═══ 1. How Do I... ═══

This section contains commonly asked questions and commonly given answers. 
Some of the questions were in the form "when will you make FM/2 able to 
do...?", and it already did, so please take the time to browse this.  Thanks. 

How do I... 

Get more information about how to use the mouse, drag and drop and context 
menus? 

Run the OS/2 Tutorial.  There should be an object for it on your desktop; 
highlight it and press [Enter]. 

Tell which container has the focus? 

OS/2 draws a dotted line around the current (cursored) object in the active 
container.  When you have the main window Split it's important to know which is 
the active container, as that's the one which will switch directories when you 
double-click a directory in the tree container. 

Change the icon or date of an object? 

Use the Attribs command on a popup menu for the object.  You can also change an 
object's icon by copy-dragging an icon file onto the object, then selecting Set 
Icon in the Drop on file object dialog, or by Opening its Settings notebook 
from a context menu and using the standard WPS method. 

Quickly rename an object? 

Point at the object's name, hold down the ALT key and click mouse button one. 
Enter the new name, then click the object again. 

Quickly change the directory container to look at a different directory? 

Double-click a directory in the tree container. 

See how big files are, or what their dates are? 

Set the directory container's view to Details: Call up a context menu by 
pressing button two over an empty area of the container to get the menu options 
for changing views. 

Quickly open a directory folder or an object's Settings notebook? 

Look at the Open submenu in a context menu called up on the object.  Place the 
mouse pointer on the object and press mouse button two to get a context menu of 
commands that can be used on that object. 

Change the colors and fonts used by FM/2? 

Use the Color Palette and Font Palette objects.  FM/2 will remember what you 
changed.  Each container can be changed individually.  There are also container 
context menu commands that lead to dialog boxes to get the job done (Change 
Font and Change Colors). 

Add commands to the Command submenu in context menus? 

Use the Edit Commands command under a main window's Config pulldown menu. 

Get FM/2 to do something special when I double-click an object of a particular 
type?  For instance, if I double-click an .INF file I want VIEW.EXE to run. 

Use the Edit Associations command under a main window's Config pulldown menu. 
Add a filemask describing the type of object, and give a program to run when 
the object type is selected. 

Change the viewer or editor that FM/2 uses? 

Invoke the External Program Setup dialog under FM/2's Config pulldown submenu. 
I recommend you do set these to your favorite viewing/editting applications. 

Change the archiver data used by FM/2? 

Edit ARCHIVER.BB2 (it contains instructions; use a text editor), or run AV and 
use its archiver editting dialog.  If FM/2 encounters what it thinks is a 
misconfigured archiver it'll display a dialog to help you adjust it. 

Search for files? 

Call up the Collector and use its Seek and Scan pulldown menu option. 

See files on my CD-ROM drive? 

Files on a CD-ROM are marked Read Only.  Be sure you've got your Filter set to 
show Read Only files.  CD-ROM drives (and other removable drives) are not 
prescanned by default (see Toggles), but you can cause them to be scanned by 
double-clicking the drive icon or selecting Rescan from its Context menu. 

"Migrate" applications using FM/2? 

To create program objects for programs, be sure the All objects shadows Toggle 
is not checked, then call up a context menu on the executable and click Shadow. 
A program object is created on the desktop (or whatever folder you've 
desginated as the object container).  If you create more than one object at the 
same time, they'll be placed in a folder. 

"Clone" a file? 

Copy-drag it onto a blank spot in the directory container.  You'll get a 
filename conflict resolution dialog where you can change the name of the new 
file. 


═══ 2. Main Window ═══

FM/2 performs routine move and copy operations best using drag and drop. Place 
the mouse pointer over the object to move, then press and hold mouse button 2, 
usually the right button.  Move the mouse, still holding button 2 down, and a 
drag image should follow the mouse pointer. Press and hold the Ctrl key to 
perform a copy instead of the default move operation (the drag image will "grey 
out").  Note that if the object you selected is highlighted, the operation 
involves all the highlighted objects in the container. 

Drag this image to the target object (usually a directory in the tree 
container) and release button 2 when it is over the desired target.  If you 
want to cancel the drag operation, press the Escape key. Pressing the F1 key 
over an FM/2 main window container will get you brief help.  The OS/2 tutorial 
has more information and hands-on exercizes if you need more help with the 
basics of drag and drop. 

