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0 Help for help
0 Revision: 1.18 $
1 Keys help
2 News Groups
3 Thread List
4 Article Window
5 Article
5 Next unread
5 Next article
5 Previous article
5 First in thread
5 Last in thread
5 Mark art read
5 Mark art unread
5 Save article
5 File article
5 Append to file
5 Append article to file
5 Save article to folder
6 Print
6 Print article
6 Print thread
6 Printing
7 Thread
7 Next thread
7 Previous thread
7 First in group
7 Last in group
7 Mark thread unread
7 Mark thread read
7 Kill thread
7 Revive thread
7 Save thread
7 File thread
7 Append thread to file
7 Save thread to folder
8 Group
8 Next group
8 Previous group
8 First group
8 Last group
8 Mark group read
8 Mark group unread
9 Search
9 Continue
9 Search article
9 Search thread
9 Search group
10 Message header
11 Enter search string
12 Mail
12 Delete article
12 Undelete article
13 Write article
13 Mail reply
13 Comment
13 Begin new thread
13 Post article
14 Options
14 Colours
14 Colour settings
14 Configure colors
16 Exit
16 Exit program
16 Continue program
16 Exit without saving index
17 Shell to DOS
18 Configuration
18 CPPNEWS.INI
19 Directory configuration
19 Logging postings
19 Signature file
19 Home directory
20 Mail configuration
20 User ID
20 Domain name
20 Node name
20 Organisation
20 Wordwrap configuration
20 Automatic CC
21 News configuration
21 News server
22 Key configuration
22 Toolbar configuration
23 Key names
24 Tool Bar
25 Article Header
26 Wordwrap
27 Folder
27 Folder name
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To access help, press the F1 key. This will show a window (like this one) 
with context-sensitive help for whatever function you were doing at the 
time you pressed F1.
Once in the help system, press F1 again to access the help index, PgDn to 
access the next page of help, PgUp to access the previous page, or Esc to 
leave the help system.
On many help pages, certain words or phrases may be highlighted (press Tab
or Shift+Tab to move the highlight). These words or phrases, called 
"hypertext links", indicate further pages of help that may be relevant.
Pressing Return while an link is highlighted will jump directly to the
relevant page. 

A special page of help called Keys help  can be accessed at any time by 
pressing the F9 key.
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F1        Help                 Tab       Move to next item in a Dialog
Alt+F4    Exit program         Shift+Tab Move to previous item in a Dialog
F9        Keys help            Return    Accept the current Dialog
F10       Action bar menu                Select the current menu/list item
Shift+F10 Help for help        Esc       Abandon the current action.

Alt+A Article menu      Alt+T Thread menu        Alt+W Write article menu
Ctl+N Next article      Alt+N Next thread        Alt+M Mail reply 
Ctl+P Previous article  Alt+P Previous thread    Alt+C Comment 
Ctl+F First in thread   Alt+F First in group     Alt+B Begin new thread 
Ctl+L Last in thread    Alt+L Last in group      
Ctl+R mark art Read     Alt+R mark thread Read   Alt+E Exit menu
Ctl+U mark art Unread   Alt+U mark thread Unread 
Ctl+A Append to file    Alt+K Kill thread        Alt+S Search menu
Ctl+D(Delete article)                            F2    Continue 
Ctl+S(Save article)     Alt+G  Group menu        F4    Search article 
Tab   Next unread       F3     Next group        F5    Search thread 
Alt+O Options menu      Shf+F3 Previous group    F6    Search group 
These are the standard keys - see key configuration for details of how to
change them. 
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The news groups list shows all current news groups.
Use the cursor to select a group, and press Return
to show the Thread List for the selected group.

Or double click on a group with the mouse.

Included in the group list are pseudo groups for
mail - one for each mail file in the incoming mail 
directory. See Mail 
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The thread list shows all threads in the current
news group. Use the cursor to select a thread,
and press Return to show the first article in
the selected thread.

Or double click on a thread with the mouse.

Or use the Tab key to move to the next unread
thread or article.
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The article window shows the current article.
The first line shows the newsgroup, the number of lines in the article,
and the article position in the current thread. 
The second line shows the author's name and organisation. 

The article text is shown in a box. The box title is the article subject.
At the top left of the box is a letter, indicating whether the article
has been read. 

