═══ 1. About the Legacy Version ═══

This document describes the "legacy" version of the Resource Compiler (RC16). 
RC16 is an obsolete level of the Resource Compiler.  It remains available for 
applications that cannot utilize the newer (stricter) level of RC. 

The new version of RC (that replaces RC16) is described in the online Tools 
Reference document. 


═══ 2. Resource Compiler ═══

The OS/2 Resource Compiler (RC) is an application-development tool that lets 
you add application resources, such as message strings, pointers, menus, and 
dialog boxes, to the executable file of your application. The Resource Compiler 
is primarily intended to prepare data for OS/2 applications that use functions 
such as WinLoadString, WinLoadPointer, WinLoadMenu, and WinLoadDlg.  These 
functions load resources from the executable file of your application or 
another specified executable file.  The application can then use the loaded 
resources as needed. 

The Resource Compiler and the resource functions let you quickly define and/or 
modify application resources without recompiling the application itself.  That 
is, RC can modify the resources in an executable file at any time without 
affecting the rest of the file. This means that you can create custom 
applications from a single executable file - you just use RC to add the custom 
resources you need to each application. 

The Resource Compiler is especially important for international applications 
because it lets you define all language-dependent data, such as message 
strings, as resources.  Preparing the application for a new language is simply 
a matter of adding new resources to the existing executable file. 

Note:  Make sure the file RCPP.EXE (the Resource Compiler preprocessor) is 
       available for the use of the Resource Compiler. It can be in the current 
       directory, or in a directory to which there is a path. 


═══ 2.1. Command-Line Options ═══

The following options can be specified on the Resource Compiler command line: 

 -d <defname>[=<value>] Define macro to preprocessor 
 -i <pathspec>       Include file path 
 -n                  Suppress the display of the logo and the copyright 
                     information 
 -r                  Create .res file 
 -p                  Pack - 386 resources will not cross 64K boundaries. 
 -cp (or -k)  {<codepage>|<lbs,lbe>...} DBCS code page or lead byte information 
 -x[{1|2}]           Exepack - compress resources, using method 1 or 2. 
 -cc <countrycode>   Country code 
 -w2                 Suppress the display of all warning and informational 
                     messages. Errors and fatal errors continue to be 
                     displayed. 
 -h (or -?)          Access Help 

 Leave a blank after the letter when using option -cc, -d, -i , -cp or -k. 
 Upper- or lowercase letters can be used. 


═══ 2.1.1. Explanation of Command-Line Options ═══

The -d option is useful for passing conditional-compilation flags to the 
preprocessor. The <defname> is a sequence of letters, underscore symbols, and 
digits which does not begin with a digit. The <value> is a sequence of symbols 
which you want to substitute for the <defname> wherever it appears in the input 
script file.  If you omit the =<value>, the <defname> will be set to the 
default value 1. For example, the option -d _3d is equivalent to including at 
the beginning of the input file this line: 

#define   _3d     1 

You can use the -d option up to 8 times to define different macros from the 
command line. 

The -i option defines paths for files to be included with the source file. The 
<pathspec> is any path where you want RC to search for files included by the 
preprocessor #include directive.  The <pathspec> must not contain embedded 
blanks.  To include more than one path, code the -i option once for each path. 
The preprocessor reads paths from the INCLUDE environment variable after 
reading the paths you provide with -i options. 

The -r option will create in your current directory a binary resource file 
containing the resources you compile.  The -r option takes no argument.  The 
name given to this binary resource file will be the same as the name of the 
input resource script file except that the extension will be .RES instead of 
.RC. When you use -r, you do not bind resources to an executable file. 

The -p option is used only when binding resources to an executable.  It 
positions resources so that they do not cross 64K boundaries. 

The -cp or -k option is used to specify code page information for the resource 
script file to be compiled. The <codepage> is a numeric code page value. For a 
list of code page values, see the code page table under COUNTRYCODE in the 
online book OS/2 Warp Control Program Programming Reference. Instead of 
specifying a code page, you may provide a sequence of pairs of DBCS lead byte 
code points.  Each pair of numbers gives the lower and upper limit of a range 
of code points which are to be interpreted as DBCS lead bytes (see DBCS Code 
Pages and Country Codes for more information). The code page must be valid for 
the country code in effect: either the default country code or the country 
specified using the -cc option. 

The -cc option allows you to specify a country code for the resource script 
file to be compiled. The <countrycode> is a number from the table under 
COUNTRYCODE in the online book OS/2 Warp Control Program Programming Reference. 

The -x option is used only when binding resources to an executable.  It causes 
resources to be compressed.  These resources will be decompressed automatically 
when the resource is accessed. 

The -x1 option causes Resource Compiler to use the compression algorithm that 
is compatible with OS/2 2.0, 2.1, and 2.11, as well as OS/2 3.0 and later. 

The -x2 option causes Resource Compiler to use a compression algorithm that is 
compatible with OS/2 3.0 and later. The -x2 option will produce smaller 
executable files that can access resources faster. 

-x with no number defaults to -x1. 

The -n option (nologo) causes Resource Compiler to suppress the display of the 
logo and the copyright information. 

The -w2 option causes Resource Compiler to suppress the display of all warning 
and informational messages. Errors and fatal errors continue to be displayed. 

The -h and -? options cause Resource Compiler to display a summary of the 
available options and environment variables that it uses.  When you use these 
options, Resource Compiler does not read any input files. Entering "RC16" on 
the command line with no operands displays the same information. 


═══ 2.1.2. Help ═══

To display Resource Compiler help, type RC with no parameters, at a command 
prompt. The appropriate copyright statement will be displayed, along with a 
list of Resource Compiler options. You can also display this list by using the 
command-line options -h or -?. 

Usage:  rc16 [<options>] <.RC input file> [<.EXE output file>]
   or:  rc16 [<options>] <.RES input file> [<.EXE output file>]
   or:  rc16 [<options>] -r <.RC input file> [<.RES output file>]

        -d <defname>    - Preprocessor define
        -D <defname>    - Preprocessor define
        -i <path>       - Include file path
        -r              - Create .res file
        -p              - Pack - 386 resources will not cross 64K boundaries
        -x[1|2]         - Exepack - Compress resources, using method 1 or 2
        -cc cc          - Country code
        -cp cp | lb,tb,...      - DBCS codepage or lead/trail byte info
        -n              - Don't show logo
        -w2             - Suppress warnings
        -?              - Access Help
        -h              - Access Help

Environment variables:
        DBCS=cp | lb,tb,...
        TMP=<temporary file path>
        TEMP=<temporary file path>
        INCLUDE=<include file path>; ...

Note:  Option -X2 will compress executable files that run only on OS/2 versions 
       3.0 and later. 


═══ 2.2. Resource Script Files ═══

This topic describes the resource script file used to define your application 
resources and explains how to compile the file and add the resources to your 
executable file. 

Use the Resource Compiler to perform the following actions: 

     Create a resource script file. 

     Compile the file. 

     Add the file to the executable file of your application (optional). 

 The following sections describe the resource script file and the RC program. 

 Resource Script Files 

 A resource script file consists of one or more resource statements that define 
 the type, identifier, and data for each resource.  For example, the following 
 multiple-line resource statement defines a menu to be used with an 
 application: 

    MENU 1
    BEGIN
        MENUITEM "Alpha", 101
        MENUITEM "Beta", 102
    END

 A resource script file is a text file you can create by using an ordinary text 
 editor.  Since some resources may contain binary data that cannot be created 
 using a text editor, many resource statements let you specify additional files 
 to include when compiling the resource script file. For example, the following 
 statement defines an icon and specifies the file MYICON.ICO as containing the 
 icon data: 

    ICON 1 myicon.ico

 Directives 

 A resource script file can also contain directives. For example, the following 
 directive includes the header file OS2.H when RC processes the resource script 
 file: 

    #include <os2.h>

 Resource script files typically have the .RC file extension. .RC is the 
 default extension; use it for all your resource script files. 

 Note:  Although the Resource Compiler is C-like in syntax, it is not a C 
        compiler. Use only the Resource Compiler statements. 


═══ 2.3. Directives ═══

A directive is a Resource Compiler statement that carries out a task such as 
including a header file, defining constants, or conditionally compiling 
portions of the resource script file. 

Directives 

      elif Directive 
      else Directive 
      endif Directive 
      if Directive 
      ifdef Directive 
      ifndef Directive 


═══ 2.3.1. Using the Resource Compiler ═══

The Resource Compiler (RC) compiles a resource script file to create a new file 
called a binary resource file. 

The binary resource file can be added to the executable file of the 
application, replacing any existing resources in that file. 

You can start RC in any of three ways. 

     Compile and add a resource definition file to an executable file 
     Compile a resource script file 
     Add a binary resource file to an executable file 

 The RC command line has the following three basic forms: 

    rc16 resource-script-file [executable-file]

    rc16 resource-file [executable-file]

    rc16 -r resource-script-file [resource-file]

 Note:  The third option does not add to the executable file.

 The resource-script-file field must be the file name of the resource script 
 file to be compiled.  If the file is not in the current directory, you must 
 provide a full path.  If you provide a file name without specifying an 
 extension, RC automatically appends the .RC extension to the name. 

 The executable-file field must be the name of the executable file to receive 
 the compiled resources.  This is a file having an extension of either .EXE or 
 .DLL.  If the file is not in the current directory, you must provide a full 
 path.  If you omit the executable-file field, RC adds the compiled resources 
 to the executable file that has the same name as the resource script file but 
 which has the .EXE file extension.  If you specify the executable-file field 
 but omit the extension, RC will append the .EXE extension.  If this executable 
 file does not exist, RC displays an error message. 

 The -r option directs RC to compile the resource script file without adding it 
 to an executable file.  You can use this option to prepare a binary resource 
 file that you can add to an executable file at a later time.  If you do not 
 explicitly name a binary resource file along with the -r option, RC uses the 
 same name as the resource script file but with the .RES extension. 

 The resource-file field must be the name of the binary resource file to be 
 added to the executable file.  If the binary resource file does not already 
 exist, RC creates it; otherwise, RC replaces the existing file.  If the file 
 is not in the current directory, you must provide a full path.  The binary 
 resource file must have the .RES extension. 

 For example, to compile the resource script file EXAMPLE.RC, and add the 
 result to the executable file EXAMPLE.EXE, use the following command: 

    rc16 example

 You do not need to specify the .RC extension. RC creates the binary resource 
 file EXAMPLE.RES and adds the compiled resource to the executable file 
 EXAMPLE.EXE. 

 To compile the resource script file EXAMPLE.RC into a binary resource file 
 without adding the resources to an executable file, use the following command: 

    rc16 -r example

 The compiler creates the binary resource file EXAMPLE.RES. To create a binary 
 resource file that has a name different from the resource script file, use the 
 following command: 

    rc16 -r example newfile.res

 To add the compiled resources in the binary resource file EXAMPLE.RES to an 
 executable file, use the following command: 

    rc16 example.res

 To specify the name of the executable file, if the name is different from the 
 resource file, use the following command: 

    rc16 example.res newfile.exe

 To add the compiled resources to a dynamic-link-library (.DLL) file, use the 
 following command: 

    rc16 example.res dynalink.dll


═══ 2.3.2. DBCS Code Pages and Country Codes ═══

In addition to -r, RC offers two other command-line options: -cp and -cc.  The 
-cp option lets you specify a code-page identifier or DBCS lead byte 
information. The -cc option lets you specify a country code. The syntax is as 
follows: 

  -cp {codepage-id | lead-byte-start, lead-byte-end,...}
  -cc country-code

The lead-byte-start and lead-byte-end fields give the lower and upper limits of 
each interval of DBCS lead bytes which you are defining for the code page. The 
valid range for the lower and upper limit is 128 to 255. The number values in 
the pair should be separated by a comma. You may specify these values instead 
of a codepage-id. For example: 

   -cp 140,150

The codepage-id or country-code field contains a valid code page or country 
code. For a complete list of supported code pages and country codes, see the 
code page table under COUNTRYCODE in the online book OS/2 Warp Control Program 
Programming Guide and Reference. 


═══ 2.4. Defining Constants ═══

The -d option lets you define up to eight symbolic constants on the command 
line.  The syntax is as follows: 

  -d defname[=value]

In the previous example, defname is a name, and value is an integer constant, 
or an expression. The -d option is useful for passing conditional-compilation 
flags to the RC preprocessor. 

The following example specifies a Japanese code-page identifier and also 
defines two symbolic constants to be passed to the preprocessor as 
conditional-compilation flags. 

  rc16 -cp 932 -d DEBUG -d VERSION=2 example

Note:  To process directives in the resource script file, RC uses the files 
RCPP.EXE and RCPP.ERR.  Be sure that these files are in the current directory 
or in a directory specified by your PATH environment variable.  RC creates many 
temporary files and writes them to the directory indicated by the TMP or TEMP 
environment variable.  If RC cannot write these temporary files to this 
directory, it writes them to the current directory. 


═══ 2.4.1. About Resource Statements ═══

Each resource statement consists of one or more keywords, numbers, character 
strings, constants, or file names.  You combine these to define the resource 
type, identifier, and data. 

Keywords are words that have a special meaning to the Resource Compiler. In a 
statement, keywords specify the resource type, the load and memory options, and 
the beginning and end of nested statements. You can use the RC keywords only as 
specified in the statement syntax. 

Keywords, except for those specifying directives, can be any combination of 
uppercase and lowercase letters.  Note that the curly braces, { and }, are 
reserved characters.  You can use them in place of the BEGIN and END keywords. 

Numbers are integers that represent coordinates, dimensions, styles, and other 
numeric data.  You can specify numbers in decimal, octal, or hexadecimal 
notation: 

      Decimal numbers must contain decimal digits but can start with a minus 
      sign (-) when they represent a negative number. 
      Hexadecimal numbers must contain hexadecimal digits (uppercase or 
      lowercase) and must start with the characters 0x. 
      Octal numbers are similar to hexadecimal numbers, except that a lowercase 
      letter o replaces the x. 

 The following example shows several numbers represented in decimal, octal, and 
 hexadecimal notation: 

  ┌────────────────────┬────────────────────┬────────────────────┐
  │DECIMAL             │OCTAL               │HEXADECIMAL         │
  ├────────────────────┼────────────────────┼────────────────────┤
  │1                   │0o1                 │0x1                 │
  ├────────────────────┼────────────────────┼────────────────────┤
  │10                  │0o12                │0xA                 │
  ├────────────────────┼────────────────────┼────────────────────┤
  │255                 │0o377               │0xFF                │
  ├────────────────────┼────────────────────┼────────────────────┤
  │-1                  │0o177777            │0xFFFF              │
  ├────────────────────┼────────────────────┼────────────────────┤
  │65535               │0o177777            │0xFFFF              │
  └────────────────────┴────────────────────┴────────────────────┘

 Statements that create controls in dialog windows and menu items in menus 
 require that you specify an identifier for each control or menu item. 
 Statements that create controls also require you to specify coordinates and 
 dimensions. 

 Identifiers, coordinates, and dimensions are specified using integer values. 
 Each supports a slightly different range of values. Identifiers and 
 coordinates can use either signed or unsigned values;  dimensions only use 
 unsigned values. Coordinates and dimensions can use unsigned values from 0 
 through 65535;  identifiers support unsigned values from 1 through 65535. In 
 addition, identifiers can be character strings as well as numeric values. 

 The ranges specific to each are listed in the following table. 

  ┌───────────────┬────────────────────┬───────────────┬──────────┐
  │               │Signed Range        │Unsigned Range │Strings   │
  ├───────────────┼────────────────────┼───────────────┼──────────┤
  │Identifiers    │-32768 through 32767│1 through 65535│Yes       │
  ├───────────────┼────────────────────┼───────────────┼──────────┤
  │Coordinates    │-32768 through 32767│0 through 65535│No        │
  ├───────────────┼────────────────────┼───────────────┼──────────┤
  │Dimensions     │Not applicable      │0 through 65535│No        │
  └───────────────┴────────────────────┴───────────────┴──────────┘

 You can also use simple expressions that evaluate to a value in the 
 appropriate range;  this enables you to, for example, specify dimensions or 
 coordinates that are relative to those of a corresponding dialog window or 
 menu. A resource identifiers encoded as an expression must resolve to an 
 unsigned integer, not a string. 

 Character strings represent names, labels, titles, and messages. A character 
 string consists of one or more characters enclosed in double quotation marks. 
 Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. If a double quotation 
 mark (") is required in a string, you must include the double quotation mark 
 twice. The meaning of each character value (that is, the character each value 
 represents) depends on the code page (character set) defined for the resource 
 script file. 

 The Resource Compiler interprets the backslash (\) as an escape character in 
 character strings.  You can include any ASCII character in a character string 
 by specifying either \xdd, where dd is the hexadecimal representation of an 
 ASCII character, or \nnn, where nnn is the octal representation of an ASCII 
 character.  If a backslash is required in a string, you must include the 
 backslash twice. 