You can change the default drag action from Move to Copy using FM/2's Toggles 
submenu.  When Copy is the default action, holding down the Shift key changes 
the action to Move. 

When you move or copy drop objects onto directory objects, things work just as 
you might expect; the objects are moved or copied to the target directory. 

What happens if you drop onto a file object? 

Move-drop onto FM/2's file objects is prohibited.  This is for convenience, 
believe it or not.  You can copy-drop onto an FM/2 file object, and you'll get 
a popup listbox of options that can be performed. Link-dropping (hold CTRL and 
Shift while dragging) always invokes special commands that are dependent on 
where you drop. If you link-drop to WPS objects, the usual shadowing is 
performed.  If you link-drop onto an FM/2 directory object, a compare is 
performed.  If you link-drop onto an FM/2 file object, what happens depends on 
what type of file the object represents.  If the target object is an archive, 
the Archive dialog appears to add the dropped objects to the archive.  If the 
target is an executable, the target is run with the dropped objects as 
arguments.  Otherwise, a compare is performed. 

Context menus are used for other manipulations.  To get a context menu, place 
the mouse pointer over the object to manipulate and click mouse button 2 
(press/release).  A popup menu appears with options applicable to the object 
(again, if the object is highlighted the command will operate on all 
highlighted objects).   If you request a context menu over a blank area of the 
container you'll get a popup of commands that affect the entire container (like 
views, filter, and so on).  If you're mouseless, F10 gets a popup for the 
cursored object, and Shift+F10 gets a popup for the container. 

You can also rename an object by clicking its name while holding down the ALT 
key, then typing the new name, just as you change the title of a WPS object, 
except that FM/2 provides you with the full pathname of the object so that you 
can also move the object between directories on the same drive as you rename it 
(for example, you can change C:\FILE to C:\ADIR\FILE). 

All of the above work pretty much the way they work under the WPS itself. 
Again, the OS/2 tutorial will get you started if you're a complete novice. If 
you're comfortable with OS/2's WPS, you already know how to use FM/2 to a great 
extent. 

The standard pulldown menus just under the title bar provide access to general 
configuration options, some utilities, allow you to split the directory 
container to look into two different directories, toggle the Toolbar off and 
on, and call up the Collector (a temporary holding place for objects and a 
seek-and-scan facility combined). 


═══ 2.1. Copy-dropping onto file objects ═══

This dialog allows you to select an action to perform on/with the target file 
object using the dropped objects. 

Append causes dropped file objects to be appended to the target. 

Pipe causes a command line to be executed for each dropped file object of the 
form: 
<Target> | <dropped> 

Redirect causes a command line to be executed for each dropped file of the 
form: 
<Target> < <dropped> 

Set Icon causes FM/2 to attempt to set the icon of the target to the first 
dropped object.  The dropped object should be an icon file. 

Exec causes FM/2 to attempt to execute the target with the dropped files as 
arguments.  You get to edit the command line first. 

Compare causes FM/2 to compare each dropped object to the target. 

Only objects selected in the listbox showing dropped objects are used, so you 
can deselect some of them if desired.  The listbox uses OS/2's extended 
selection technique.  Use the CTRL key modifier to make the listbox use the 
multiple selection techinique.  (Extended selection uses dragging, multiple 
uses point-and-click) 


═══ 2.2. Utilities ═══

FM/2 offers several utilities to make your life a little easier: 

Undelete Files 
Kill Processes 
Instant Batch File 
Command Line 
Internal Viewer/Editor Switchlist 
Save Applications 
Minimize All Applications 
Restore All Applications 
Massexit FM/2 
Shutdown OS/2 


═══ 2.2.1. Undelete Files ═══

This leads to a dialog that interfaces with UNDELETE.COM to allow you to 
undelete files.  The drive that will be operated on is determined by the 
highlighted object in the directory tree.  This dialog filters out files that 
already exist on the disk. 

You can always go directly to UNDELETE.COM if you have the need for more 
control.  This is provided only for convenience. 