R = read
U = unread
K = killed
D = deleted (messages in mail folders only)

Use the up, down, PgUp, PgDn, Home and End keys to move the bookmark
arrow around the text, or shifted up and down keys to scroll the text 
directly.

Pressing <cr> marks the current article as read, and goes to the next one.
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Items in the article menu operate on individual news messages.

Next unread (Tab) will show you the next unread article in the current 
thread, and mark the current article as read.
If there are no more unread articles in the thread, it will show you the 
next thread that contains unread messages, or the next group.

Next article will show you the next message in the current thread. If 
there are no more articles, it will move to the next thread in the thread 
display. It will NOT mark the article as read - 

Previous, first and last will likewise show you the appropriate article in
the current thread. These do not mark the article as read either.

Mark read/unread will mark the current article as read or unread.

Append to file will add the current article to the end of a file of your 
choosing. You can print an article or thread by naming your file LPT1.

Save to folder copies the current article to a mail folder .

See also Delete article 
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To print an article, use Article/Append to file (^A), and send the article
to file LPT1.

To print awhole thread use Thread/Append to file, and send the thread
to file LPT1.
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The Thread menu commands operate on whole threads. Choosing the next,
previous, first or last options will move you to the appropriate position
in the thread display. 

Marking a thread read or unread marks ALL the articles in the thread. To
ensure you don't do this by mistake, you are asked to confirm. 

Killing a thread makes Next unread ignore all the articles in it. Killed
articles are marked as read on normal program exit, provided you have 
viewed the thread list for that group. Killed threads are remembered from
one session to another, so any new articles are ignored too. Killing a
thread in one newsgroup will kill all threads with the same subject in
all other newsgroups. 

Eventually, expire will remove the articles in a killed thread. If you
want to mark them as read, wait till you have read all the (unkilled)
articles in the group, then do Mark group read in the Group menu. 

Append to file writes the whole thread on to the end of the disk file you 
specify.

Save to folder copies the whole thread to a mail folder .
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The Group menu commands operate on whole groups.
Choosing the next, previous, first or last options
will move you to the appropriate position in the
group display.

Marking a group read or unread marks ALL the
articles in the group. To ensure you don't do
this by mistake, you are asked to confirm.
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The search menu options, and the search options in the
 group  thread and article  menus allow searching for text.

Case is not significant in searches.

If there is an article displayed when you start searching,
the search continues from the current line in that article.

Otherwise, searching starts from the beginning of the currently
selected article, thread or group.
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Enter or overwrite the subject for this message, and 
the newsgroups or mail addresses to which it is to be 
sent.

Multiple newsgroups or mail addresses are allowed,
separated by commas.

Editing keys available are ...
Arrow keys move the cursor
Ins        toggles insert mode
Ctl+End    deletes to end of line
Ctl+Home   deletes to start of line
Tab        Move to next item
Return     Accept dialog

You can amend these items, and other header lines, later, 
after editing the article - see Article Header 
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Enter or overwrite the test to search for. All your
input will be forced to lower case.

Editing keys available are ...
Arrow keys move the cursor
Ins        toggles insert mode
Ctl+End    deletes to end of line
Ctl+Home   deletes to start of line
Tab        Move to next item
Return     Accept dialog
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Cppnews automatically checks your incoming mail directory for any mail 
files, and displays a pseudo group called "mail.for.name" (where name is 
the user name who has had mail).

Mail is organised into threads on the same subject, just like news. The 
main difference is that you are allowed to delete mail messages, using
Article/Delete and Article/undeleTe.

Killing a mail thread has the same effect as deleting the whole thread, 
except that future messages on the same subject will also be automatically
killed.

A deleted message will be removed from the mail file on normal program
exit. If you Exit without saving index the deletion will not be actioned.
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Mail allows you to reply to an article by mail, 
  forward an article to another user, or just
  mail another user.

Comment to article allows you to post a message
  commenting on the current article to this or
  any other newsgroup.

Begin new thread allows you to post to this or
  any other newsgroup.

These commands have less distinction in mail - the 
  only differences are the default values for subject
  and destination user.
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There are three sets of colours used in cppnews.
Alert Colours   - used for alert boxes, yes/no questions and error messages.
Help Colours    - used for help screens (like this one).
Default Colours - used for everything else.