 In addition, when character strings are used as resource identifiers 
 additional rules apply: 

     They must be enclosed in double quotation marks ("). If a double 
      quotation mark is needed inside the string, it is encoded as two double 
      quotation marks in a row. 

     They cannot contain any character larger than 0x7F. 

     They must be delimited by whitespace, just as an integer ID is. 

     Resources whose resource ID is compiled into a 16-bit value in the binary 
      data area, such as MENUITEM with its menu-id field, or HELPSUBITEM with 
      its child-window-id field, cannot use character strings for IDs. 

     They can contain an embedded newline character by continuing the string 
      on the following line without closing the string. When the input file 
      represents newlines as 0x0D+0x0A or by 0x0D+0x0D+0x0A, the string is 
      compiled with the sequence 0x0A to represent the newline. 

     Duplicate string IDs are not permitted for resources of the same type. 
      However, the same string resource identifier can be used to identify 
      resources of different types. 

      When the Resource Compiler is compiling a script file and encounters more 
      than one resource of the same type having the same string ID, it will 
      generate an error message and stop compiling the file. When the Resource 
      Compiler is binding a .RES file and encounters more than one resource of 
      the same type with the same string ID, it will generate a warning message 
      and ignore the second resource identifier;  only the first resource 
      having the duplicated identifier will be bound to the file. 

 Constants are names that have been assigned values by using the define 
 directive.  A constant can represent a number, a character string, or other 
 data.  Most resource statements in a resource script file use constants, and 
 many use the constants defined in the OS/2 header files (for example, os2.h). 
 For this reason, you should always use the include directive to include OS2.H 
 in your resource script file. 

 File names are OS/2 file names.  If the specified file is not in the current 
 directory, you must specify the drive, directory, and file name. 

 Resource statements have three basic forms: 

      Single-line statements 
      Multiple-line statements 
      Directives 

 Single-line statements consist of a keyword identifying the resource type, a 
 number or character string which specifies the resource identifier, and a file 
 name specifying the file containing the resource data. For example, this ICON 
 statement defines an icon resource: 

    ICON 1 myicon.ico

 The icon resource has the icon identifier 1. The file MYICON.ICO contains the 
 icon data. The same example, using character strings for identifiers is shown 
 below: 

    ICON "MyIcon" myicon.ico

 Multiple-line statements consist of a keyword identifying the resource type, a 
 number or character string which specifies the resource identifier, and, 
 between the BEGIN and END keywords, additional resource statements that define 
 the resource data. For example, this MENU statement defines a menu resource: 

    MENU 1
    BEGIN
        MENUITEM "Alpha", 101
        MENUITEM "Beta",  102
    END

 The menu identifier is 1.  The menu contains two MENUITEM statements that 
 define the contents of the menu. 

 In multiple-line statements such as DLGTEMPLATE and WINDOWTEMPLATE, RC allows 
 any level of nested statements.  For example, the DLGTEMPLATE and 
 WINDOWTEMPLATE statements typically contain a single DIALOG or FRAME 
 statement.  These statements can contain any number of WINDOW and CONTROL 
 statements; the WINDOW and CONTROL statements can contain additional WINDOW 
 and CONTROL statements; and so on.  The nested statements let you define 
 controls and other child windows for the dialog boxes and windows.  If a 
 nested statement creates a child window or control, the parent and owner of 
 the new window is the window created by the containing statement.  (FRAME 
 statements occasionally create frame controls whose parent and owner windows 
 are not the same.) 

 Directives consist of the reserved character # in the first column of a line, 
 followed by the directive keyword and any additional numbers, character 
 strings, or file names. 


═══ 2.4.2. Binary Resource Files ═══

The binary resource file created by the Resource Compiler consists of one or 
more resource entries, each in the following form: 

  struct {
      UCHAR  fResType;
      USHORT usResType;
      union {
          struct {
              UCHAR  fResID;
              USHORT resid;
          };
          UCHAR resname[];
      };
      USHORT fsOptions;
      ULONG  cb;
      BYTE   bytes[1];
  };

The fields in each entry have the following meanings: 

 fRestype              Specifies whether the resource-type identifier is a 
                       string or an integer. For OS/2, the resource type is 
                       always an integer and this field is set to 0xFF. 

 usResType             Specifies the resource-type identifier. This value is a 
                       signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an 
                       unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, or a 
                       character string. The following resource types are 
                       predefined: 

                       RT_ACCELTABLE              Accelerator table 
                       RT_BITMAP                  Bitmap 
                       RT_CHARTBL                 Character table 
                       RT_DIALOG                  Dialog template 
                       RT_DISPLAYINFO             Display information 
                       RT_DLGINCLUDE              Dialog include-file name 
                       RT_FKALONG                 Long-form function-key area 
                       RT_FKASHORT                Short-form function-key area 
                       RT_FONT                    Font 
                       RT_FONTDIR                 Font directory 
                       RT_HELPSUBTABLE            Help subtable 
                       RT_HELPTABLE               Help table 
                       RT_KEYTBL                  Key table 
                       RT_MENU                    Menu template 
                       RT_MESSAGE                 Error-message table 
                       RT_POINTER                 Mouse-pointer shape 
                       RT_RCDATA                  Binary data 
                       RT_STRING                  String table 
                       RT_VKEYTBL                 Virtual key table 
                       RT_RESNAMES                String ID table 

 fResID                Specifies whether the resource identifier is a string or 
                       an integer. For the OS/2 operating system, this field is 
                       set to 0xFF to indicate that the resource identifier is 
                       an integer. 

 resid                 Specifies the resource identifier. This value is an 
                       unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535. 

 resname               Specifies a string resource identifier as a sequence of 
                       characters ending with a 0x00 value. 

 fsOptions             Specifies the load and memory options.  This value can 
                       be a combination of the following: 

                       0x0010           MOVEABLE resource.  If not given, the 
                                        resource is FIXED. 
                       0x0040           PRELOAD resource.  If not given, the 
                                        resource is LOADONCALL. 
                       0x1000           DISCARDABLE resource. 

 cb                    Specifies the size of the resource (in bytes). 

 bytes                 Contains the resource. 

 Note:  There is a size limitation of 65280 bytes for a binary resource file. 


═══ 2.5. Statements ═══

The following statements and directives are used by the Resource Compiler (RC): 

      ACCELTABLE Statement 
      ASSOCTABLE Statement 
      AUTOCHECKBOX Statement 
      AUTORADIOBUTTON Statement 
      BITMAP Statement 
      CHECKBOX Statement 
      CODEPAGE Statement 
      COMBOBOX Statement 
      CONTAINER Statement 
      CONTROL Statement 
      CTEXT Statement 
      CTLDATA Statement 
      DEFAULTICON Statement 
      define Directive 
      DEFPUSHBUTTON Statement 
      DIALOG Statement 
      DLGINCLUDE Statement 
      DLGTEMPLATE Statement 
      EDITTEXT Statement 
      elif Directive 
      else Directive 
      endif Directive 
      ENTRYFIELD Statement 
      FONT Statement 
      FRAME Statement 
      GROUPBOX Statement 
      HELPITEM Statement 
      HELPSUBITEM Statement 
      HELPSUBTABLE Statement 
      HELPTABLE Statement 
      ICON Statement (Resource) 
      ICON Statement (Control) 
      if Directive 
      ifdef Directive 
      ifndef Directive 
      include Directive 
      LISTBOX Statement 
      LTEXT Statement 
      MENU Statement 
      MENUITEM Statement 
      MESSAGETABLE Statement 
      MLE Statement 
      NOTEBOOK Statement 
      POINTER Statement 
      PRESPARAMS Statement 
      PUSHBUTTON Statement 
      RADIOBUTTON Statement 
      RCDATA Statement 
      RCINCLUDE Statement 
      RESOURCE Statement 
      RTEXT Statement 
      SLIDER Statement 
      SPINBUTTON Statement 
      STRINGTABLE Statement 
      SUBITEMSIZE Statement 
      SUBMENU Statement 
      undef Directive 
      VALUESET Statement 
      WINDOW Statement 
      WINDOWTEMPLATE Statement 


═══ 2.5.1. ACCELTABLE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  ACCELTABLE acceltable-id [mem-option] [code-page]
  BEGIN
  key-value, command[, accelerator-options]...
      .
      .
      .
  END

Description 

The ACCELTABLE statement creates a table of accelerators for an application. 
An accelerator is a keystroke that gives the user a quick way to choose a 
command from a menu or carry out some other task.  An accelerator table can be 
loaded when needed from the executable file by using the WinLoadAccelTable 
function. 

You can provide any number of ACCELTABLE statements in a resource script file. 
Each statement must specify a unique table identifier.  You can provide any 
number of accelerator definitions in an accelerator table; however, no two 
definitions in a table can specify the same key. 

Each accelerator definition must specify a key value and command. The 
WinSetAccelTable function used in the application translates the accelerator 
keystroke into a WM_COMMAND, WM_HELP, or WM_SYSCOMMAND message that has the 
corresponding command value.  The message type depends on the 
accelerator-option field. 

 acceltable-id     Specifies the accelerator-table identifier. This value must 
                   be an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, a 
                   simple expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges, 
                   or a character string. Each accelerator table in a resource 
                   script file must have a unique identifier. 
 mem-option        Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is in 
                   memory.  This value must be one of the following: 
                   Option              Meaning 
                   FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                       memory location. 
                   MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary 
                                       to compact memory.  This is the default 
                                       option. 
                   DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                       longer needed. 
 code-page         Specifies a code page value. For a list of valid code pages 
                   see CODEPAGE Statement. 
 key-value         Specifies the character, scan, or virtual-key code of the 
                   accelerator key.  The meaning depends on the 
                   accelerator-options field.  The key-value field must be a 
                   single character enclosed in double-quotation marks or an 
                   integer in the range 0 through 255. If you specify an 
                   integer, you must specify the CHAR, SCANCODE, or VIRTUALKEY 
                   accelerator option; otherwise, the default option is CHAR. 
                   Integers must be in decimal or hexadecimal notation. 
 command           Specifies the command value for the corresponding 
                   WM_COMMAND, WM_HELP, or WM_SYSCOMMAND message.  This value 
                   must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767, 
                   or a simple expression that evaluates to an integer in that 
                   range. 
 accelerator-options Specifies the accelerator type.  This value can be a 
                   combination of the following: 
                   VIRTUALKEY           Specifies that the key-value field is a 
                                        virtual-key code. 
                   SCANCODE             Specifies that the key-value field is a 
                                        keyboard scan code. 
                   CHAR                 Specifies that the key-value field is a 
                                        character code. 
                   SHIFT                Specifies that the user must press the 
                                        Shift key and the key corresponding to 
                                        the key-value field to generate the 
                                        accelerator. 
                   CONTROL              Specifies that the user must press the 
                                        Ctrl key and the key corresponding to 
                                        the key-value field to generate the 
                                        accelerator. 
                   ALT                  Specifies that the user must press the 
                                        Alt key and the key corresponding to 
                                        the key-value field to generate the 
                                        accelerator. 
                   LONEKEY              Specifies that the user needs to press 
                                        only the key corresponding to the 
                                        key-value field to generate the 
                                        accelerator. 
                   SYSCOMMAND           Specifies that the accelerator 
                                        translates to a WM_SYSCOMMAND message. 
                                        If you do not include this option, the 
                                        accelerator translates to a WM_COMMAND 
                                        message. 
                   HELP                 Specifies that the accelerator 
                                        translates to a WM_HELP message.  If 
                                        you do not include this option, the 
                                        accelerator translates to a WM_COMMAND 
                                        message. 

 Note:  VIRTUALKEY, SCANCODE, and CHAR are mutually exclusive. SYSCOMMAND and 
 HELP are also mutually exclusive. 

 Comments 

 If two accelerators use the same key with different Shift, Control, or ALT 
 options, you should specify the more restrictive accelerator first in the 
 table.  For example, you should place Shift+Enter before Enter. 

 If you include the OS2.H header file, you can use the following constants to 
 specify the accelerator options: 

  ┌────────────────────┬────────────────────┬────────────────────┐
  │AF_ALT              │AF_CHAR             │AF_CONTROL          │
  ├────────────────────┼────────────────────┼────────────────────┤
  │AF_HELP             │AF_LONEKEY          │AF_SCANCODE         │
  ├────────────────────┼────────────────────┼────────────────────┤
  │AF_SHIFT            │AF_SYSCOMMAND       │AF_VIRTUALKEY       │
  └────────────────────┴────────────────────┴────────────────────┘

 To combine these constants, you must use the bitwise OR (|) operator. 

 Example 

 This example creates an accelerator table whose accelerator-table identifier 
 is 1.  The table contains two accelerators:  Ctrl+S and Ctrl+G.  These 
 accelerators generate WM_COMMAND messages with values of 101 and 102, 
 respectively, when the user presses the corresponding keys. 

    ACCELTABLE 1
    BEGIN
        "S", 101, CONTROL
        "G", 102, CONTROL
    END


═══ 2.5.2. ASSOCTABLE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  ASSOCTABLE assoctable-id [load-option][mem-option] [code-page]
  BEGIN
  association-name, file-match-string[, extended-attribute-flag]
     [, icon-filename]
    .
    .
    .
  END

Description 

The ASSOCTABLE statement defines a file-association table for an application. 
This table associates the data files that an application creates with the 
executable file of the application.  When the user selects one of these data 
files from File Manager, the associated application begins executing. 

A file-association table can also associate icons with the data files that an 
application creates.  The shell uses these icons to identify the data files 
graphically.  Because a file-association table associates icons by file type, 
all data files having the same file type have the same icon. 

You can provide any number of ASSOCTABLE statements in a resource script file, 
but each statement must specify a unique assoctable-id value.  The 
file-association tables are written not only to the resources within your 
executable file, but also to the .ASSOC extended attribute.  However, only the 
last file-association table specified in the resource script file is actually 
written to the extended attribute. 

 assoctable-id     Specifies the association-table identifier. This value must 
                   be an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, or a 
                   simple expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges. 
                   Character strings cannot be used as resource identifiers for 
                   this statement. 
 load-option       Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                   executable file into memory.  This value must be one of the 
                   following: 
                   PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                       application starts. 
                   LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                       application calls the DosGetResource or 
                                       DosGetResource2 function.  This is the 
                                       default option. 
 mem-option        Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is in 
                   memory.  This value must be one of the following: 
                   FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                       memory location. 
                   MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary 
                                       to compact memory.  This is the default 
                                       option. 
                   DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                       longer needed. 
 code-page         Specifies a code page value.  For a list of valid code pages 
                   see CODEPAGE Statement. 
 association-name  Specifies the name of the file type the application 
                   recognizes.  This field must contain zero or more characters 
                   enclosed in double quotation marks. 

                   Character values must be in the range 1 through 255.  If a 
                   double quotation mark is required in the name, you must 
                   include the double quotation mark twice. 
 file-match-string Specifies the file-matching string of a particular type of 
                   data file that the application creates. This field must 
                   contain zero or more characters enclosed in double quotation 
                   marks. You can only use characters that are valid in OS/2 
                   file names and extensions and the OS/2 wildcard characters 
                   question mark (?) and asterisk (*). 
 extended-attribute-flag Specifies the extended-attribute options. This value 
                   can be a combination of the following: 
                   EAF_DEFAULTOWNER           Specifies that the application 
                                              containing the file-association 
                                              table starts when the user 
                                              selects any file matching the 
                                              file-match-string field from File 
                                              Manager. 
                   EAF_REUSEICON              Specifies that the icon defined 
                                              in the previous entry of the 
                                              file-association table is used as 
                                              the icon for the current 
                                              data-file type. 
                   EAF_UNCHANGEABLE           Specifies that the entry should 
                                              not be edited. 
 icon-filename     Specifies the name of the file containing an icon. File 
                   Manager uses this icon to represent all application-created 
                   data files matching the file-match-string field.  The file 
                   must be in the current directory. 


═══ 2.5.3. AUTOCHECKBOX Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  AUTOCHECKBOX text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The AUTOCHECKBOX statement creates an automatic-check-box control. The control 
is a small rectangle (check box) that contains an X when the user selects it. 
The specified text is displayed to the right of the check box.  An X appears in 
the square when the user first selects the control and disappears the next time 
the user selects it.  The AUTOCHECKBOX statement, which you can use only in a 
DIALOG or WINDOW statement, defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and 
attributes of a control window.  The predefined class for this control is 
WC_BUTTON. If you do not specify the style, the default style is 
BS_AUTOCHECKBOX and WS_TABSTOP. 

 text    Specifies text that is displayed to the right of the control.  This 
         field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in double 
         quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. 
         If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you must include 
         the double quotation mark twice.  A tilde ( ~ ) character in the text 
         indicates that the following character is used as a mnemonic character 
         for the control.  When the control is displayed, the tilde is not 
         shown, but the mnemonic character is underlined.  The user can choose 
         the control by pressing the key corresponding to the underlined 
         mnemonic character. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_BUTTON. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates an automatic-check-box control that is labeled "Italic." 

