PILOTS COMMENTS

Flight 3-10-19

October 4, 1962

Pilot: Major Robert Rushworth

Everything right straight through the prelaunch was good as far as I was concerned. I satisfied myself on this MH trim switch, as the position should be. I got trim rate out of the airplane before I launched and it was working fine. Got down to the countdown to launch, everything was normal cut off. I didn't observe any great amount of roll off, I was holding in about an inch deflection left stick, it seemed to drop away with a very small amount of roll to the right. I got a quick light, and at the same time I got a light, I pitched the airplane up to 15° angle attack and came right back down to 10. I was holding 10 pretty good, and let go of the stick, and it settled back down to 5 and I pulled it back on up to 10.

I got to my pushover of 20° a little early on the time, about 18 seconds. It seemed real good, I pushed over just before White called me and everything was running along good then. Got to 3,000 feet per sec just a little bit early on the time, and started reducing the throttle to 3000 feet per sec and reducing it slow, cut it back to 50% at about 50 seconds. So performance looked real good at that point and speed brakes out. I think because brakes were coming out slower in the airplane than on the simulator is probably why I thought the performance was a little greater.

I got to Mach 4 or 4,000 feet per sec in about 80 or 82 seconds and I planned to get there about 85 seconds. Everything was good on the pushover and I was just ready to shutdown when I saw Mach 5, when the engine quit indicating at 105 seconds on the clock. So performance ended up just about the same as what we saw on the simulator.

I pushed the airplane over and speed brakes in, did a first pulse at 2° which ended up at 5°, that was dampers on, incidentally, I did a couple of small pulses on the way out between Mach 3 and 4 and the airplane was very stable. I didn't feel any limit cycle in the airplane at all. I watched for it at above 400 q and I couldn't tell any limit cycle. There seemed to be a little vibration in the airplane but it didn't impress me as being anything that anybody else had reported.

I got the first pulse damper on at 2° which ended up somewhere between 2 and 5° as I pulsed, turned the yaw damper off and the roll damper fixed, and got another pulse. It started somewhere just below 5° and I pushed it over to 2° and back on up to 5, so it varied between 2 and 5 most of the way through that pulse. It looked very much like the simulator, good excursions in sideslip and I was controlling roll during that one.

I got a call from the ground that I was going back down hill so I started up, yaw and damper off and rolled damper fixed, got up to 10° and did the first pulse. This almost matched the simulator except the rolling motion in the airplane wasn't quite as bad as the simulator, and the sideslip instead of going over and coming back and stopping like we had seen didn't stop, it just kept slowly going over and back and it looked good.

The angle of attack varied then between 10° and back down to about 6°. I got it back up to 10° and I reached down to shutoff the roll damper and shift the fixed position and did another pulse and held 10° so the second pulse at 10° was real good. Then I got the roll damper off and did another pulse at 10° which looked real good. Sideslip seemed to be a little bit slower and roll was much less active than what we found in the simulator. Then I went up to 15° and by that time I had slowed down to about 3800 feet per sec or 3700, and it was at least as good as the simulator and maybe a little bit better at that point. I got slowed down to around a little over 3,000 feet per sec and when I reported that the airplane was just wallowing around, one pulse I did, or I don't remember whether I did an aileron or rudder pulse, the airplane just started over on its side if I let go, it would have gone right straight over, so I controlled it and brought it back without any problem. At the worse point I saw 6° of sideslip and very slow which pretty much matched the simulator for that speed and this was down around 3000 feet per sec.

I looked out when White told me I was high on the profile and I could see the base was under the nose, because all I could see was clouds around the rim. I was on angle of attack hold. I think just as I started the speed brakes out, I got this clank and banging in the airplane and I realized that the generator had failed. I tried to reset it, called that I did, and it wouldn't reset. At the same time I started fighting with this angle of attack hold to get the nose down because I didn't have enough hands to get to the other switch. Finally got angle of attack shutoff and then White called to check the APU pressure and he didn't need to tell me that, I wasn't much interested in that seeing that that was gone. It wouldn't come back on, although the airplane did handle very nicely with only one APU. I couldn't tell any difference and I did enter with the roll and yaw damper

I started at a 15° when White told me I was high, I put it over to a 12° with the trim knob and that's where the problem started. I finally got rid of angle of attack hold, dampers back on, and came all around the pattern and, other than using the speed brakes, I couldn't see any difference in the control power. It looked like moving the speed brakes was costing me about 500 pounds of pressure, so I tried not to use that very much but did use a little bit on the final and gave up on that.

I didn't notice any strangeness in the system in the landing pattern. It seemed to handle as well, maybe a little bit better than the other airplanes. It didn't seem to be abnormal at all as pitch rate systems are supposed to be.

