
na}
$Date{1990}
$Log{Map of Macau*0227601.scf
}
Country:     Macau
Book:        CIA World Factbook
Author:      Central Intelligence Agency
Affiliation: United States Government
Date:        1990


[See Map of Macau]

Statistical Profile of Macau

Geography

Total area: 16 km2; land area: 16 km2

Comparative area: about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC

Land boundary: 0.34 km with China

Coastline: 40 km

Maritime claims:
Exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
Territorial sea: 6 nm

Disputes: scheduled to become a Special Administrative Region of China
in 1999

Climate: subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers

Terrain: generally flat

Natural resources: negligible

Land use: 0% arable land; 0% permanent crops; 0% meadows and
pastures; 0% forest and woodland; 100% other

Environment: essentially urban; one causeway and one bridge connect
the two islands to the peninsula on mainland

Note: 27 km west southwest of Hong Kong on the southeast coast of
China

People

Population: 436,480 (July 1989), growth rate 1.3% (1989)

Birth rate: 17 births/1,000 population (1989)

Death rate: 5 deaths/1,000 population (1989)

Net migration rate: 2 migrants/1,000 population (1989)

Infant mortality rate: 8 deaths/1,000 live births (1989)

Life expectancy at birth: 75 years male, 79 years female (1989)

Total fertility rate: 2.2 children born/woman (1989)

Nationality: noun--Macanese (sing. and pl.); adjective--Macau

Ethnic divisions: 95% Chinese, 3% Portuguese, 2% other

Religion: mainly Buddhist; 17,000 Roman Catholics, of whom about half are
Chinese

Language: Portuguese (official); Cantonese is the language of
commerce

Literacy: almost 100% among Portuguese and Macanese; no data on Chinese
population

Labor force: 180,000 (1986)

Organized labor: none

Government

Long-form name: none

Type: territory of Portugal; scheduled to revert to China in 1999

Capital: Macau

Administrative divisions: 2 districts (concelhos, singular--concelho);
Ilhas, Macau

Independence: none (territory of Portugal); Portugal signed an agreement
with China on 13 April 1987 to return Macau to China on 20 December 1999; in the
joint declaration, China promises to respect Macau's existing social and
economic systems and lifestyle for 50 years after transition

Constitution: 17 February 1976, Organic Law of Macau

Legal system: Portuguese civil law system

National holiday: Day of Portugal, 10 June

Branches: governor assisted by five secretaries-adjunct (all appointed
by president of Portugal), 17-member Legislative Assembly (five appointed by
governor, six elected by direct and universal suffrage, six elected indirectly
by various groups and associations)

Leader: Chief of State Head of Government Carlos MELANCIA,
Governor (since July 1987)

Suffrage: Portuguese, Chinese, and foreign residents over 18

Elections: conducted every four years

Political parties and leaders: Association to Defend the Interests of
Macau; Macau Democratic Center; Group to Study the Development of Macau; Macau
Independent Group

Other political or pressure groups: wealthy Macanese and Chinese
representing local interests, wealthy pro-Communist merchants representing
China's interests; in January 1967 the Macau Government acceded to Chinese
demands that gave China veto power over administration

Member of: Multifiber Agreement

Diplomatic representation: as Chinese territory under Portuguese
administration, Macanese interests in the US are represented by Portugal;
US--the US has no offices in Macau and US interests are monitored
by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong

Flag: the flag of Portugal is used

Economy

Overview: The economy is based largely on tourism (including
gambling), and textile and fireworks manufacturing. Efforts to diversify have
resulted in other small industries--toys, artificial flowers, and electronics.
In 1985 the tourist sector accounted for about 25% of GDP, and the clothing
industry provided 69% of export earnings. Macau depends on China for most of its
food, fresh water, and energy imports. Japan and Hong Kong are the main
suppliers of raw materials and capital goods.

GDP: $2.0 billion, per capita $4,350; real growth rate 8% (1987 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%

Unemployment rate: NA%

Budget: $276 million; expenditures $255 million, including capital
expenditures of NA (1986)

Exports: $1.08 billion (1986); commodities--textiles, clothing;
partners--US 33%, Hong Kong 16%, France 12%, FRG 11% (1986)

Imports: $0.91 billion (1986); commodities--raw materials,
foodstuffs; partners--Hong Kong 46%, China 20% (1986)

External debt: NA

Industrial production: 20% (1984)

Electricity: 179,000 kW capacity; 485 million kWh produced,
1,120 kWh per capita (1988)

Industries: clothing, textiles, toys, plastic products, furniture, tourism

Agriculture: rice, vegetables; food shortages--rice, vegetables, meat;
depends mostly on imports for food requirements

Aid: NA

Currency: pataca (plural--patacas); 1 pataca (P) = 100 avos

Exchange rates: patacas (P) per US$1--8.03 (March 1989), 8.044 (1988),
7.993 (1987), 8.029 (1986), 8.045 (1985); linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the
rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar

Fiscal year: calendar year

Communications

Highways: 42 km paved

Ports: Macau

Civil air: no major transport aircraft

Airports: none; 1 seaplane station

Telecommunications: fairly modern communication facilities maintained for
domestic and international services; 52,000 telephones; stations--4 AM, 3 FM,
no TV; 75,000 radio receivers (est.); international high-frequency radio
communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided
via Hong Kong and China

Defense Forces

Note: defense is responsibility of Portugal