    AUTOCHECKBOX "Italic", 101, 10, 10, 100, 100


═══ 2.5.4. AUTORADIOBUTTON Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  AUTORADIOBUTTON text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The AUTORADIOBUTTON statement creates an automatic-radio-button control.  This 
control is a small circle with the given text displayed to its right.  The 
control highlights the circle and sends a message to its parent window when the 
user selects the button.  The control also removes the selection from any other 
automatic-radio-button controls in the same group.  When the user selects the 
button again, the control removes the highlight before sending a message.  The 
AUTORADIOBUTTON statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW 
statement, defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of a 
control window.  The predefined class for this control is WC_BUTTON.  If you do 
not specify a style, the default style is BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON. 

 text    Specifies text that is displayed to the right of the control.  This 
         field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in double 
         quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. 
         If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you must include 
         the double quotation mark twice.  A tilde ( ~ ) character in the text 
         indicates that the following character is used as a mnemonic character 
         for the control.  When the control is displayed, the tilde is not 
         shown, but the mnemonic character is underlined. The user can choose 
         the control by pressing the key corresponding to the underlined 
         mnemonic character. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_BUTTON. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates an automatic-radio-button control that is labeled 
 "Italic." 

    AUTORADIOBUTTON "Italic", 101, 10, 10, 24, 50


═══ 2.5.5. BITMAP Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  BITMAP bitmap-id [load-option] [mem-option] [codepage] filename

The BITMAP statement defines a bit map resource for an application.  A bit map 
resource, typically created using the Icon Editor, is a custom bit map that an 
application uses in its display or as an item in a menu.  The BITMAP statement 
copies the bit-map resource from the file specified in the filename field and 
adds it to the application's other resources.  A bit-map resource can be loaded 
from the executable file when needed by using the GpiLoadBitmap function. 

You can provide any number of BITMAP statements in a resource script file, but 
each statement must specify a unique bitmap-id value. 

 bitmap-id         Specifies the bit-map-resource identifier. This value must 
                   be an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, a 
                   simple expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges, 
                   or a character string. 
 load-option       Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                   executable file into memory.  This value must be one of the 
                   following: 
                   PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                       application starts. 
                   LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                       application calls the GpiLoadBitmap 
                                       function.  This is the default option. 
 mem-option        Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is in 
                   memory.  This value must be one of the following: 
                   FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                       memory location. 
                   MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary 
                                       to compact memory.  This is the default 
                                       option. 
                   DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                       longer needed. 
 codepage          Specifies a code page value. For a list of valid code pages 
                   see CODEPAGE Statement. 
 filename          Specifies the name of the file containing the icon resource. 
                   If the file is not in the current directory, filename must 
                   be preceded by a full path. 

 Example 

 This example defines a bit map whose bit-map identifier is 12. The bit-map 
 resource is copied from the file CUSTOM.BMP. 

    BITMAP 12 custom.bmp


═══ 2.5.6. CHECKBOX Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  CHECKBOX text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The CHECKBOX statement creates a check-box control.  The control is a small 
rectangle (check box) that has the specified text displayed to the right.  The 
control highlights the rectangle and sends a message to its parent window when 
the user selects the control.  The CHECKBOX statement, which you can use only 
in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and 
attributes of a control window.  The predefined class for this control is 
WC_BUTTON.  If you do not specify a style, the default style is BS_CHECKBOX and 
WS_TABSTOP. 

 text    Specifies text that is displayed to the right of the control.  This 
         field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in double 
         quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. 
         If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you must include 
         the double quotation mark twice.  A tilde ( ~ ) character in the text 
         indicates that the following character is used as a mnemonic character 
         for the control.  When the control is displayed, the tilde is not 
         shown, but the mnemonic character is underlined.  The user can choose 
         the control by pressing the key corresponding to the underlined 
         mnemonic character. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_BUTTON. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a check-box control that is labeled "Italic." 

    CHECKBOX "Italic", 101, 10, 10, 100, 100


═══ 2.5.7. CODEPAGE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  CODEPAGE codepage-id

The CODEPAGE statement sets the code page for all subsequent resources.  The 
code page specifies the character set used for characters in the resource. 

If the CODEPAGE statement is not given in a resource script file, RC uses the 
code page set up for the individual system.  If more than one CODEPAGE 
statement is given in the file, each CODEPAGE statement applies to the resource 
statements between it and the next CODEPAGE statement. 

 codepage-id       Identifies the code page to be used for subsequent 
                   resources. For a complete list of supported code pages, 
                   refer to the "COUNTRYCODE" section of the Control Program 
                   Programming Guide and Reference. 

 Comments 

 You may also specify a code page by placing a code-page identifier in the 
 load-options or memory-options field of any RC statement that uses those 
 fields. 

 Example 

 In this example, the code page for the character-string resources is set to 
 Portuguese (860). 

    CODEPAGE 860

    STRINGTABLE
    BEGIN
        1 "Filename not found"
        2 "Cannot open file for reading"
    END


═══ 2.5.8. COMBOBOX Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  COMBOBOX text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The COMBOBOX statement creates a combination-box control.  This control 
combines a list-box control with an entry-field control.  It allows the user to 
place the selected item from a list box into an entry field. 

The COMBOBOX statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, 
defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of a control window. 
The predefined class for this control is WC_COMBOBOX. If you do not specify a 
style, the default style is CBS_SIMPLE, WS_GROUP, WS_TABSTOP, and WS_VISIBLE. 

 text    Specifies text that is displayed in the entry field of the control. 
         This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in double 
         quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. 
         If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you must include 
         the double quotation mark twice. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_COMBOBOX. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a combination-box control. 

    COMBOBOX "", 101, 10, 10, 24, 50


═══ 2.5.9. CONTAINER Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  CONTAINER  id, x, y, width, height [,style]

The CONTAINER statement creates a container control within a dialog window. 
The container control is a visual component that holds objects.  The CONTAINER 
statement defines the identifier, position, dimensions, and attributes of a 
container control. The predefined class for this control is WC_CONTAINER.  If 
you do not specify a style, the default style is WS_TABSTOP, WS_VISIBLE, and 
CCS_SINGLESEL. 

 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value is a signed integer 
         -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 
         65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in these 
         ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window containing the container 
         control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window containing the container 
         control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value is any integer 0 
         through 65535, or an expression consisting of integers and the 
         addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The width is in n-character 
         units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value is any integer 0 
         through 65535, or an expression consisting of integers and the 
         addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_CONTAINER. Use the bitwise OR (|) operator to 
         combine styles. 

 Comments 

 A CONTAINER statement is only used in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a container control at position (30,30) within the dialog 
 window.  The container has a width of 70 character units and a height of 25 
 character units.  Its resource identifier is 301.  The default style 
 CCS_SINGLESEL has been overridden by the style specification CCS_MULTIPLESEL. 
 The default styles WS_TABSTOP and WS_GROUP are both in effect, though only the 
 latter is specified. 

  #define IDC_CONTAINER    301
  #define IDD_CONTAINERDLG 504
  DIALOG "Container", IDD_CONTAINERDLG, 23, 6, 120, 280, FS_NOBYTEALIGN |
          WS_VISIBLE, FCF_SYSMENU | FCF_TITLEBAR
    BEGIN
       CONTAINER   IDC_CONTAINER, 30, 30, 70, 200, CCS_MULTIPLESEL |
                         WS_GROUP
    END


═══ 2.5.10. CONTROL Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  CONTROL text, id, x, y, width, height, class[, style]
          [data-definitions]
  [ BEGIN
  control-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END ]

The CONTROL statement defines a control as belonging to the specified class. 
The statement defines the position and dimensions of the control within the 
parent window, as well as the control style.  The CONTROL statement is most 
often used in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement. 

Typically, several CONTROL statements are used in each DIALOG statement, and 
each CONTROL statement must have a unique identifier value. The optional BEGIN 
and END statements enclose any CONTROL statements that may be given with the 
control.  CONTROL statements given in this manner represent child windows 
belonging to the control created by the CONTROL statement. 

 text    Specifies text that is displayed to the right of the control.  This 
         field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in double 
         quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. 
         If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you must include 
         the double quotation mark twice.  In the appropriate styles, a tilde ( 
         ~ ) character in the text indicates that the following character is 
         used as a mnemonic character for the control.  When the control is 
         displayed, the tilde is not shown, but the mnemonic character is 
         underlined.  The user can choose the control by pressing the key 
         corresponding to the underlined mnemonic character. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the parent window. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the parent window. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The value is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The value is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 class   Specifies the control class.  This value can be one of the control 
         classes specified in the "Control Classes" table, in the Presentation 
         Manager Programming Reference, or the name of the control class, 
         enclosed in double quotation marks. 
 style   Specifies the control style.  This value can be a combination of 
         control styles. You can use the bitwise OR (|) operator to combine 
         styles. 
 data-definitions Specifies a CTLDATA and/or PRESPARAMS statement. These 
         statements define control and presentation data for the control. For 
         more information, see CTLDATA Statement and PRESPARAMS Statement. 
 control-definition Specifies a CONTROL statement or any one of several 
         predefined control statements. These statements define the style, 
         position, and dimensions of controls in the control. 

 Comments 

 The CONTROL statement can actually contain any combination of CONTROL, DIALOG, 
 and WINDOW statements.  But typically, a CONTROL statement contains no such 
 statements. 

 Example 

 This example creates a pushbutton control with the WS_TABSTOP and WS_VISIBLE 
 styles. 

    CONTROL "OK", 101, 10, 10, 20, 50, WC_BUTTON, BS_PUSHBUTTON |
                                                  WS_TABSTOP    |
                                                  WS_VISIBLE


═══ 2.5.11. CTEXT Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  CTEXT text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The CTEXT statement creates a centered-text control.  The control is a simple 
rectangle displaying the given text centered in the rectangle.  The text is 
formatted before it is displayed.  Words that would extend past the end of a 
line are automatically wrapped to the beginning of the next line.  The CTEXT 
statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, defines the 
text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of the control.  The predefined 
class for this control is WC_STATIC.  If you do not specify a style, the 
default style is SS_TEXT, DT_CENTER, and WS_GROUP. 

 text    Specifies text that is centered in the rectangular area of the 
         control.  This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in 
         double quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 
         through 255.  If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you 
         must include the double quotation mark twice. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_STATIC. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a centered-text control that is labeled "Filename." 

    CTEXT "Filename", 101, 10, 10, 100, 100


═══ 2.5.12. CTLDATA Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  CTLDATA word-value[, word-value][...]

  CTLDATA string

  CTLDATA MENU
  BEGIN
  menuitem-definition
     .
     .
     .
  END

The CTLDATA statement defines control data for a custom dialog box, window, or 
control.  The statement has three basic forms to permit specifying a menu or 
specifying data in words or characters.  The data can be in any format, since 
only your window procedure will use it. The window procedure of the dialog box, 
window, or control receives this data when the item is created.  It is up to 
the window procedure to process the data. 

 word-value     Specifies a 16-bit value. This value must be a signed integer 
                in the range -32768 through 32767 or an expression that 
                evaluates in that range. 
 string         Specifies a string of 8-bit characters.  This field must 
                contain zero or more characters enclosed in double quotation 
                marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. 
                If a double quotation mark is required in the string, you must 
                include the double quotation mark twice. 
 menuitem-definition Specifies a MENUITEM or SUBMENU statement.  These 
                statements define the individual commands or submenus in the 
                given menu. For details about these statements, see MENUITEM 
                Statement and SUBMENU Statement. 

 Comments 

 CTLDATA is often used to supply data that controls the subsequent operation of 
 the custom window.  For example, the CTLDATA statement may contain extended 
 style bits - that is, style bits designed specifically for your customized 
 window. 

 You should reserve the CTLDATA statement for window classes that you create 
 yourself. 

 Example 

 This example creates a menu for the window created with the WINDOW statement. 

    WINDOWTEMPLATE 1
    BEGIN
        WINDOW "Sample", 1, 0, 0, 100, 100, "MYCLASS", 0, FCF_STANDARD
        CTLDATA MENU
        BEGIN
            MENUITEM "Exit", 101
        END
    END


═══ 2.5.13. DEFAULTICON Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  DEFAULTICON filename.ico

This statement installs the named icon file definition under the ICON Extended 
Attribute of the program file.  An icon with an icon-id of 1 is the default 
unless you supply a different icon. 

Example 

  DEFAULTICON myicon.ico


═══ 2.5.14. define Directive ═══

Syntax: 

  define name value

The define directive assigns the given value to the specified name. All 
subsequent occurrences of the name are replaced by the value. 

 name    Specifies the name to be defined. This name can be any combination of 
         letters, digits, or underscore characters which does not begin with a 
         digit. 
 value   Specifies any integer, character string, or line of text. This value 
         can contain another defined name, which creates a level of nested 
         defines.  You are limited to 64 levels of nested defines. 

 Example 

 This example assigns values to the names "NONZERO" and "USERCLASS". 

    #define     NONZERO     1
    #define     USERCLASS   "MyControlClass"


═══ 2.5.15. DEFPUSHBUTTON Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  DEFPUSHBUTTON text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The DEFPUSHBUTTON statement creates a default pushbutton control. The control 
is a round-cornered rectangle containing the given text. The rectangle has a 
bold outline to represent that it is the default response for the user.  The 
control sends a message to its parent window when the user chooses the control. 
The DEFPUSHBUTTON statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW 
statement, defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of the 
control.  The predefined class for this control is WC_BUTTON.  If you do not 
specify a style, the default style is BS_PUSHBUTTON, BS_DEFAULT, and 
WS_TABSTOP. 

 text    Specifies text that is centered in the rectangular area of the 
         control.  This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in 
         double quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 
         through 255.  If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you 
         must include the double quotation mark twice.  A tilde ( ~ ) character 
         in the text indicates that the following character is used as a 
         mnemonic character for the control.  When the control is displayed, 
         the tilde is not shown, but the mnemonic character is underlined. The 
         user can choose the control by pressing the key corresponding to the 
         underlined mnemonic character. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_BUTTON. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a default pushbutton control that is labeled "Cancel." 

  DEFPUSHBUTTON "Cancel", 101, 10, 10, 24, 50


═══ 2.5.16. DIALOG Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  DIALOG text, id, x, y, width, height[, style[, framectl]]
         [data-definitions]
  BEGIN
  control-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END

The DIALOG statement defines a window that an application can use to create 
dialog boxes.  The statement defines the position and dimensions of the dialog 
box on the screen, as well as the dialog-box style.  The DIALOG statement is 
most often used in a DLGTEMPLATE statement. 

Typically, you use only one DIALOG statement in each DLGTEMPLATE statement, and 
the DIALOG statement contains at least one control definition. 

 text        Specifies the dialog-box title if the style specifies a title bar. 
             This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in double 
             quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 
             255.  If a double quotation mark is required in the title, you 
             must include the double quotation mark twice. 
 id          Specifies the dialog-box identifier. This value must be a signed 
             integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in 
             the range of 1 through 65535, or a simple expression that 
             evaluates to a value in these ranges. 
 x           Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the dialog 
             box.  This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 
             through 32767 or an expression consisting of integers and the 
             addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The value is in dialog 
             units, but its exact meaning depends on the dialog style.  See the 
             "Comments" section for details. 
 y           Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the dialog 
             box.  This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 
             through 32767 or an expression consisting of integers and the 
             addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The value is in dialog 
             units, but its exact meaning depends on the dialog style.  See the 
             "Comments" section for details. 
 width       Specifies the width of the dialog box.  This value must be an 
             integer in the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting 
             of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The 
             value is in n-character units. 
 height      Specifies the height of the dialog box.  This value must be an 
             integer in the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting 
             of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The 
             value is in 1/8-character units. 
 style       Specifies the dialog-box style.  This value can be any of the 
             window, dialog-box, or frame styles. You can use the bitwise OR 
             (|) operator to combine styles. 
 framectl    Specifies the styles for frame controls belonging to the dialog 
             box.  This value can be any of the frame-control styles specified 
             in the "Frame-Control Flags" table in the Presentation Manager 
             Programming Reference. You can use the bitwise OR (|) operator to 
             combine styles. 
 data-definitions Specifies a CTLDATA and/or PRESPARAMS statement. These 
             statements define control and presentation data for the dialog 
             box.  For more information, see CTLDATA Statement and PRESPARAMS 
             Statement. 
 control-definition Specifies a CONTROL statement or any one of several 
             predefined control statements.  These statements define the style, 
             position, and dimensions of controls in the dialog box. 