═══ 2.2.2. Kill Processes ═══

This leads to a dialog that allows you to kill most renegade processes. If you 
run into a window that just won't close, or one that hides itself but doesn't 
quite go away, this may let you kill the hung process. 


═══ 2.2.3. Instant Batch File ═══

This leads to a dialog that lets you quickly hack together a batch (command) 
file and run it.  The command file isn't saved. 


═══ 2.2.4. Command Line ═══

This brings up a windowed OS/2 command line.  F9 is the accelerator key for 
this command. 


═══ 2.2.5. Save Applications ═══

Broadcasts a WM_SAVEAPPLICATION message to all frame windows.  This usually 
causes PM programs to save their current status.  This command is meant mainly 
for use when FM/2 is being run as a WPS replacement. 


═══ 2.2.6. Minimize All Applications ═══

Broadcasts a WM_SYSCOMMAND/SC_MINIMIZE message to all frame windows. This 
usually causes programs to minimize themselves.  FM/2 itself will minimize then 
restore itself.  This command is meant mainly for use when FM/2 is being run as 
a WPS replacement. 


═══ 2.2.7. Restore All Applications ═══

Broadcasts a WM_SYSCOMMAND/SC_RESTORE message to all frame windows. This 
usually causes programs to restore themselves.  This command is meant mainly 
for use when FM/2 is being run as a WPS replacement. 


═══ 2.2.8. Massexit FM/2 ═══

Normally you'll exit FM/2 by double-clicking the System Menu icon.  However, if 
you have several FM/2 main windows open, this will only close one window at a 
time.  To exit FM/2 completely in this case you can use this command (or close 
FM/2 from OS/2's switchlist). There is no confirmation. 


═══ 2.2.9. Shutdown OS/2 ═══

If you're running FM/2 as a WPS replacement, this option appears instead of the 
Massexit FM/2 option.  This command shuts down OS/2 just as does selecting 
Shutdown from the Desktop when the WPS is running, including confirmations. 


═══ 2.3. Config ═══

FM/2 can be configured as you like it using the commands under this submenu. 
It is highly recommended that you step through the items in this submenu when 
you first begin to use FM/2, both to familiarize yourself with the available 
configuration options and to make FM/2 work the way you like it to work. 

This submenu affects general FM/2 behavior.  Each container has its own 
configuration menu that allows you to set the type of view, filtering, font, 
and so on.  To get the popup menu that controls the container's appearance, 
request a context menu by pressing mouse button two (usually the right mouse 
button) while the pointer is over an empty area of the container, or press 
CTRL-F10 (^F10). 

External Programs 
Associations 
Commands 
Edit Archiver Data 
Object Container 
Printer 
Sorting Objects 
Toolbar Buttons 
Toggles 


═══ 2.3.1. External Programs ═══

This dialog allows you to set the generic external programs that FM/2 uses to 
view files, edit files, compare files and scan archives for viruses. 

Fill in the entry fields and click Okay when done.  Click Cancel to exit 
without saving your changes. 

FM/2 uses an internal MLE viewer/editor if you have no viewer or editor 
configured here.  It's recommended that you fill these fields in with whatever 
viewer and editor you like rather than use the internal. 

Examples: 

Editor:  "EPM.EXE %a" or "Q.EXE %a" or "E.EXE %a" 
Viewer:  "LSTPM.EXE %a" or "LIST2.EXE %a" 
Compare: "COMP.COM %a" 
Virus:  "OS2SCAN.EXE %p /SUB /A" 

The following replaceable "metastrings" can be used in command lines: 

%$  drive letter
%a  full pathnames
%c  command processor specified in %COMSPEC%
%f  filenames, no paths
%e  extensions
%p  path (d:\directory)
%%  a percent sign


═══ 2.3.2. Associations ═══

Associations are programs that are run when files matching specified filemasks 
(and optional file signatures) are selected (double-clicked). 

You can use this facility to cause editors specific to different datafile types 
to start when the datafile is selected.  For instance, if you associate "*.ICO" 
with "ICONEDIT.EXE %a" the icon editor will be started with the selected icon 
file when you double-click an icon. 