Each colour set contains 8 attribute colours, for each possible
combination of 3 attributes - Focus, Disable and Highlight. 

Choose the colour set from the main dialog. The "Configure colours"
dialog appears. 

Choose any of the 8 attributes, then choose the foreground and background 
colours for that attribute.

This is easy to do with the mouse. If you don't have a mouse, you will 
find that the Tab key moves the focus between the different boxes, and the
cursor key selects items within a box.

See also Wordwrap - PgDn for more about colours ...
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Every item on the screen in cppnews has 3 attributes, which can all
be on or off independently. They are ...

Focus - this attribute is on when the keyboard focus is on the
  object. Keyboard focus means that any key you press will be sent to
  the object.
Disable - this attribute is set if the current item is disabled. 
Highlight - used to indicate the current item in a list or menu.

Uses of the various colours in cppnews ...
Focus ...       Currently selected hypertext link in help screens
                Currently selected menu bar button.
                Currently selected button or other item in a dialog box
Highlight ...   Currently selected menu option
                Currently selected item in a list
Disabled ...    Killed thread
                Disabled menu option
                Disabled entry field in a dialog box
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On exiting the program, the index of articles 
you have read is normally updated. You can
leave the index unchanged (so news does not
remember which articles you read this session)
by choosing the "eXit without saving index"
option.

When the index is updated, any mail spool files
which have been modified (read/unread, killed or
deleted) are also re-written.
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This option on the Exit menu enables you to
run a DOS program - just type the program
command line at the prompt.
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All the configuration information for cppnews is stored in
the file "CPPNEWS.INI" in your news directory (pointed at
by the CPPNEWS environment variable, the SNEWS environment
variable, or found in your current directory). 

If the file cannot be found, cppnews attempts to build its
configuration from "SNEWS.RC", the snews config file. 

CPPNEWS.INI is similar to your DOS environment - it
contains lines of the form :-

<keyword> = <value> 

See Directory configuration  News configuration and Key configuration .
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Directory settings in CPPNEWS.INI

Name           Used for                               Example

maildir        Where incoming mail is held            \nos\spool\mail\
home           Where your signature file is kept      \nikki\
signature      The name of your signature file        nikki.sig
mailqueue      Directory for outgoing mail            \nos\spool\mqueue\
editor         Command line for your editor.
               include %s where you want the file
               name on the command line               zed %s
tempdir        Temporary files are stored here        \tmp\
newsdir        Where batched news is left by ka9q     \nos\spool\articles\

These last two items are not used by cppnews at present. They will be 
required when an unbatch replacement is written.

See News configuration  Key configuration and Configuration .
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Mail settings in CPPNEWS.INI

Name           Used for                           Example
userid         Your user name                     nikki
name           Your full name                     Nikki Locke
domain         Domain name                        demon.co.uk
nodename       Your machine name                  trmphrst
organisation   Your organisation name             Trumphurst Ltd.
maxarticlesize Max size of article which can be
               viewed in cppnews, in kB.          32
mailext        Extension for mail spool files     .txt
startofheader  String delimiting mail articles    From 
quotemark      Characters to use for quoting      > 
tabwidth       Tab size                           8
wordwrap       Column at which to word wrap       78
maillog        Mail folder to log all mail sent   maillog
mailcc         Default CC line for mail sent      nikki@trmphrst.demon.co.uk
mailbcc        Default BCC line for mail sent     nikki@trmphrst.demon.co.uk

See News configuration  Key configuration  Directory configuration 
and Configuration .
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News settings in CPPNEWS.INI

Name           Used for                           Example
newslog        Mail folder name to log all posts  newslog
newscc         Default CC line for news posted    nikki@trmphrst.demon.co.uk
newsbcc        Default BCC line for news posted   nikki@trmphrst.demon.co.uk
newsserver     Machine with the news server       news.demon.co.uk
servername     Mailbox for news postings          mail2news

For news servers like demon, use the mail address of the news server
(i.e. "mail2news").

For news servers like decrwl, postings are mailed to the newsgroup name at
the server. Often, the full stop characters in the newsgroup name must be 
translated to some other character *usually "-"). Use the character to 
translate full stops into as the servername (or "." for no translation).