 Comments 

 The exact meaning of the coordinates depends on the style defined by the style 
 field.  For dialog boxes with FS_SCREENALIGN style, the coordinates are 
 relative to the origin of the display screen.  For dialog boxes with the style 
 FS_MOUSEALIGN, the coordinates are relative to the position of the mouse 
 pointer at the time the dialog box is created.  For all other dialog boxes, 
 the coordinates are relative to the origin of the parent window. 

 The DIALOG statement can actually contain any combination of CONTROL, DIALOG, 
 and WINDOW statements.  Typically, a DIALOG statement contains one or more 
 CONTROL statements. 

 Example 

 This example creates a dialog box that is labeled "Disk Error." 

  DLGTEMPLATE 1
  BEGIN
      DIALOG  "Disk Error", 100, 10, 10, 300, 110
      BEGIN
          CTEXT "Select One:", 1, 10, 80, 280, 12
          RADIOBUTTON "Retry", 2, 75, 50, 60, 12
          RADIOBUTTON "Abort", 3, 75, 30, 60, 12
          RADIOBUTTON "Ignore", 4, 75, 10, 60, 12
      END
  END


═══ 2.5.17. DLGINCLUDE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  DLGINCLUDE id filename

The DLGINCLUDE statement adds the specified file to the resource file.  The 
DLGINCLUDE statement is typically used to let the application access the 
definitions file for the dialog box with the corresponding identifier.  The 
file named by filename must contain the define directives used by the dialog 
box. 

You can provide any number of DLGINCLUDE statements in a resource script file, 
but each must have a unique identifier. 

 id          Specifies the dialog-box identifier. This value must be a signed 
             integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in 
             the range of 1 through 65535, a simple expression that evaluates 
             to a value in these ranges, or a character string. 
 filename    Specifies the name of the file containing the define directives. 
             If the file is not in the current directory, filename must be 
             preceded by a full path. 

 Example 

 This example includes the name of the definition file dlgdef.h. The dialog-box 
 identifier is 5. 

  DLGINCLUDE 5 \\INCLUDE\\DLGREF.H


═══ 2.5.18. DLGTEMPLATE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  DLGTEMPLATE dialog-id  [load-option] [mem-option] [codepage]
  BEGIN
  dialog-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END

The DLGTEMPLATE statement creates a dialog-box template.  A dialog-box template 
consists of a series of statements that define the identifier, load and memory 
options, dialog-box dimensions, and controls in the dialog box.  The dialog-box 
template can be loaded from the executable file by using the WinLoadDlg 
function. 

You can provide any number of dialog-box templates in a resource script file, 
but each template must have a unique dialog-id value. 

 dialog-id         Specifies the dialog-box identifier. This value must be an 
                   unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, a simple 
                   expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges, or a 
                   character string. 
 load-option       Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                   executable file into memory.  This value must be one of the 
                   following: 
                   PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                       application starts. 
                   LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                       application calls the WinLoadDlg 
                                       function.  This is the default option. 
 mem-option        Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is in 
                   memory.  This value must be one or more of the following: 
                   FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                       memory location. 
                   MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary 
                                       to compact memory. 
                   DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                       longer needed. The default setting is 
                   MOVEABLE and DISCARDABLE. 
 codepage          Specifies a code-page value.  For a list of valid code pages 
                   see CODEPAGE Statement. 
 dialog-definition Specifies a DIALOG statement. The statement defines the 
                   dimensions and style of the given dialog box. For details 
                   about the statement, see DIALOG Statement. 

 Comments 

 A DLGTEMPLATE statement can actually contain DIALOG, CONTROL, and WINDOW 
 statements.  Typically, you include only one DIALOG statement. 

 Example 

 This example uses a DLGTEMPLATE statement to create a dialog box. 

  DLGTEMPLATE ID_GETTIMER
  BEGIN
      DIALOG "Timer", 1, 10, 10, 100, 40
      BEGIN
          LTEXT "Time (0 - 15):", 4, 8, 24, 72, 12
          ENTRYFIELD "0", ID_TIME, 80, 28, 16, 8, ES_MARGIN
          DEFPUSHBUTTON "Enter", ID_TIMEOK, 10, 6, 36, 12
          PUSHBUTTON "Cancel", ID_TIMECANCEL, 52, 6, 40, 12
      END
  END


═══ 2.5.19. EDITTEXT Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  EDITTEXT text, id, x, y, width, height [,style]

The EDITTEXT statement creates an entry-field control.  This control is a 
rectangle in which the user can type and edit text. The control displays a 
pointer when the user selects the control.  The user can then use the keyboard 
to enter text or edit the existing text.  Editing keys include the BACKSPACE 
and DELETE keys.  By using the mouse or the DIRECTION keys, the user can select 
the character or characters to delete or select the place to insert new 
characters. 

The EDITTEXT statement defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes 
of a control window.  The predefined class for this control is WC_ENTRYFIELD. 
If you do not specify a style, the default style is ES_AUTOSCROLL and 
WS_TABSTOP. 

 text    Specifies text that is displayed in the rectangular area of the 
         control.  This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in 
         double quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 
         through 255.  If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you 
         must include the double quotation mark twice. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value is a signed integer 
         -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 
         65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in these 
         ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767, or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767, or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value is any integer 0 
         through 65535, or an expression consisting of integers and the 
         addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The width is in n-character 
         units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value is any integer 0 
         through 65535, or an expression consisting of integers and the 
         addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_ENTRYFIELD.  You can use the bitwise OR ( | ) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Comments 

 The EDITTEXT control statement is identical to the ENTRYFIELD control 
 statement. 

 Use the EDITTEXT statement only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates an entry-field control that is not labeled. 

     EDITTEXT "", 101, 10, 10, 24, 50


═══ 2.5.20. elif Directive ═══

Syntax: 

  elif constant-expression

The elif directive marks an optional clause of a conditional-compilation block 
defined by a ifdef, ifndef, or if directive.  The directive controls 
conditional compilation of the resource file by checking the specified constant 
expression.  If the constant expression is nonzero, elif directs the compiler 
to continue processing statements up to the next endif, else, or elif directive 
and then skip to the statement after endif.  If the constant expression is 
zero, elif directs the compiler to skip to the next endif, else, or elif 
directive.  You can use any number of elif directives in a conditional block. 

 constant-expression   Specifies the expression to be checked.  This value is a 
                       defined name, an integer constant, or an expression 
                       consisting of names, integers, and arithmetic and 
                       relational operators. 

 Example 

 In this example, elif directs the compiler to process the second BITMAP 
 statement only if the value assigned to the name "Version" is less than 7. 
 The elif directive itself is processed only if Version is greater than or 
 equal to 3. 

  #if Version < 3
  BITMAP 1 errbox.bmp
  #elif Version < 7
  BITMAP 1 userbox.bmp
  #endif


═══ 2.5.21. else Directive ═══

Syntax: 

  else

The else directive marks an optional clause of a conditional-compilation block 
defined by a ifdef, ifndef, or if directive.  The else directive must be the 
last directive before the endif directive. 

This directive has no arguments. 

Example 

This example compiles the second BITMAP statement only if the name "DEBUG" is 
not defined. 

    #ifdef DEBUG
        BITMAP 1 errbox.bmp
    #else
        BITMAP 1 userbox.bmp
    #endif


═══ 2.5.22. endif Directive ═══

Syntax: 

  endif

The endif directive marks the end of a conditional-compilation block defined by 
a ifdef directive.  One endif is required for each if, ifdef, or ifndef 
directive. 

This directive has no arguments. 


═══ 2.5.23. ENTRYFIELD Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  ENTRYFIELD text, id, x, y, width, height , [style]

The ENTRYFIELD statement creates an entry-field control.  This control is a 
rectangle in which the user can type and edit text.  The control displays a 
pointer when the user selects the control.  The user can then use the keyboard 
to enter text or edit the existing text. Editing keys include the BACKSPACE and 
DELETE keys.  By using the mouse or the DIRECTION keys, the user can select the 
character or characters to delete or select the place to insert new characters. 
The ENTRYFIELD statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW 
statement, defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of a 
control window.  The predefined class for this control is WC_ENTRYFIELD.  If 
you do not specify a style, the default style is ES_AUTOSCROLL and WS_TABSTOP. 

 text    Specifies text that is displayed in the rectangular area of the 
         control.  This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in 
         double quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 
         through 255.  If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you 
         must include the double quotation mark twice. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier. This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_ENTRYFIELD. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates an entry-field control that is not labeled. 

  ENTRYFIELD "", 101, 10, 10, 24, 50


═══ 2.5.24. FONT Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  FONT font-id  [load-option] [mem-option] [codepage]  filename

The FONT statement defines a font resource for an application. A font resource, 
typically created by using the OS/2 Font Editor, is a bit map defining the 
shape of the individual characters in a character set.  The FONT statement 
copies the font resource from the file specified in the filename field and adds 
it to the other resources of the application.  A font resource can be loaded 
from the executable file when needed by using the GpiLoadFonts function. 

You can provide any number of FONT statements in a resource script file, but 
each statement must specify a unique font-id value. 

 font-id           Specifies the font-resource identifier. This value must be 
                   an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, or a 
                   simple expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges. 
                   Character strings cannot be used as resource identifiers for 
                   this statement. 
 load-option       Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                   executable file into memory.  This value must be one of the 
                   following: 
                   PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                       application starts. 
                   LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                       application calls the GpiLoadFonts 
                                       function.  This is the default option. 
 mem-option        Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is i 
                   memory.  This value must be one or more of the following: 
                   FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                       memory location. 
                   MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary 
                                       to compact memory. 
                   DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                       longer needed. The default setting is 
                   MOVEABLE and DISCARDABLE. 
 codepage          Specifies a code page value.  For a list of valid code pages 
                   see CODEPAGE Statement. 
 filename          Specifies the name of the file containing the font resource. 
                   If the file is not in the current directory, filename must 
                   be preceded by a full path. 

 Example 

 This example defines a font whose font identifier is 5. The font resource is 
 copied from the file cmroman.fon. 

  FONT 5 cmroman.fon


═══ 2.5.25. FRAME Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  FRAME text, id, x, y, width, height[, style[, framectl]]
        data-definitions
  [ BEGIN
  window-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END ]

The FRAME statement defines a frame window.  The statement defines the title, 
identifier, position, and dimensions of the frame window, as well as the window 
style.  The FRAME statement is most often used in a WINDOWTEMPLATE statement, 
and typically, only one FRAME statement is used.  The FRAME statement, in turn, 
typically contains at least one WINDOW statement that defines the client window 
belonging to the frame window. 

The frame window has no default style.  You must use the framectl field to 
define additional frame controls, such as a title bar and system menu, to be 
created when the frame window is created.  If the text field is not empty, the 
statement automatically adds a title-bar control to the frame window, whether 
or not you specify the FCF_TITLEBAR style.  Frame controls are given default 
styles and control identifiers depending on their class.  For example, a 
title-bar control receives the identifier FID_TITLEBAR. 

 text        Specifies the title of the frame window.  This field must contain 
             zero or more characters enclosed in double quotation marks. 
             Character values must be in the range 1 through 255.  If a double 
             quotation mark is required in the name, you must include the 
             double quotation mark twice. 
 id          Specifies the window identifier.  This value must be a signed 
             integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in 
             the range of 1 through 65535, or a simple expression that 
             evaluates to a value in these ranges. 
 x           Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the window. 
             This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 
             32767 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) 
             or subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in 
             dialog units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, 
             window, or control containing the specified window. 
 y           Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the window. 
             This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 
             32767 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) 
             or subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in 
             dialog units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, 
             window, or control containing the specified window. 
 width       Specifies the width of the window.  This value must be an integer 
             in the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of 
             integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The 
             width is in n-character units. 
 height      Specifies the height of the window.  This value must be a integer 
             in the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of 
             integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The 
             height is in 1/8-character units. 
 style       Specifies the frame and window styles.  This value can be a 
             combination of frame styles. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
             operator to combine styles. 
 framectl    Specifies the styles of frame controls belonging to the frame 
             window.  This value can be a combination of the styles specified 
             in the "Frame-Control Styles" table in the Presentation Manager 
             Programmers Reference. You can use the bitwise OR (|) operator to 
             combine styles. 
 data-definitions Specifies a CTLDATA and/or PRESPARAMS statement.  These 
             statements define control and presentation data for the frame 
             window.  For more information, see CTLDATA Statement and 
             PRESPARAMS Statement. 
 window-definition Specifies a WINDOW statement or any one of several 
             predefined control statements.  These statements define the style, 
             position, and dimensions of windows or controls in the frame 
             window. 

 Comments 

 The FRAME statement can actually contain any combination of CONTROL, DIALOG, 
 and WINDOW statements.  Typically, a FRAME statement contains one WINDOW 
 statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a standard frame window, with a title bar, a system menu, 
 minimize and maximize boxes, and a vertical scroll bar. The FRAME statement 
 contains a WINDOW statement defining the client window belonging to the frame 
 window. 

  WINDOWTEMPLATE 1
  BEGIN
      FRAME "My Window", 1, 10, 10, 320, 130, 0,
              FCF_STANDARD | FCF_VERTSCROLL
      BEGIN
          WINDOW "", FID_CLIENT, 0, 0, 0, 0, "MyClientClass"
      END
  END


═══ 2.5.26. GROUPBOX Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  GROUPBOX text, id, x, y, width, height [, style]

The GROUPBOX statement creates a group-box control.  The control is a rectangle 
that groups other controls together.  The controls are grouped by drawing a 
border around them and displaying the given text in the upper-left corner.  The 
GROUPBOX statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, 
defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of a control window. 
The predefined class for this control is WC_STATIC.  If you do not specify a 
style, the default style is SS_GROUPBOX and WS_TABSTOP. 

 text    Specifies text that appears in the upper-left corner of the control. 
         This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in double 
         quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. 
         If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you must include 
         the double quotation mark twice. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier.  This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_STATIC. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a group-box control that is labeled "Options." 

  GROUPBOX "Options", 101, 10, 10, 100, 100


═══ 2.5.27. HELPITEM Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  HELPITEM application-window-id, help-subtable-id, extended-helppanel-id

The HELPITEM statement defines the help items in a help table.  The statement, 
permitted only in a HELPTABLE statement, specifies the resource identifier of 
an application window for which help is provided, and the resource identifiers 
of the help subtable and extended help panel associated with the application 
window. 

You can provide any number of HELPITEM statements in a HELPTABLE statement. 
You should provide one HELPITEM statement for each application window for which 
help is provided. 

 application-window-id     Specifies the resource identifier of an application 
                           window for which help is provided. This value must 
                           be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 
                           32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 
                           65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a 
                           value in these ranges. 

 help-subtable-id          Specifies the resource identifier of the help 
                           subtable associated with the specified application 
                           window. This value must be an unsigned integer in 
                           the range of 1 through 65535, or a simple expression 
                           that evaluates to a value in these ranges. 

 extended-helppanel-id     Specifies the resource identifier of the extended 
                           help panel associated with the specified application 
                           window. This value must be an integer in the range 0 
                           through 65535. However, in IPF a panel-id must be an 
                           integer in the range of 0 to 64000. 

 Example 

 This example defines a help item that associates a help subtable called 
 IDSUB_FILEMENU and an extended help panel called IDEXT_APPHLP with an 
 application window called IDWIN_FILEMENU. 

  HELPITEM IDWIN_FILEMENU, IDSUB_FILEMENU, IDEXT_APPHLP


═══ 2.5.28. HELPSUBITEM Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  HELPSUBITEM child-window-id, helppanel-id [ , integer...]

The HELPSUBITEM statement defines the help subitems in a help subtable.  This 
statement, which is permitted only in a HELPSUBTABLE statement, specifies the 
identifier of a child window for which help is provided, the identifier of the 
help panel associated with the child window, and one or more optional, 
application-defined integers. 

You can provide any number of HELPSUBITEM statements in a HELPSUBTABLE 
statement.  You should provide one HELPSUBITEM statement for each child window 
for which help is provided. 

 child-window-id     Specifies the resource identifier of the child window for 
                     which help is provided. Character strings cannot be used 
                     as resource identifiers for this statement. 
 helppanel-id        Specifies the resource identifier of the help panel 
                     associated with the specified child window. 
 integer             Specifies optional, application-defined integers.  If you 
                     use this field, you must include the SUBITEMSIZE statement 
                     in the help subtable to specify the size, in words, of 
                     each help subitem in the help subtable. For details about 
                     this statement, see SUBITEMSIZE Statement. 

 Example 

 This example defines a help subitem that associates a child window called 
 IDCLD_FILEMENU with a help panel called IDHP_FILEMENU. 

  HELPSUBITEM IDCLD_FILEMENU, IDHP_FILEMENU


═══ 2.5.29. HELPSUBTABLE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  HELPSUBTABLE helpsubtable-id
    SUBITEMSIZE size
  BEGIN
  helpsubitem-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END

The HELPSUBTABLE statement defines the contents of a help-subtable resource.  A 
help-subtable resource contains a help-subitem entry for each item that can be 
selected in an application window.  Each of these items should be a child 
window of the application window specified in the help-table resource.  The 
help subtable should contain a help subitem for each control, child window, and 
menu item in the application window. 