Question: When you were yaw off and roll fixed you came to this angle of attack, something didn't damp out, what was the magnitude sideslip?

Rushworth: Well I guess a 3 or 4°. I got the pulse in and it came over in the simulator indicated that it was going to come back and stop because of the reverse rolling motion, and then slide over the other way. This time I didn't have that much rolling motion, so when I got the sideslip in it slowly came right through center and then right back. It was slightly damped but not as much as the simulator showed.

Question: In the simulator you got the roll damper off again at 10° angle of attack, what was the magnitude at the time?

Rushworth: I would say about another degree but it depended how much I pulsed the thing.

Question: When the airplane started to go over on its side, did you use lateral control?

Rushworth: It came up good and that's when I got that 6° sideslip, right after that.

Question: Stopped rolling and it came back?

Rushworth: It started back and I gave it a little pulse and I think it went out again. This was at a 15° I think. The airplane was moving very slowly, both in roll and yaw, and at 15° if I hadn't been watching the b needle, I wouldn't have gotten any pulses at all other than the roll that was there. I wouldn't have felt it or known anything about it. I got a couple of bangs from heat at about 4,000 feet per sec with quite a little bit of smoke or haze, or fog, or something in the cockpit. I observed this for about 10 seconds or 15.

Question: Bob, did you get any yaw on aileron input when you tried to recover from that position?

Rushworth: I did first on that one big one where I got the 6° sideslip.

Question: On the 15°?

Rushworth: No, yes, that's when I got it, but I didn't think it was too bad. The thing that I was worried about on the simulator was I had fairly high frequency rolling oscillation which was a positive stability, but not too well damped. I was afraid that was going to cause me some trouble trying to correct it, and that wasn't there. Then again I didn't get a good pulse in before I got, at 15° I was already below Mach 4, 4,000 feet per sec. One pulse I didn't see above Mach 4 at 15°.

It was more than 45° in that area. I didn't have trouble in engaging or disengaging adaptive. First time a mode came on and it was holding real good. I didn't get a chance to look and see how close it was going to hold, but it was within, I don't think it was any worse than 1°. There was no problem in disengaging it and I used the trim wheel to keep it on 15°. I think it drooped about 1° after I set it.

Question: Did you get any structural vibrations or clanks when you went back adaptive after having roll and yaw off?

Rushworth: They went on real smooth. I had to look to see if the lights were out to be sure they were on. I saw them, but that's all.

Question: It didn't distract the others that were blinking on and off?

Rushworth: No, I disregarded it. It was a good light. it worked.

Question: When the generator and APU went out, you didn't lose any part of the count?

Rushworth: That was the first thing I checked. I had just gone back to dampers on when the generator failed and that was the first thing I checked. A11 switches were on.

Question: Had no hydraulics because servos weren't on. Your lights should have been out, is that correct?

Rushworth: That's what I wanted to find out, if the light was out.

Question: Did you, during the flight, make any trim inputs with the side stick?

Rushworth: Yes, in trying to settle down, apparently, I probably used the trim the second time I went to 10° for the pulse and 15° for the pulse.

I shut if off just as the nose came down or right after. I can't hardly believe that the yaw axis was off because I didn't, I couldn't tell that any stability, at all. The two problems I did on the acceleration out, I gave a pretty healthy boost force-wise and I could just barely move the needle, it was a 1/2°. I was real stable on adaptive.

Question: When the generator light went out, did you get the clunk and bang then?

Rushworth: Perhaps that was the APU quitting about the same time that I got a lot of noise in the airplane which didn't bother the airplane at all. Everything looked normal when the light came on. I heard everything at the same time I saw the light, or just before I saw the light.

McTigue: We started the APU again with no hydraulic pressure at all, so we had indication that we had probably failed the hydraulic pump. That's probably what you heard when the hydraulic went out.

Rushworth: Well, the generator is on the same shaft, isn't it?

McTigue: Yes, well, I don't think you would have problems like that. Did you try resetting it in the pattern?

Rushworth: I don't think so. But there was a long period of time between my observing this and I tried to reset the generator twice. It didn't come on the line and there was a long period of time before I tried that APU. I tried the APU once and I let it go quite a little bit of time. I didn't see any hydraulic pressure, so I put the switch off again and right back on. That didn't do anything. I think I reset the generator after that time and it didn't come on and then I started the APU again in the traffic pattern.

McTigue: But you didn't try to reset it after you started the turn?

Rushworth: No.

McTigue: Apparently it was running when you landed.

Rushworth: Yes, I wouldn't be surprised if it had of been because I heard something grind to a stop and it wasn't the right one. Neither the pumps or generators were operating.