See Key configuration  Mail configuration  Directory configuration 
and Configuration .
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Name                   Key  Toolbar  Name                   Key  Toolbar
Article/neXt unread    Tab  [->]     Thread/Append
Article/Next           ^N   [>>]     Thread/Save to folder
Article/Previous       ^P   [<<]     Thread/Search          F5   [Th?]
Article/First          ^F            Group/Next             F3
Article/Last           ^L            Group/Previous         ShF3
Article/mark Read      ^R            Group/First
Article/mark Unread    ^U            Group/Last
Article/Delete         ^D            Group/mark Read
Article/undeleTe                     Group/mark Unread
Article/Append to file ^A            Group/Search           F6   [Grp?]
Article/Save to folder ^S            Search/Continue        F2   [??]
Article/Search         F4   [Art?]   Write article/Mail     AltM [Mail]
Thread/Next            AltN          Write article/Comment  AltC [Comment] 
Thread/Previous        AltP          Write article/Begin    AltB [Post]
Thread/First           AltF          Options/Colours
Thread/Last            AltL          Options/Wordwrap
Thread/mark Read       AltR [MkRd]   Exit/Exit program      AltF4 
Thread/mark Unread     AltU          Exit/Shell to DOS
Thread/Kill            AltK [Kill]   Exit/eXit nosave
Thread/reVive
All the standard "hot keys" and "Toolbar entries" in the cppnews menu
system are configurable in CPPNEWS.INI. See Key names and Tool Bar .
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Most keys are represented by the character(s) on the keytop.
The function keys are represented by F1 to F10.
The Shifted function keys are ShF1 to ShF10.
The cursor keys are Left, Right, Up, Down, Home, End, PgUp and PgDn.
Control keys are preceeded by the ^ character (e.g. ^Left or ^A). 
Note that ^H, ^I, ^[, ^M and ^J are not allowed as hot keys.
Alt keys are preceeded by Alt (e.g. AltF2 or AltB).

Leaving a keyname blank means no hot key is assigned for that menu item.

See Key configuration for details.
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Under the cppnews main menu is the tool bar.  This is a user-configurable 
set of mouse buttons that can be clicked on with the mouse to perform any 
menu option directly.

To change the contents of the tool bar, you need to edit CPPNEWS.INI.
Each key configuration line may have an optional quoted string following 
it, which contains the text for the tool button.  Tools appear in the tool
bar in the same order as they appear in CPPNEWS.INI (you can rearrange the
order of the lines in CPPNEWS.INI if you wish).

Each tool button in the tool bar is separated by a space, so you could 
have a tool for each possible menu option if you made the text short 
enough (i.e. one character in most cases).

The default tools tool bar settings are shown in Toolbar configuration .
See also Configuration for more information.
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You may alter any of these headers. 
*** Warning *** - no validation is performed.

From:          Your user name.
Full name      Your full name.
ReplyTo:       Fully qualified address to direct replies to (default = you).
Subject:
References:    Article ID's of references.
To/Groups      Newsgroups (posting) or fully qualified user name (mail).
Distribution:  Newsgroups only.
Followup-To:   Newsgroups only - specifies newsgroup name to which 
               comments should be directed.
Cc:            Fully qualified user names to receive copies. 
               The list of names appears in the header.
               The default value is taken from
Bcc:           Fully qualified user names to receive copies.
               The list of names does not appear in the header.
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The word wrap setting is the column at which
word wrap is to occur. Word wrap can be turned 
off altogether, by setting the word wrap column 
to 0.

The word wrap algorithm attempts to wrap at
whitespace, or at exclamation points ('!' -
otherwise it couldn't wrap the Path: header). 

If it can find no suitable place to wrap a line
within the specified margin, it allows the line
to continue to the next such character. 

You can change the word wrap margin by choosing 
Options/Wordwrap.
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You can copy articles and threads into mail
folders (.txt files in your incoming mail
directory). These mail folders appear in the main
groups list. When copying, type the name of the
folder to which you want to copy (this must be an
8 character DOS file name). If the folder name
you gave does not exist, you will be given the
opportunity to create a new one. 

See Save article to folder  Save thread to folder 
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