You can provide any number of HELPSUBTABLE statements in a resource script 
file, but each statement must specify a unique helpsubtable-id value.  You can 
also provide any number of helpsubitem-definition statements in the help 
subtable.  These specify the child window for which help is provided, the help 
panel containing the help text for the child window, and one or more 
application-defined integers. 

If you include optional integers in the helpsubitem-definition statements, you 
must also include a SUBITEMSIZE statement to specify the size, in words, of 
each help subitem.  All help subitems in a help subtable must be the same size. 
The default size is two words per help subitem. (No SUBITEMSIZE statement is 
needed if you do not include optional integers in the helpsubitem-definition 
statement.) 

 helpsubtable-id 
      Specifies the resource identifier of the help subtable. This value must 
      be an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, or a simple 
      expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges. Character strings 
      cannot be used as resource identifiers for this statement. 
 helpsubitem-definition 
      Specifies a HELPSUBITEM statement.  A HELPSUBITEM statement specifies a 
      child window, the help panel associated with the child window, and one or 
      more optional, application-defined integers.  For details about this 
      statement, see HELPSUBITEM Statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a help-subtable resource whose help-subtable identifier 
 is IDSUB_FILEMENU.  Each HELPSUBITEM statement specifies a child window and a 
 help panel. 

  HELPSUBTABLE IDSUB_FILEMENU
  BEGIN
      HELPSUBITEM IDCLD_OPEN, IDPNL_OPEN
      HELPSUBITEM IDCLD_SAVE, IDPNL_SAVE
  END


═══ 2.5.30. HELPTABLE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  HELPTABLE helptable-id
  BEGIN
  helpitem-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END

The HELPTABLE statement defines the contents of a help-table resource. A 
help-table resource contains a help-item entry for each application window, 
dialog box, and message box for which help is provided. 

You can provide any number of HELPTABLE statements in a resource script file, 
but each statement must specify a unique helptable-id value.  You can also 
provide any number of helpitem-definition statements in the help table.  These 
specify the application windows for which help is provided, the help subtables 
associated with each application window, and the extended help panels 
associated with each application window. 

 helptable-id          Specifies the resource identifier of the help table. 
                       This value must be an unsigned integer in the range of 1 
                       through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to 
                       a value in these ranges. Character strings cannot be 
                       used as resource identifiers for this statement. 
 helpitem-definition   Specifies a HELPITEM statement. A HELPITEM statement 
                       specifies an application window and the associated help 
                       subtable and extended help panel. For details about this 
                       statement, see HELPITEM Statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a help-table resource whose help-table identifier is 1. 
 Each HELPITEM statement specifies an application window, a help subtable, and 
 an extended help panel. 

  HELPTABLE 1
  BEGIN
      HELPITEM IDWIN_FILEMENU, IDSUB_FILEMENU, IDEXT_APPHLP
      HELPITEM IDWIN_EDITMENU, IDSUB_EDITMENU, IDEXT_APPHLP
  END


═══ 2.5.31. ICON Statement (Resource) ═══

Syntax: 

  ICON icon-id  [load-option] [ mem-option] [codepage] filename

This form of the ICON statement defines an icon resource for an application. 
An icon resource, typically created by using Icon Editor, is a bit map defining 
the shape of the icon to be used for a given application.  The ICON statement 
copies the icon resource from the file specified in the filename field and adds 
it to the application's other resources.  An icon resource can be loaded when 
creating a window by using the WinCreateStdWindow function with the FS_ICON 
style. 

You can provide any number of ICON statements in a resource script file, but 
each statement must specify a unique icon-id value. 

 icon-id           Specifies the icon-resource identifier.  This value must be 
                   an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, a 
                   simple expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges, 
                   or a character string. An icon-id of 1 has a special 
                   meaning; for details, see the "Comment" section. 
 load-option       Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                   executable file into memory.  This value must be one of the 
                   following: 
                   PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                       application starts. 
                   LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                       application calls the WinCreateStdWindow 
                                       function.  This is the default option. 
 mem-option        Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is in 
                   memory.  This value must be one or more of the following: 
                   FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                       memory location. 
                   MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary 
                                       to compact memory. 
                   DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                       longer needed. The default setting is 
                   MOVEABLE and DISCARDABLE. 
 codepage          Specifies a code page value.  For a list of valid code pages 
                   see CODEPAGE Statement. 
 filename          Specifies the name of the file containing the icon resource. 
                   If the file is not in the current directory, filename must 
                   be preceded by a full path. 

 Comments 

 An icon with an icon-id of 1 is the default icon.  The RC program writes the 
 icon not only to the resources in your executable file, but also as the .ICON 
 extended attribute.  File Manager will display this icon next to the name of 
 the executable file. 

 Example 

 This example defines an icon whose icon identifier is 11.  The icon resource 
 is copied from the file custom.ico. 

  ICON 11 custom.ico


═══ 2.5.32. ICON Statement (Control) ═══

Syntax: 

  ICON icon-id, id, x, y, width, height, [style]

This form of the ICON statement creates an icon control.  This control is an 
icon displayed in a dialog box.  The ICON statement, which you can use only in 
a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, defines the icon-resource identifier, 
icon-control identifier, position, and attributes of a control window.  The 
predefined class for this control is WC_STATIC.  If you do not specify a style, 
the default style is SS_ICON.  For the ICON statement, the width and height 
fields are ignored; the icon automatically sizes itself. 

 icon-id   Specifies the resource identifier of an icon that is defined 
           elsewhere in the resource file. 
 id        Specifies the control identifier.  This value must be a signed 
           integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in 
           the range of 1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates 
           to a value in these ranges. 
 x         Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
           This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 
           32767 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) 
           or subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in 
           dialog units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, 
           window, or control containing the specified control. 
 y         Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
           This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 
           32767 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) 
           or subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in 
           dialog units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, 
           window, or control containing the specified control. 
 width     Specifies a reserved value.  Can be set to zero. 
 height    Specifies a reserved value.  Can be set to zero. 
 style     Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of 
           the styles specified for WC_STATIC. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
           operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates an icon control whose icon identifier is 99. 

  ICON 99, 101, 10, 10, 0, 0


═══ 2.5.33. if Directive ═══

Syntax: 

  if constant-expression

The if directive controls conditional compilation of the resource file by 
checking the specified constant expression.  If the constant expression is 
nonzero, if directs the compiler to continue processing statements up to the 
next endif, else, or elif directive and then skip to the statement after the 
endif directive.  If the constant expression is zero, if directs the compiler 
to skip to the next endif, else, or elif directive. 

 constant-expression   Specifies the expression to be checked.  This value is a 
                       defined name, an integer constant, or an expression 
                       consisting of names, integers, and arithmetic and 
                       relational operators. 

 Example 

 This example compiles the BITMAP statement only if the value assigned to the 
 name "Version" is less than 3. 

  #if Version < 3
  BITMAP 1 errbox.bmp
  #endif


═══ 2.5.34. ifdef Directive ═══

Syntax: 

  ifdef name

The ifdef directive controls conditional compilation of the resource file by 
checking the specified name.  If the name has been defined by using a define 
directive or by using the -d command-line option of rc, ifdef directs the 
compiler to continue with the statement immediately after the ifdef directive. 
If the name has not been defined, ifdef directs the compiler to skip all 
statements up to the next endif directive. 

 name    Specifies the name to be checked by the directive. 

 Example 

 This example compiles the BITMAP statement only if the name "Debug" is 
 defined. 

  #ifdef Debug
  BITMAP 1 errbox.bmp
  #endif


═══ 2.5.35. ifndef Directive ═══

Syntax: 

  ifndef name

The ifndef directive controls conditional compilation of the resource file by 
checking the specified name.  If the name has not been defined or if its 
definition has been removed by using the undef directive, ifndef directs the 
compiler to continue processing statements up to the next endif, else, or elif 
directive and then skip to the statement after the endif directive.  If the 
name is defined, ifndef directs the compiler to skip to the next endif, else, 
or elif directive. 

 name    Specifies the name to be checked by the directive. 

 Example 

 This example compiles the BITMAP statement only if the name "Optimize" is not 
 defined. 

  #ifndef Optimize
  BITMAP 1 errbox.bmp
  #endif


═══ 2.5.36. include Directive ═══

Syntax: 

  include filename

The include directive causes RC to process the file specified in the filename 
field.  This file should be a header file that defines the constants used in 
the resource script file.  Only the #define directives in the specified file 
are processed; all other statements are ignored by the Resource Compiler. 

 filename    Specifies the OS/2 name of the file to be included.  This value 
             must be an ASCII string enclosed either in double quotation marks 
             (if the file is in the current directory) or in less-than and 
             greater-than characters (<>) (if the file is in the directory 
             specified by -i command-line options or by the INCLUDE environment 
             variable).  You must give a full path enclosed in double quotation 
             marks if the file is not in the current directory or in the 
             directory specified by -i command-line  options or by the INCLUDE 
             environment variable. 

 Comments 

 The filename field is handled as a C string.  Therefore, you must include two 
 backslashes wherever one is required in the path.  (As an alternative, you can 
 use a single forward slash (/) instead of two backslashes.) 

 Example 

 This example processes the header files OS2.H and HEADERS\MYDEFS.H\I while 
 compiling the resource script file. 

  #include <os2.h>
  #include "headers\\\\mydefs.h"


═══ 2.5.37. LISTBOX Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  LISTBOX id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The LISTBOX statement creates commonly used controls for a dialog box or 
window.  The control is a rectangle containing a list of user-selectable 
strings, such as file names. 

The LISTBOX statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, 
defines the identifier, dimensions, and attributes of a control window.  The 
predefined class for this control is WC_LISTBOX.  If you do not specify a 
style, the default style is WS_TABSTOP. 

 id      Specifies the control identifier.  This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_LISTBOX. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a list-box control whose identifier is 101. 

  LISTBOX 101, 10, 10, 100, 100


═══ 2.5.38. LTEXT Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  LTEXT text, id, x, y, width, height [, style]

The LTEXT statement creates a left-aligned text control.  The control is a 
simple rectangle displaying the given text left-aligned in the rectangle.  The 
text is formatted before it is displayed.  Words that would extend past the end 
of a line are automatically wrapped to the beginning of the next line.  The 
LTEXT statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, 
defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of the control.  The 
predefined class for this control is WC_STATIC.  If you do not specify a style, 
the default style is SS_TEXT, DT_LEFT, and WS_GROUP. 

 text    Specifies text that is left-aligned in the rectangular area of the 
         control.  This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in 
         double quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 
         through 255.  If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you 
         must include the double quotation mark twice. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier.  This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_STATIC. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a left-aligned text control that is labeled "Filename." 

  LTEXT "Filename", 101, 10, 10, 100, 100


═══ 2.5.39. MENU Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  MENU menu-id  [load-option] [mem-option] [codepage]
  BEGIN
  menuitem-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END

The MENU statement defines the contents of a menu resource.  A menu resource is 
a collection of information that defines the appearance and function of an 
application menu.  A menu is a special input tool that lets a user choose 
commands from a list of command names.  A menu resource can be loaded from the 
executable file when needed by using the WinLoadMenu function. 

You can provide any number of MENU statements in a resource script file, but 
each statement must specify a unique menu-id value.  You can provide any number 
of menuitem-definition statements in the menu. These define the submenus and 
menu items (commands) in the menu.  The order of the statements defines the 
order of the menu items. 

 menu-id               Specifies the menu-resource identifier.  This value must 
                       be an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, 
                       a simple expression that evaluates to a value in these 
                       ranges, or a character string. 
 load-option           Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                       executable file into memory.  This value must be one of 
                       the following: 
                       PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                           application starts. 
                       LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                           application calls the WinLoadMenu 
                                           function. This is the default 
                                           option. 
 mem-option            Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is 
                       in memory.  This value must be one or more of the 
                       following: 
                       FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                           memory location. 
                       MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as 
                                           necessary to compact memory. 
                       DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it 
                                           is no longer needed. The default 
                       setting is MOVEABLE and DISCARDABLE. 
 codepage              Specifies a codepage value.  For a list of valid code 
                       pages see CODEPAGE Statement. 
 menuitem-definition   Specifies a PRESPARAMS, MENUITEM, or SUBMENU statement. 
                       You can use one or more PRESPARAMS statements to control 
                       the appearance of a menu, such as the font and the 
                       foreground and background colors.  If used, PRESPARAMS 
                       statements must be the first statements following the 
                       BEGIN keyword.  For details about the PRESPARAMS 
                       statement, see PRESPARAMS Statement. 

                       MENUITEM and SUBMENU statements define the individual 
                       commands or submenus in the given menu.  For details 
                       about these statements, see MENUITEM Statement and 
                       SUBMENU Statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a menu resource whose menu identifier is 1. The menu 
 contains a menu item named Alpha and a submenu named Beta. The submenu 
 contains two menu items, Item 1 and Item 2. 

  MENU 1
  BEGIN
      MENUITEM "Alpha", 100
      SUBMENU "Beta", 101
      BEGIN
          MENUITEM "Item 1", 200
          MENUITEM "Item 2", 201, , MIA_CHECKED
      END
  END


═══ 2.5.40. MENUITEM Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  MENUITEM text, menu-id[,  menuitem-style] [, menuitem-attribute]

The MENUITEM statement creates a menu item for a menu.  The statement, 
permitted only in a MENU or SUBMENU statement, defines the text, identifier, 
and attributes of a menu item.  The system displays the text when it displays 
the corresponding menu.  If the user chooses the menu item, the system 
generates a WM_COMMAND message that includes the specified menu-item identifier 
and sends it to the window owning the menu. 

MENUITEM SEPARATOR 

The alternative form of the MENUITEM statement, MENUITEM SEPARATOR, creates a 
menu separator.  A menu separator is a horizontal dividing bar between two menu 
items in a submenu.  The separator is not active - that is, the user cannot 
choose it, it has no text associated with it, and it has no identifier. 

 text              Specifies the text of the menu item.  This field must 
                   contain zero or more characters enclosed in double quotation 
                   marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. 
                   If a double quotation mark is required in the string, you 
                   must include the double quotation mark twice.  The tilde 
                   character ( ~ ) and the \t and \a character combinations 
                   have special meanings in the string; for details, see the 
                   "Comments" section. 

                   If the menuitem-style field is MIS_BITMAP, item-name must be 
                   a bit-map identifier instead of a name. The bit-map 
                   identifier must have been previously defined using a BITMAP 
                   statement, must be preceded by the \b character, and must be 
                   enclosed in double quotation marks. 

 menu-id           Specifies the menu-item identifier.  This value must be a 
                   signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an 
                   unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, or a 
                   simple expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges. 

                   Duplicate menu-item identifiers are allowed, but menu items 
                   with non-unique identifiers cannot receive messages. 

                   Character strings cannot be used as resource identifiers for 
                   this statement. 

 menuitem-style    Specifies the menu-item style.  This value can be a 
                   combination of the following: 

                   MIS_BITMAP               Specifies that item-name is a bit 
                                            map identifier. 
                   MIS_BREAK                Specifies that the menu has 
                                            multiple columns of items in one 
                                            pull-down menu or multiple lines of 
                                            menus in the top-level menu. 
                   MIS_BREAKSEPARATOR       Specifies that the menu has a 
                                            vertical line between the columns 
                                            in a pull-down menu. 
                   MIS_BUTTONSEPARATOR      Specifies that the user can 
                                            activate the menu item only by 
                                            using the mouse.  The text is 
                                            centered in the item, rather than 
                                            left justified.  This option is 
                                            used for the Help item on the right 
                                            side of the menu bar. 
                   MIS_HELP                 Specifies that the menu item 
                                            generates a WM_HELP message. 
                   MIS_OWNERDRAW            Specifies that the menu item is 
                                            drawn by the owner window. 
                   MIS_SEPARATOR            Specifies that the menu item is a 
                                            menu separator. 
                   MIS_STATIC               Specifies that the user cannot 
                                            choose the menu item. 
                   MIS_SUBMENU              Specifies that the MENUITEM 
                                            statement is to be treated as a 
                                            SUBMENU statement.  When you 
                                            specify this option, you must 
                                            follow the MENUITEM statement with 
                                            a BEGIN and END clause, as in a 
                                            SUBMENU statement.  You may include 
                                            a PRESPARAMS statement immediately 
                                            after the BEGIN keyword. 
                   MIS_SYSCOMMAND           Specifies that the menu item 
                                            generates a WM_SYSCOMMAND message. 
                   MIS_TEXT                 Specifies that item-name is a 
                                            character string.  This is the 
                                            default option. 

 menuitem-attribute Specifies the menu-item attributes.  This value can be a 
                   combination of the following: 

                   MIA_CHECKED              Places a check mark next to the 
                                            menu-item name. 
                   MIA_DISABLED             Disables the menu item, preventing 
                                            the system from generating a 
                                            message when the user chooses the 
                                            command. 
                   MIA_FRAMED               Places a frame (heavy border) 
                                            around the menu item. 
                   MIA_HILITED              Places a highlight on the menu-item 
                                            name when it is displayed, by 
                                            inverting the name and background. 
                   MIA_NODISMISS            Causes a submenu or menu item to 
                                            remain displayed after the user 
                                            chooses an item. 

 Comments 

 You can use the \t or \a character combination in any item name. The \t 
 character inserts a tab when the name is displayed and is typically used to 
 separate the menu-item name from the name of an accelerator key.  The \a 
 character aligns to the right all text that follows it.  These characters are 
 intended to be used for menu items in submenus only.  The width of the 
 displayed submenu is always adjusted so that there is at least one space (and 
 usually more) between any pieces of text separated by a \t or a \a.  (When 
 compiling the menu resource, the compiler stores the \t and \a characters as 
 control characters.  For example, the \t is stored as 0x09.) 

 A tilde ( ~ ) character in the item name indicates that the following 
 character is used as a mnemonic character for the item. When the menu is 
 displayed, the tilde is not shown, but the mnemonic character is underlined. 
 The user can choose the menu item by pressing the key corresponding to the 
 underlined mnemonic character. 

 Example 

 This example creates a menu item named Alpha.  The item identifier is 101. 

  MENUITEM "Alpha", 101

 This example creates a menu item named Beta.  The item identifier is 102. The 
 menu item has a text style and a checked attribute. 

  MENUITEM "Beta", 102, MIS_TEXT, MIA_CHECKED

 This example creates a menu separator between menu items named Gamma and 
 Delta. 

  MENUITEM "Gamma", 103
  MENUITEM SEPARATOR
  MENUITEM "Delta", 104

 This example creates a menu item that has a bit map instead of a name. The 
 bit-map identifier, 1, is first defined using a BITMAP statement. The 
 identifier for the menu item is 301.  Note that a sign must be placed in front 
 of the bit map identifier in the MENUITEM statement. 

  BITMAP 1 mybitmap.bmp

  MENUITEM "#1", 301, MIS_BITMAP


═══ 2.5.41. MESSAGETABLE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  MESSAGETABLE  [load-option] [mem-option] [codepage]
  BEGIN
  string-id string-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END

The MESSAGETABLE statement creates one or more string resources for an 
application.  A string resource is a null-terminated character string that has 
a unique string identifier.  A string resource can be loaded from the 
executable file when needed by using the DosGetResource function with the 
RT_MESSAGE resource type. RT_MESSAGE resources are bundled together in groups 
of 16, with any missing IDs replaced with zero length strings. Each group, or 
bundle, is assigned a unique sequential identifier. The resource string 
identifier is not necessarily the same as the identifier specified when using 
DosGetResource. The formula for calculating the identifier of the resource 
bundle, for use in DosGetResource, is as follows: 

bundle ID = (id / 16) + 1
where id is the string identifier assigned in the RC file. 

Thus, bundle 1 contains strings 0 to 15, bundle 2 contains strings 16 to 31, 
and so on. Once the address of the bundle has been returned by DosGetResource 
(using the calculated identifier), the buffer can be parsed to locate the 
particular string within the bundle. The number of the string is calculated by 
the formula: 

string = id % 16
(string = remainder for id/16). 

The buffer returned consists of the CodePage of the strings in the first 
USHORT, followed by the 16 strings in the bundle. The first BYTE of each string 
is the length of the string (including the null terminator), followed by the 
string and the terminator. A zero length string is represented by two bytes: 
01 (string length) followed by the null terminator. 

You can provide any number of MESSAGETABLE statements in a resource script 
file.  The compiler treats all the strings from the various MESSAGETABLE 
statements as if they belonged to a single statement. This means that no two 
strings in a resource script file can have the same string identifier. 

Although the MESSAGETABLE and STRINGTABLE statements are nearly identical, most 
applications use the STRINGTABLE statement instead of the MESSAGETABLE 
statement to create string resources. 

 load-option    Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                executable file into memory.  This value must be one of the 
                following: 
                PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                    application starts. 
                LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                    application calls the DosGetResource or 
                                    DosGetResource2 function.  This is the 
                                    default option. 
 mem-option     Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is in 
                memory.  This value must be one or more of the following: 
                FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed memory 
                                    location. 
                MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary to 
                                    compact memory. 
                DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                    longer needed. The default setting is 
                MOVEABLE and DISCARDABLE. 
 codepage       Specifies a code page value.  See CODEPAGE Statement for a list 
                of valid code pages. 
 string-id      Specifies the character-string identifier.  This value must be 
                a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned 
                integer in the range of 1 through 65535, or a simple expression 
                that evaluates to a value in these ranges.  The value can be 
                specified in decimal or hexadecimal notation.  Each string 
                identifier in a resource script file must be unique. 
 string-definition Specifies a character string.  This field must contain zero 
                or more characters enclosed in double quotation marks. 
                Character values must be in the range 1 through 255.  If a 
                double quotation mark is required in the string, you must 
                provide the double quotation mark twice. 

 Comments 

 You can continue a string on multiple lines by terminating the line with a 
 backslash (\) or by terminating the line with a double quotation mark (") and 
 then starting the next line with a double quotation mark. 

 Example 

 This example creates two string resources whose string identifiers are 1 and 
 2. 

  MESSAGETABLE
  BEGIN
      1 "Filename not found"
      2 "Cannot open file for reading"
  END


═══ 2.5.42. MLE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  MLE text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The MLE statement creates a multiple-line entry-field control.  The control is 
a rectangle in which the user can type and edit multiple lines of text.  The 
control displays a pointer when the user selects it.  The user can then use the 
keyboard to enter text or edit the existing text.  Editing keys include the 
BACKSPACE and DELETE keys. By using the mouse or the DIRECTION keys, the user 
can select the character or characters to delete or select the place to insert 
new characters.  The MLE statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or 
WINDOW statement, defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of a 
control window.  The predefined class for this control is WC_MLE.  If you do 
not specify a style, the default style is MLS_BORDER, WS_GROUP, and WS_TABSTOP. 

 text    Specifies text that is displayed in the rectangular area of the 
         control.  If the MLS_READONLY style is not specified, the user can 
         edit the text.  This field must contain zero or more characters 
         enclosed in double quotation marks.  Character values must be in the 
         range 1 through 255.  If a double quotation mark is required in the 
         text, you must include the double quotation mark twice. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier.  This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_MLE. You can use the bitwise OR (|) operator 
         to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a multiple-line entry-field control that is not labeled. 

  MLE "", 101, 10, 10, 50, 100


═══ 2.5.43. NOTEBOOK Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  NOTEBOOK   id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The NOTEBOOK statement creates a notebook control within the dialog window. 
This control is used to organize information on individual pages so that it can 
be located and displayed easily. The NOTEBOOK statement defines the identifier, 
position, dimensions, and attributes of a notebook control. The predefined 
class for this control is WC_NOTEBOOK. If you do not specify a style, the 
default style is WS_TABSTOP and WS_VISIBLE. 

 id      Specifies the control identifier.  The value is a signed integer 
         -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 
         65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in these 
         ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         The value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         The value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  The value is any integer 0 
         through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition 
         (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The width is in n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  The value is any integer 0 
         through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and the 
         addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_NOTEBOOK.  You can use the bitwise OR ( | ) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Comments 

 The NOTEBOOK statement is used only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a notebook control at position (20, 20) within the dialog 
 window.  The notebook has a width of 200 character units and a height of 50 
 character units.  Its resource identifier is 201. The tabs style 
 BKS_ROUNDEDTABS specification overrides the notebook default style of square 
 tabs. The default styles WS_TABSTOP and WS_GROUP are both in effect, though 
 only the latter is specified. 

  #define    IDC_NOTEBOOK     201
  #define    IDD_NOTEBOOKDLG  503
  DIALOG "Notebook", IDD_NOTEBOOKDLG, 11, 11, 420, 420, FS_NOBYTEALIGN |
          WS_VISIBLE, FCF_SYSMENU | FCF_TITLEBAR
    BEGIN
      NOTEBOOK   IDC_NOTEBOOK, 20, 20, 200, 400, BKS_ROUNDEDTABS | WS_GROUP
    END


═══ 2.5.44. POINTER Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  POINTER pointer-id  [load-option]  [ mem-option] [codepage] filename

The POINTER statement defines a pointer resource for an application. A pointer 
resource, typically created by using the OS/2 Icon Editor, is a bit map 
defining the shape of the mouse pointer on the screen. The POINTER statement 
copies the pointer resource from the file specified in the filename field and 
adds it to the application's other resources.  A pointer resource can be loaded 
from the executable file when needed by using the WinLoadPointer function. 

You can provide any number of POINTER statements in a resource script file, but 
each statement must specify a unique pointer-id value. 

 pointer-id        Specifies the pointer-resource identifier.  This value must 
                   be an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, a 
                   simple expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges, 
                   or a character string. 
 load-option       Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                   executable file into memory.  This value must be one of the 
                   following: 
                   PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                       application starts. 
                   LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                       application calls the WinLoadPointer 
                                       function.  This is the default option. 
 mem-option        Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is in 
                   memory.  This value must be one or more of the following: 
                   FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                       memory location. 
                   MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary 
                                       to compact memory. 
                   DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                       longer needed. The default setting is 
                   MOVEABLE and DISCARDABLE. 
 codepage          Specifies a code page value.  See CODEPAGE Statement for a 
                   list of valid code pages. 
 filename          Specifies the name of the file containing the pointer 
                   resource. If the file is not in the current directory, 
                   filename must be preceded by a full path. 

 Example 

 This example defines a pointer whose pointer identifier is 10. The pointer 
 resource is copied from the file custom.cur. 

  POINTER 10 custom.cur


═══ 2.5.45. PRESPARAMS Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  PRESPARAMS presparam, value, presparam, value, ...

The PRESPARAMS statement defines presentation fields that customize a dialog 
box, menu, window, or control.  PRESPARAMS data is a series of types and 
values.  The window procedure of the dialog box, menu, window or control 
receives and processes this data when the item is created.  The data for custom 
controls can be in any format. 

 presparam   Specifies a presentation-field type. 
 value       Specifies the presentation-field value. 

 Comments 

 PRESPARAMS is often used to supply data to control the appearance of the 
 customized window when it is first created.  For example, the PRESPARAMS 
 statement may specify the colors to be used in the window. 

 Example 

 This example creates a menu resource with a menu identifier of 1. The 
 PRESPARAMS statement specifies that the following three menu items be 
 displayed in the 12-point Helvetica font. 

  MENU 1
  BEGIN
      PRESPARAMS PP_FONTNAMESIZE, "12.Helv"
      MENUITEM "New", 100
      MENUITEM "Open", 101
      MENUITEM "Save", 102
  END


═══ 2.5.46. PUSHBUTTON Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  PUSHBUTTON text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The PUSHBUTTON statement creates a pushbutton control.  The control is a 
round-cornered rectangle containing the given text.  The control sends a 
message to its parent whenever the user chooses the control. The PUSHBUTTON 
statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, defines the 
text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of a control window.  The 
predefined class for this control is WC_BUTTON. If you do not specify a style, 
the default style is BS_PUSHBUTTON and WS_TABSTOP. 

 text    Specifies text that is centered in the rectangular area of the 
         control.  This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in 
         double quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 
         through 255.  If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you 
         must include the double quotation mark twice.  A tilde ( ~ ) character 
         in the text indicates that the following character is used as a 
         mnemonic character for the control.  When the control is displayed, 
         the tilde is not shown, but the mnemonic character is underlined. The 
         user can choose the control by pressing the key corresponding to the 
         underlined mnemonic character. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier.  This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_BUTTON. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a pushbutton control that is labeled "OK." 

  PUSHBUTTON "OK", 101, 10, 10, 100, 100


═══ 2.5.47. RADIOBUTTON Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  RADIOBUTTON text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The RADIOBUTTON statement creates a radio-button control.  The control is a 
small circle that has the given text displayed to its right.  The control 
highlights the circle and sends a message to its parent window when the user 
selects the button.  The control removes the highlight and sends a message when 
the button is next selected.  The RADIOBUTTON statement, which you can use only 
in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and 
attributes of a control window.  The predefined class for this control is 
WC_BUTTON.  If you do not specify a style, the default style is BS_RADIOBUTTON. 

 text    Specifies text that is displayed to the right of the control.  This 
         field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in double 
         quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 through 255. 
         If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you must include 
         the double quotation mark twice.  A tilde ( ~ ) character in the text 
         indicates that the following character is used as a mnemonic character 
         for the control.  When the control is displayed, the tilde is not 
         shown, but the mnemonic character is underlined.  The user can choose 
         the control by pressing the key corresponding to the underlined 
         mnemonic character. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier.  This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_BUTTON. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a radio-button control that is labeled "Italic." 

  RADIOBUTTON "Italic", 101, 10, 10, 24, 50


═══ 2.5.48. RCDATA Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  RCDATA resource-id
  BEGIN
  data-definition, data-definition   ...
      .
      .
      .
  END

The RCDATA statement defines a custom-data resource for an application.  The 
custom data can be in whatever format the application requires.  You can 
provide any number of RCDATA statements in a resource script file, but each 
statement must specify a unique resource-id value.  A custom-data resource can 
be loaded from the executable file when needed by using the DosGetResource or 
DosGetResource2 functions with the RT_RCDATA resource type. 

 resource-id       Specifies the custom-data identifier.  This value must be an 
                   unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, a simple 
                   expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges, or a 
                   character string. 
 data-definition   Specifies the custom data.  The data may be simple 
                   expressions or strings. 

 Example 

 This example defines custom data that has a resource identifier of 5. 

  RCDATA 5
  BEGIN
      "E. A. Poe", 1849, -32, 3L, 0x8000000l, 3+4+5
  END


═══ 2.5.49. RCINCLUDE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  RCINCLUDE filename

The RCINCLUDE statement causes RC to process the resource script file specified 
in the filename field along with the current resource script file.  The 
contents of both files are compiled by RC and the results are placed in one 
binary resource file and/or executable file. 

 filename    Specifies the name of the resource script file to be included. If 
             the file is not in the current directory, filename must be 
             preceded by a full path. 

 Comments 

 RCINCLUDE statements are processed before any other processing is done, 
 including preprocessing by RCPP.EXE, which removes comments, replaces values 
 in the define directives, and so on. 

 When specifying a high performance file system (HPFS) file name on an 
 RCINCLUDE statement, enclose the path and file name in double quotes; for 
 example: 

     RCINCLUDE "d:\project\long dialog.dlg"

 Double quotes enables the Resource Compiler to recognize a name containing 
 embedded blank characters. 

 Example 

 This example includes the file DIALOGS.RC as part of the current resource 
 script file. 

  RCINCLUDE dialogs.rc


═══ 2.5.50. RESOURCE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  RESOURCE type-id resource-id [load-option] [mem-option]
           [code-page] filename

  or

  RESOURCE type-id resource-id [load-option] [mem-option]
           [code-page]
  BEGIN
  data-definition [, data-definition]...
  ...
  END

The RESOURCE statement defines a custom resource for an application. A custom 
resource can be any data in any format. The RESOURCE statement copies the 
custom resource from the specified file or inline data, and adds it to the 
application's other resources. A custom resource can be loaded from the 
executable file when needed by using the DosGetResource or DosGetResource2 
function and specifying the resource's type and resource identifier. 

The custom resource data can be defined in a separate file or as inline data in 
the input script. This is reflected in the two formats that can be used for 
this statement. The first format is used when the custom resource data is being 
read from a file. The second format is used when the data consists of a block 
of raw source data that is defined inline in the input script. 

You can provide any number of RESOURCE statements in a resource script file, 
but each statement must specify a unique combination of type-id and resource-id 
values. That is, RESOURCE statements having the same type-id value are 
permitted as long as the resource-id value for each is unique. 

 type-id           Specifies the custom-resource type.  This value must be an 
                   integer in the range 256 through 65535, or a simple 
                   expression that evaluates to a value in that range.  (Values 
                   0 through 255 are reserved.) 
 resource-id       Specifies the custom-resource identifier.  This value must 
                   be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an 
                   unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, a simple 
                   expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges, or a 
                   character string. 
 load-option       Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                   executable file into memory.  This value must be one of the 
                   following: 
                   PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                       application starts. 
                   LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                       application calls the DosGetResource or 
                                       DosGetResource2 function.  This is the 
                                       default option. 
 mem-option        Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is in 
                   memory.  This value must be one or more of the following: 
                   FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                       memory location. 
                   MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary 
                                       to compact memory. 
                   DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                       longer needed. The default setting is 
                   MOVEABLE and DISCARDABLE. 
 codepage          Specifies a code page value. See CODEPAGE Statement. for a 
                   list of valid code pages. 
 filename          Specifies the name of the file containing the custom 
                   resource. If the file is not in the current directory, 
                   filename must be preceded by a full path. 
 data-definition   Specifies a custom data definition.  The data can be a 
                   simple expression or a string.  Integers can be specified in 
                   decimal, octal, or hexadecimal format.  Data definitions in 
                   series on the same line are separated by commas.  An integer 
                   specified without the suffix L must be in the range -32768 
                   through 65535. An integer with an L suffix must be within 
                   the range -2147483648 through 4294967295.  String data is 
                   specified withing quotes. 

                   Note:  The Resouce Compiler does not append a null character 
                          to the end of these strings as it does for RCDATA 
                          blocks;  any required null characters must be written 
                          as \0 within the data string. 

 Example 

 This example defines a custom resource whose type identifier is 300 and whose 
 resource identifier is 14.  The custom resource is copied from the file 
 CUSTOM.RES. 

  RESOURCE 300 14 custom.res


═══ 2.5.51. RTEXT Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  RTEXT text, id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The RTEXT statement creates a right-aligned text control.  The control is a 
simple rectangle displaying the given text right-aligned in the rectangle.  The 
text is formatted before it is displayed.  Words that would extend past the end 
of a line are automatically wrapped to the beginning of the next line.  The 
RTEXT statement, which you can use only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement, 
defines the text, identifier, dimensions, and attributes of the control.  The 
predefined class for the control is WC_STATIC.  If you do not specify a style, 
the default style is SS_TEXT, DT_RIGHT, and WS_GROUP. 

 text    Specifies text that is right-aligned in the rectangular area of the 
         control.  This field must contain zero or more characters enclosed in 
         double quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 1 
         through 255.  If a double quotation mark is required in the text, you 
         must include the double quotation mark twice. 
 id      Specifies the control identifier.  This value must be a signed integer 
         in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 
         1 through 65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in 
         these ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         This value must be a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767 
         or an expression consisting of integers and the addition (+) or 
         subtraction (-) operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog 
         units and is relative to the origin of the dialog box, window, or 
         control containing the specified control. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The width is in 
         n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  This value must be an integer in 
         the range 0 through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and 
         the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The height is in 
         1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  This value can be a combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_STATIC. You can use the bitwise OR (|) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Example 

 This example creates a right-aligned text control that is labeled "Filename." 

  RTEXT "Filename", 101, 10, 10, 100, 100


═══ 2.5.52. SLIDER Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  SLIDER   id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The SLIDER statement creates a slider control within the dialog window.  This 
control lets the user set, display, or modify a value by moving a slider arm 
along a slider shaft.  The SLIDER statement defines the identifier, position, 
dimensions, and attributes of a slider control.  The predefined class for this 
control is WC_SLIDER.  If you do not specify a style, the default style is 
WS_TABSTOP and WS_VISIBLE. 

 id      Specifies the control identifier.  The value is a signed integer 
         -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 
         65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in these 
         ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         The value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         The value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  The value is any integer 0 
         through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition 
         (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The width is in n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  The value is any integer 0 
         through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition 
         (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The height is in 1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  The value can be any combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_SLIDER.  You can use the bitwise OR ( | ) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Comments 

 The SLIDER statement is only used in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a slider control at position (40, 30) within the dialog 
 window.  The slider has a width of 120 character units and a height of 2 
 character units.  Its resource identifier is 101. The style specification 
 SLS_BUTTONSLEFT adds buttons to the left of the slider shaft.  The default 
 styles WS_TABSTOP and WS_VISIBLE are both in effect, though only the latter is 
 specified. 

  #define    IDC_SLIDER       101
  #define    IDD_SLIDERDLG    502
  DIALOG "Slider", IDD_SLIDERDLG, 11, 11, 200, 240, FS_NOBYTEALIGN |
          WS_VISIBLE, FCF_SYSMENU | FCF_TITLEBAR
    BEGIN
      SLIDER   IDC_SLIDER, 40, 30, 120, 16, SLS_BUTTONSLEFT | WS_VISIBLE
    END


═══ 2.5.53. SPINBUTTON Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  SPINBUTTON   id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The SPINBUTTON statement creates a spin button control within the dialog 
window.  This control gives the user quick access to a finite set of data.  The 
SPINBUTTON statement defines the identifier, position, dimensions, and 
attributes of a spin button control.  The predefined class for this control is 
WC_SPINBUTTON. If you do not specify a style, the default style is WS_TABSTOP, 
WS_VISIBLE, and SPBS_MASTER. 

 id      Specifies the control identifier.  The value is a signed integer 
         -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 
         65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in these 
         ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         The value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         The value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  The value is any integer 0 
         through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition 
         (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The width is in n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  The value is any integer 0 
         through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition 
         (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The height is in 1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles.  The value is any combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_SPINBUTTON.  You can use the bitwise OR ( | ) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Comments 

 The SPINBUTTON statement is used only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a spin-button control at position (80, 20) within the 
 dialog window.  The spin button has a width of 60 character units and a height 
 of 3 character units.  Its resource identifier is 302. The style specification 
 SPBS_NUMERICONLY creates a control which accepts only the digits 0-9 and 
 virtual keys.  The default styles SPBS_MASTER, WS_TABSTOP, and WS_VISIBLE are 
 all in effect, though only WS_TABSTOP is specified. 

  #define    IDC_SPINBUTTON   302
  #define    IDD_SPINDLG    502
  DIALOG "Spin button", IDD_SPINDLG, 11, 11, 200, 240, FS_NOBYTEALIGN |
          WS_VISIBLE, FCF_SYSMENU | FCF_TITLEBAR
    BEGIN
      SPINBUTTON  IDC_SPINBUTTON, 80, 20, 60, 24, SPBS_NUMERICONLY | WS_TABSTOP
    END


═══ 2.5.54. STRINGTABLE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  STRINGTABLE  [load-option] [mem-option] [codepage]
  BEGIN
  string-id string-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END

The STRINGTABLE statement creates one or more string resources for an 
application.  A string resource is a null-terminated character string that has 
a unique string identifier.  A string resource can be loaded from the 
executable file when needed by using the WinLoadString or with DosGetResource 
with the RT_STRING resource type. RT_STRING resources are bundled together in 
groups of 16, with any missing IDs replaced with zero length strings. Each 
group, or bundle, is assigned a unique sequential identifier. The resource 
string identifier is not necessarily the same as the identifier specified when 
using DosGetResource. The formula for calculating the identifier of the 
resource bundle, for use in DosGetResource, is as follows: 

bundle ID = (id / 16) +1
where id is the string ID assigned in the RC file. 

Thus, bundle 1 contains strings 0 to 15, bundle 2 contains strings 16 to 31, 
and so on. Once the address of the bundle has been returned by DosGetResource 
(using the calculated identifier), the buffer can be parsed to locate the 
particular string within the bundle. The number of the string is calculated by 
the formula: 

string = id % 16
(string = remainder for id/16). 

The buffer returned consists of the CodePage of the strings in the first 
USHORT, followed by the 16 strings in the bundle. The first BYTE of each string 
is the length of the string (including the null terminator), followed by the 
string and the terminator. A zero length string is represented by two bytes: 
01 (string length) followed by the null terminator. 

You can provide any number of STRINGTABLE statements in a resource script file. 
The compiler treats all the strings from the various STRINGTABLE statements as 
if they belonged to a single statement.  This means that no two strings in a 
resource script file can have the same string identifier. 

 load-option    Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                executable file into memory.  This value must be one of the 
                following: 

                PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                    application starts. 
                LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                    application calls the WinLoadString 
                                    function. This is the default option. 

 mem-option     Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is in 
                memory.  This value must be one or more of the following: 

                FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed memory 
                                    location. 
                MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary to 
                                    compact memory. 
                DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is no 
                                    longer needed. 

                The default setting is MOVEABLE and DISCARDABLE. 

 code-page      Specifies a code page value.  See CODEPAGE Statement for a list 
                of valid code page values. 

 string-id      Specifies the character-string identifier.  This value must be 
                a signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an unsigned 
                integer in the range of 1 through 65535, or a simple expression 
                that evaluates to a value in these ranges.  The value can be 
                specified in decimal or hexadecimal notation.  Each string 
                identifier in a resource script file must be unique. 

 string-definition Specifies a character string.  This field must contain zero 
                or more characters enclosed in double quotation marks. 
                Character values must be in the range 1 through 255.  If a 
                double quotation mark is required in the string, you must 
                include the double quotation mark twice. 

 Comments 

 You can continue a string on multiple lines by terminating the line with a 
 backslash (\) or by terminating the line with a double quotation mark (") and 
 then starting the next line with a double quotation mark. 

 Example 

 This example creates two string resources whose string identifiers are 1 and 
 2. 

  #define IDS_HELLO    1
  #define IDS_GOODBYE  2

  STRINGTABLE
  BEGIN
      IDS_HELLO   "Hello"
      IDS_GOODBYE "Goodbye"
  END


═══ 2.5.55. SUBITEMSIZE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  SUBITEMSIZE  size

The SUBITEMSIZE statement specifies the size, in words, of each help subitem in 
a help subtable.  The minimum size is two words, and each help subitem in a 
help subtable must be the same size.  When used, the SUBITEMSIZE statement must 
appear after the HELPSUBTABLE statement and before the BEGIN keyword. 

You do not need to use the SUBITEMSIZE statement if the help subitems are the 
default size (2). 

 size    Specifies the size of each help subitem.  This value must be an 
         integer. 

 Example 

 The SUBITEMSIZE statement in this example specifies that each HELPSUBITEM 
 statement contains three words. 

  HELPSUBTABLE 1
  SUBITEMSIZE 3
  BEGIN
      HELPSUBITEM IDCLD_FILEMENU, IDHP_FILEMENU, 5
      HELPSUBITEM IDCLD_HELPMENU, IDHP_HELPMENU, 6
  END


═══ 2.5.56. SUBMENU Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  SUBMENU text, submenu-id [, menuitem-style]
  BEGIN
  menuitem-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END

The SUBMENU statement creates a submenu for a given menu.  A submenu is a 
vertical list of menu items from which the user can choose a command. 

You can provide any number of SUBMENU statements in a MENU statement, but each 
SUBMENU statement must specify a unique submenu-id value. You can provide any 
number of menuitem-definition statements in the SUBMENU statement.  These 
define the menu items (commands) in the menu.  The order of the statements 
determines the order of the menu items. 

 text                  Specifies the text of the submenu.  This field must 
                       contain zero or more characters enclosed in double 
                       quotation marks.  Character values must be in the range 
                       1 through 255.  If a double quotation mark is required 
                       in the string, you must include the double quotation 
                       mark twice.  A tilde ( ~ ) character in the item name 
                       indicates that the following character is used as a 
                       mnemonic character for the item.  When the menu is 
                       displayed, the tilde is not shown, but the mnemonic 
                       character is underlined.  The user can choose the menu 
                       item by pressing the key corresponding to the underlined 
                       mnemonic character. 
 submenu-id            Specifies the submenu identifier. This value must be a 
                       signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an 
                       unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, or a 
                       simple expression that evaluates to a value in these 
                       ranges. 
 menuitem-style        Specifies the submenu style. This value can be a 
                       combination of MIS_ values. For details on the MIS_ 
                       values, see MENUITEM Statement. 
 menuitem-definition   Specifies a PRESPARAMS or MENUITEM statement.  You can 
                       use the PRESPARAMS statement to control the appearance 
                       of a submenu, such as the font and the foreground and 
                       background colors.  If used, the PRESPARAMS statement 
                       must immediately follow the BEGIN keyword.  For details 
                       about the PRESPARAMS statement, see PRESPARAMS 
                       Statement. 

                       The MENUITEM statement defines an individual command in 
                       the given menu.  For details, see MENUITEM Statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a submenu named Elements.  Its identifier is 2. The 
 submenu contains three menu items, which are created by using MENUITEM 
 statements. 

  SUBMENU "Elements", 2
  BEGIN
      MENUITEM "Oxygen", 200
      MENUITEM "Carbon", 201, , MIA_CHECKED
      MENUITEM "Hydrogen", 202
  END


═══ 2.5.57. undef Directive ═══

Syntax: 

  undef name

This directive removes the current definition of the specified name.  All 
subsequent occurrences of the name are processed without replacement. 

 name    Specifies the name to be removed.  This value is any combination of 
         letters, digits, and punctuation. 

 Example 

 This example removes the definitions for the names "nonzero" and "USERCLASS". 

  #undef     nonzero
  #undef     USERCLASS


═══ 2.5.58. VALUESET Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  VALUESET   id, x, y, width, height[, style]

The VALUESET statement creates a value set control within the dialog window. 
This control lets a user select one choice from a group of mutually exclusive 
choices.  The VALUESET statement defines the identifier, position, dimensions, 
and attributes of a value set control.  The predefined class for this control 
is WC_VALUESET.  If you do not specify a style, the default style is WS_TABSTOP 
and WS_VISIBLE. 

 id      Specifies the control identifier.  The value is a signed integer 
         -32768 through 32767, an unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 
         65535, or a simple expression that evaluates to a value in these 
         ranges. 
 x       Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         The value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 y       Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the control. 
         The value is a signed integer -32768 through 32767 or an expression 
         consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) 
         operator.  The coordinate is assumed to be in dialog units and is 
         relative to the origin of the dialog window. 
 width   Specifies the width of the control.  The value is any integer 0 
         through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition 
         (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The width is in n-character units. 
 height  Specifies the height of the control.  The value is any integer 0 
         through 65535 or an expression consisting of integers and the addition 
         (+) or subtraction (-) operator. The height is in 1/8-character units. 
 style   Specifies the control styles. The value is any combination of the 
         styles specified for WC_VALUESET. You can use the bitwise OR ( | ) 
         operator to combine styles. 

 Comments 

 The VALUESET statement is used only in a DIALOG or WINDOW statement. 

 Example 

 This example creates a value set control at position (40, 40) within the 
 dialog window.  The value set control has a width of 220 character and a 
 height of 20 character units.  Its resource identifier is 302.  The style 
 specification VS_ICON creates a control to show items in icon form.  The 
 default styles WS_TABSTOP and WS_VISIBLE are both in effect, though only 
 WS_TABSTOP is specified. 

  #define    IDC_VALUESET     302
  #define    IDD_VALUESETDLG  501
  DIALOG "Value set", IDD_VALUESETDLG, 11, 11, 260, 240, FS_NOBYTEALIGN |
          WS_VISIBLE, FCF_SYSMENU | FCF_TITLEBAR
    BEGIN
      VALUESET  IDC_VALUESET, 40, 40, 220, 160, VS_ICON | WS_TABSTOP
    END


═══ 2.5.59. WINDOW Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  WINDOW text, id, x, y, width, height, class[, style[, framectl]]
         data-definitions
[ BEGIN
control-definition
    .
    .
    .
END ]

The WINDOW statement creates a window of the specified class.  The statement 
defines the position and dimensions of the window relative to its parent 
window, as well as the window-box style.  The WINDOW statement is typically 
used in a WINDOWTEMPLATE or FRAME statement. 

Typically, only one WINDOW statement is used in a FRAME statement.  It defines 
the client window belonging to the corresponding frame window. The optional 
BEGIN and END keywords enclose any CONTROL statements that are given with the 
window.  CONTROL statements given in this manner represent child windows 
belonging to the window created by the WINDOW statement. 

 text              Specifies the window title if the style specifies a title 
                   bar. This field must contain zero or more characters 
                   enclosed in double quotation marks.  The character values 
                   must be in the range 1 through 255.  If a double quotation 
                   mark is required in the title, you must include the double 
                   quotation mark twice. 
 id                Specifies the window identifier.  This value must be a 
                   signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an 
                   unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, or a 
                   simple expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges. 
 x                 Specifies the x-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the 
                   window. This value must be a signed integer in the range 
                   -32768 through 32767 or an expression consisting of integers 
                   and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The value 
                   is in dialog units.  The position is relative to the origin 
                   of the parent window. 
 y                 Specifies the y-coordinate of the lower-left corner of the 
                   window. This value must be a signed integer in the range 
                   -32768 through 32767 or an expression consisting of integers 
                   and the addition (+) or subtraction (-) operator.  The value 
                   is in dialog units.  The position is relative to the origin 
                   of the parent window. 
 width             Specifies the width of the window.  This value must be an 
                   integer in the range 0 through 65535 or an expression 
                   consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction 
                   (-) operator.  The value is in n-character units. 
 height            Specifies the height of the window.  This value must be an 
                   integer in the range 0 through 65535 or an expression 
                   consisting of integers and the addition (+) or subtraction 
                   (-) operator.  The value is in 1/8-character units. 
 class             Specifies the window class.  This value can be one of the 
                   control classes specified in the "Control Classes" table in 
                   the Presentation Manager Programmer Reference or the name of 
                   the window class, enclosed in double quotation marks. 
 style             Specifies the window style.  This value can be any of the 
                   window, dialog box, or frame styles specified. 
 framectl          Specifies the style of the frame controls belonging to the 
                   window.  This value can be a combination of the styles 
                   specified in the table, "Frame-Control Styles." You can use 
                   the bitwise OR (|) operator to combine styles. 
 data-definitions  Specifies a CTLDATA and/or PRESPARAMS statement. These 
                   statements define control and presentation data for the 
                   window. For more information, see CTLDATA Statement and 
                   PRESPARAMS Statement. 
 control-definition Specifies a CONTROL statement or any one of several 
                   predefined control statements. These statements define the 
                   style, position, and dimensions of controls in the window. 

 Comments 

 The WINDOW statement can actually contain any combination of CONTROL, DIALOG, 
 and WINDOW statements. Typically, a WINDOW statement contains one or no such 
 statements. 

 Example 

 This example creates a client window belonging to the frame window. The client 
 window belongs to the "MyClientClass" window class and has the standard window 
 identifier FID_CLIENT. 

  WINDOWTEMPLATE 1
  BEGIN
      FRAME "My Window", 1, 10, 10, 320, 130,
               0, FCF_STANDARD | FCF_VERTSCROLL
      BEGIN
          WINDOW "", FID_CLIENT, 0, 0, 0, 0, "MyClientClass"
      END
  END


═══ 2.5.60. WINDOWTEMPLATE Statement ═══

Syntax: 

  WINDOWTEMPLATE window-id [load-option] [mem-option] [code-page]
  BEGIN
  window-definition
      .
      .
      .
  END

The WINDOWTEMPLATE statement creates a window template.  A window template 
consists of a series of statements that define the window identifier, load and 
memory options, window dimensions, and controls in the window.  The window 
template can be loaded from the executable file by using the WinLoadDlg 
function. 

You can provide any number of window templates in a resource script file, but 
each template must have a unique window-id value. 

 window-id           Specifies the window identifier.  This value must be a 
                     signed integer in the range -32768 through 32767, an 
                     unsigned integer in the range of 1 through 65535, a simple 
                     expression that evaluates to a value in these ranges, or a 
                     character string. 
 load-option         Specifies when the system loads the resource from the 
                     executable file into memory.  This value must be one of 
                     the following: 
                     PRELOAD             System loads the resource when the 
                                         application starts. 
                     LOADONCALL          System loads the resource when the 
                                         application calls the WinLoadDlg 
                                         function. This is the default option. 
 mem-option          Specifies how the system manages the resource when it is 
                     in memory.  This value must be one or more of the 
                     following: 
                     FIXED               System keeps the resource at a fixed 
                                         memory location. 
                     MOVEABLE            System moves the resource as necessary 
                                         to compact memory. 
                     DISCARDABLE         System discards the resource if it is 
                                         no longer needed. The default setting 
                     is MOVEABLE and DISCARDABLE. 
 code-page           Specifies a code page value.  See CODEPAGE Statement for a 
                     list of valid code pages. 
 window-definition   Specifies a WINDOW statement.  The statement defines the 
                     dimensions and style of the given window.  For details 
                     about the statement, see WINDOW Statement. 

 Comments 

 A WINDOWTEMPLATE statement can contain DIALOG, CONTROL, and WINDOW statements. 
 Typically, only one WINDOW statement is used in the WINDOWTEMPLATE statement. 


═══ 2.6. Resource Compiler Error Messages ═══

The error messages produced by the resource compiler utility (RC) and its 
preprocessor are listed below. 

RC Preprocessor Fatal Error Messages 

Error Message Descriptions 

 C1012 
           bad parenthesis nesting - missing symbol 
           Explanation: You wrote an expression which was missing the given 
           left or right parenthesis symbol. 
           Action: Rewrite the expression with balanced parentheses. 
 C1014 
           too many include files 
           Explanation: You might have tried to include a file recursively. 
           Action: Remove the include directive for any file which has already 
           been included to the preprocessor. 
 C1015 
           cannot open include file 'filename' 
           Explanation: The preprocessor could not locate the given include 
           file. 
           Action: If the include file is not in the current directory or in a 
           directory named in the INCLUDE environment variable, or in a 
           directory specified by a -i option, you must provide the full path 
           and include file name. 
 C1016 
           #if[n]def expected an identifier 
           Explanation:You wrote an ifdef or ifndef directive with no macro 
           name. 
           Action: Supply the missing name. 
 C1017 
           invalid integer constant expression 
           Explanation: You used an incorrect expression where an integer 
           constant was expected. 
           Action: Supply a correct expression to the directive. 
 C1018 
           unexpected #elif 
           Explanation: You used a directive in an incorrect context. 
           Action: Correct the logic of the if directives. 
 C1019 
           unexpected #else 
           Explanation: You used a directive in an incorrect context. 
           Action: Correct the logic of the if directives. 
 C1020 
           unexpected #endif 
           Explanation: You used a directive in an incorrect context. 
           Action: Correct the logic of the if directives. 
 C1021 
           bad preprocessor command 'command' 
           Explanation: The given command is not a recognized directive.  You 
           might have misspelled the directive. 
           Action: Use the correct spelling for the directive. 
 C1022 
           expected #endif 
           Explanation: You wrote an if directive but omitted any endif. 
           Action: Supply the missing endif directive. 
 C1056 
           compiler limit 'name' out of macro expansion space 
           Explanation: The macro called name expanded to a length exceeding 
           2042 bytes. 
           Action: Revise your definition of the macro so that its value is 
           shorter than the length limit. 
 C1065 
           compiler limit 'name' macro definition too big 
           Explanation: The macro called name expanded to a length exceeding 
           2042 bytes. 
           Action: Revise your definition of the macro so that its value is 
           shorter than the length limit. 

           Resource Compiler Preprocessor Error Messages 
 C2001 
           newline in constant 
           Explanation: You wrote a string literal constant without the closing 
           double quotation mark. 
           Action: Provide the ending double quote for the string. 
 C2004 
           expected defined(id) 
           Explanation: You wrote an if defined directive but omitted the macro 
           name. 
           Action: Supply the missing macro name. 
 C2006 
           #include expected a file name,found text 
           Explanation: The preprocessor found the given text instead of an 
           include file name. 
           Action Supply the correct include file name. 
 C2007 
           #define syntax 
           Explanation: The syntax of your define directive is incorrect. 
           Action: Use the correct form as described for the define directive. 
 C2014 
           preprocessor command must start as first non-white space 
           Explanation: You wrote a directive with text on the line before the 
           number sign (#). 
           Action: Put the number sign at the beginning of a line. 

           RC Preprocessor warnings 
 C4005 
           name redefinition 
           Explanation: You attempted to redefine the macro name to a value 
           different from its current definition. 
           Action: To use a different macro value, define it as a macro using 
           another macro name. 
 C4067 
           unexpected characters following include directive -newline expected 
           Explanation: You specified a filename to an include directive 
           without surrounding the name by double quotation marks or angle 
           brackets. 
           Action: Use double quotation marks or angle brackets around the 
           include filename. 
 C4067 
           unexpected characters following 'endif' directive - newline expected 
           Explanation: No characters should appear on the line of an endif or 
           else directive after the directive keyword. 
           Action: Remove the extra characters. 
 C4067 
           unexpected characters following 'else' directive-newline expected. 
           Explanation: No characters should appear on the line of an endif or 
           else directive after the directive keyword. 
           Action: Remove the extra characters. 
 C4067 
           unexpected characters following 'undef' directive - newline expected 
           Explanation: You can undefine only one macro on an undef directive. 
           Action:Use separate undef directive to undefine more than one macro. 

 Accelerator type required (CHAR, SCANCODE, or VIRTUALKEY) 
           Explanation: An acceloption has not been specified in the 
           accelerator table to define the type of accelerator. If the 
           accelerator character code is something other than a single 
           character or a character preceded by a caret ( ^ ), an acceloption 
           is required. 
           Action: Check accelerator table syntax. 
 BEGIN expected in accelerator table 
           Explanation: BEGIN keyword missing from accelerator table. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 BEGIN expected in dialog or window template 
           Explanation: BEGIN keyword missing from dialog or window template. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 BEGIN expected in menu 
           Explanation: BEGIN keyword missing from menu. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 BEGIN expected in message table 
           Explanation: BEGIN keyword missing from message table. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 BEGIN expected in RCData 
           Explanation: BEGIN keyword missing from RCData table. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 BEGIN expected in String Table 
           Explanation: BEGIN keyword missing from string table. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 Cannot re-use message constants 
           Explanation: Message identifier has been used more than once in 
           message table. 
           Action: Check message table syntax. 
 Cannot re-use string constants 
           Explanation: Message identifier has been used more than once in 
           string table. 
           Action: Check string table syntax. 
 Comma expected after item string 
           Explanation: A comma must be used to separate the menu item 
           identifier and the menu item string. 
           Action: Check menu syntax. 
 Control character out of range ( ^A - ^Z) 
           Explanation: Accelerator character codes that use the Ctrl key, and 
           are therefore preceded by a caret ( ^ ), must use alphabetic keys. 
           Action: Check accelerator table syntax. 
 END expected in dialog 
           Explanation: END keyword missing from dialog template. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 END expected in menu 
           Explanation: END keyword missing from menu. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 Error creating temp file 
           Explanation: Temporary files are created by the resource compiler 
           during the compilation process. 
           Action: Check that there is sufficient disk space to run the 
           resource compiler, and restart the resource compiler. 
 Expected comma in accelerator table 
           Explanation: Commas are used in the accelerator table to separate 
           the accelerator key, the accelerator command, and the accelerator 
           options. 
           Action: Check accelerator table syntax. 
 Expected ID value for menu item 
           Explanation: A selection identifier is needed for each item within a 
           menu. 
           Action: Check menu syntax. 
 Expected menu string 
           Explanation: A character string should be specified in the menu 
           definition to describe the menu selection. 
           Action: Check menu syntax. The string should be enclosed in double 
           quotation marks. 
 Expected numeric command value 
           Explanation: A number should be used in the accelerator table to 
           identify the message that is generated by an accelerator key. 
           Action: Check accelerator table syntax. 
 Expected numeric constant in message table 
           Explanation: The identifier that precedes a message definition must 
           be an integer. 
           Action: Check message definition syntax. 
 Expected numeric constant in string table 
           Explanation: The identifier that precedes a string definition must 
           be an integer. 
           Action: Check string definition syntax. 
 Expected numerical dialog constant 
           Explanation: Integers are required in dialog and window templates to 
           specify the coordinates and dimensions of the dialog box. 
           Action: Check syntax of dialog box definition. 
 Expected string in message table 
           Explanation: A character string was not found in the message table. 
           Action: Check syntax. The string should be enclosed in double 
           quotation marks. 
 Expected string in string table 
           Explanation: A character string was not found in the string table. 
           Action: Check string table syntax. The string should be enclosed in 
           double quotation marks. 
 Expected string or constant accelerator command 
           Explanation: The accelerator character code is missing. 
           Action: Check accelerator table syntax. 
 File not found 
           Explanation: The resource compiler could not find the .RC or .RES 
           file that you requested. 
           Action: Check that the file is in the current directory and check 
           the path to the directory. 
 Illegal empty BEGIN/END block found, resource not written 
           Explanation: A BEGIN/END block with no DIALOG, CONTROL, or WINDOW 
           statements in it was found in the dialog template. 
           Action: Delete unwanted BEGIN/END blocks. 
 Invalid accelerator 
           Explanation: The character code specified as an accelerator key must 
           be a valid keyboard operation. 
           Action: Check accelerator key definition syntax. 
 Invalid accelerator option 
           Explanation: The accelerator option must be a valid keyword. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 Invalid control character 
           Explanation: The accelerator key definition can include a caret 
           ( ^) to specify that the key should be used with the Ctrl key. 
           Action: Check accelerator key definition syntax. 
 Invalid Type 
           Explanation: The resource type must be a valid keyword. 
           Action: Check resource definition syntax. 
 Non-numeric template ID in dialog or window template 
           Explanation: The resource identifier must be an integer. 
           Action: Check dialog or window template syntax. 
 Only one top level window allowed 
           Explanation: Only one DIALOG, CONTROL, or WINDOW statement is 
           allowed within the dialog or window template. 
           Action: Check dialog or window template syntax. 
 Resource Type keyword expected 
           Explanation: The resource type must be specified in the resource 
           script file. 
           Action: Check resource definition syntax. 
 String literal too long 
           Explanation: Strings cannot be longer than 255 characters. 
           Action: Edit the string. 
 Text string or ordinal expected in control 
           Explanation: A text string can be specified in the DIALOG statement 
           of a dialog template to give it a title.  If a title is not 
           required, double quotation marks must be used with no characters 
           between them (" "). 
           Action: Edit DIALOG statement. 
 Unbalanced parentheses 
           Explanation: The left and right parentheses have not been matched. 
           Action: Edit the parentheses. 
 Undefined keyword or key name 
           Explanation: An invalid keyword or key name has been used. 
           Action: Check syntax. 
 Unexpected end of file in string literal 
           Explanation: The double quotation marks have not been closed at the 
           end of a character string. 
           Action: Edit the string. 
 Unexpected value in RCData 
           Explanation: The variable defined in RCData must be a string or a 
           number. 
           Action: Check the RCData syntax. 
 Unknown dialog or window token 
           Explanation: The dialog and window templates must use only the 
           DIALOG, WINDOW, or CONTROL keywords. 
           Action: Check the dialog or window template syntax. 
 Unknown menu sub type 
           Explanation: Items within a menu can be specified only with the 
           MENUITEM and SUBMENU keywords. 
           Action: Check menu definition syntax. 


═══ 3. Notices ═══

May 1999 

The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country 
where such provisions are inconsistent with local law:  INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS 
MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY 
KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states 
do not allow disclaimer of express or implied warranties in certain 
transactions, therefore, this statement may not apply to you. 

This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. 
Changes are periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be 
incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make improvements 
and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this 
publication at any time. 

This publication was produced in the United States of America.  IBM may not 
offer the products, services, or features discussed in this document in other 
countries, and the information is subject to change without notice.  Consult 
your local IBM representative for information on the products, services, and 
features available in your area. 

Requests for technical information about IBM products should be made to your 
IBM reseller or IBM marketing representative. 


═══ 3.1. Copyright Notices ═══

(C) Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1994, 1999. All 
rights reserved. 
Note to U.S. Government Users - Documentation related to restricted rights - 
Use, duplication or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP 
Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. 


═══ 3.2. Disclaimers ═══

References in this publication to IBM products, programs, or services do not 
imply that IBM intends to make these available in all countries in which IBM 
operates. Any reference to an IBM product, program, or service is not intended 
to state or imply that only that IBM product, program, or service may be used. 
Subject to IBM's valid intellectual property or other legally protectable 
rights, any functionally equivalent product, program, or service may be used 
instead of the IBM product, program, or service. The evaluation and 
verification of operation in conjunction with other products, except those 
expressly designated by IBM, are the responsibility of the user. 

IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter in 
this document. The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to 
these patents. You can send license inquiries, in writing, to: 

      IBM Director of Licensing 
      IBM Corporation 
      500 Columbus Avenue 
      Thornwood, NY  10594 
      U.S.A. 

 Asia-Pacific users can inquire, in writing, to the IBM Director of 
 Intellectual Property and Licensing, IBM World Trade Asia Corporation, 2-31 
 Roppongi 3-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106, Japan. 

 Licensees of this program who wish to have information about it for the 
 purpose of enabling: (i) the exchange of information between independently 
 created programs and other programs (including this one) and (ii) the mutual 
 use of the information which has been exchanged, should contact IBM 
 Corporation, Department LZKS, 11400 Burnet Road, Austin, TX 78758 U.S.A.  Such 
 information may be available, subject to appropriate terms and conditions, 
 including in some cases, payment of a fee. 


═══ 3.3. Trademarks ═══

The following terms are trademarks of the IBM Corporation in the United States 
or other countries or both: 

 AIX                           PowerPC 
 C Set ++                      Presentation Manager 
 Common User Access            SAA 
 CUA                           System Application Architecture 
 IBM                           WIN-OS/2 
 Operating System/2            Workplace Shell 
 OS/2                          XGA 
 Personal System/2 

 The following terms are trademarks of other companies: 

 CL, CL386                Microsoft Corporation 
 Intel                    Intel Corporation 
 MASM, MASM386            Microsoft Corporation 
 Pentium                  Intel Corporation 
 X/Open Company Ltd.      /X/Opend 

 Windows is a Trademark of the Microsoft Corporation. 

 Other company, product, and service names, which may be denoted by a double 
 asterisk (**), may be trademarks or service marks of others.