Signatures provide a mechanism to further test a matching file to determine 
that it is the proper type.  For example, all OS/2 .INF (information) files 
have the string "HSP" at position 0 of the file. By using signature "HSP" at 
offset 0 for the filemask "*.INF" and assigning the commandline "VIEW.EXE %a" 
to the association, any OS/2 .INF file will be read using VIEW when selected, 
but non-OS/2 files that have an .INF extension will not match this association. 

To add an association, fill in the entry fields and set the radio buttons and 
checkboxes that control session type as desired (these are explained in more 
detail in the help for Editting Commandline except for Prompt, which causes a 
dialog to appear that allows editting the command line before it is run), then 
click Add..  To delete an association, select it in the listbox, then click 
Del.  To change an association, delete it, edit the entry fields, radio buttons 
and checkboxes, then add it. 

The following replaceable "metastrings" can be used in command lines: 

%$  drive letter
%a  full pathnames
%c  command processor specified in %COMSPEC%
%f  filenames, no paths
%e  extensions
%p  path (d:\directory)
%%  a percent sign


═══ 2.3.3. Commands ═══

Commands are programs that can be run on selected objects by picking the 
programs by an assigned title from a dynamically built submenu of a popup 
context menu. 

When commands are displayed in the submenu, visual queues are given as to the 
behavior of a given command.  Commands that are checked will run once for each 
selected file.  Commands that are framed will prompt the user to edit and 
accept the command line before running. 

This dialog allows you to edit the commands that are available in the submenu. 
To add a command, fill in the entry fields and set the radio buttons and 
checkboxes that control session type as desired (these are explained in more 
detail in the help for Editting Commandline except for Each, which means that 
the command will be run once for each selected file, and Prompt, which means 
that the command will display a dialog that allows the user to edit the command 
line before running), then click Add..  To delete a command, select it in the 
listbox, then click Del.  To change a command, delete it, edit the entry 
fields, radio buttons and checkboxes, then add it. 

The following "metastrings" can be used in command lines: 

%$  drive letter
%a  full pathnames
%c  command processor specified in %COMSPEC%
%f  filenames, no paths
%e  extensions
%p  path (d:\directory)
%%  a percent sign


═══ 2.3.4. Object Container ═══

This command pops up a dialog box that lets you enter the name of the container 
to hold objects that FM/2 creates.  By default it is <WP_DESKTOP>. You can 
change this to some other object id or a full pathname. 


═══ 2.3.5. Printer ═══

This command pops up a dialog box that lets you enter the name of the device to 
which FM/2 will print text files.  By default it is LPT1. 


═══ 2.3.6. Sorting Objects ═══

FM/2 allows you to control how objects are sorted based on several criteria. 
You can also tell FM/2 to always display directories ahead of or behind files. 


═══ 2.3.7. Toolbar Buttons ═══

The Toolbar buttons submenu lets you turn toolbar buttons on and off, so you 
can get rid of the buttons you don't want/use. 


═══ 2.3.8. Toggles ═══

The menu items under the Toggles submenu are on/off switches.  The items are 
checked if they are on. 

Confirm delete controls whether FM/2 will ask you to confirm the deletion of 
files (deleting directories always requires confirmation).  It is recommended 
that you leave this option on and use the And quit asking checkbox in the 
Deletion confirmation dialog instead to prevent accidents. 

Forced delete controls how FM/2 deletes files.  If this is checked, deleted 
files will not be undeleteable. 

Uppercase names and Lowercase names control how FM/2 pretreats filenames before 
inserting them into the container.  The default is not to change the case of 
the filenames at all.  Changing these toggles will have an effect on the next 
rescan. 

The All objects shadows toggle controls how FM/2 acts when you select Shadow 
from a popup context menu.  If this is on, objects are always created as 
shadows.  If not, programs, icons, bitmaps and datafiles are created as the 
appropriate WPS objects (objects representing directories are always created as 
shadows for obvious reasons). 

If Deselect after command is on, highlighted objects in the container are 
unhighlighted after you perform some command on them. 

Use PMChkDsk/PMFormat causes FM/2 to use PMCHKDSK.EXE instead of CHKDSK.COM 
when checking a drive on a request initiated by a drive's context menu, and 
PMFORMAT.EXE instead of FORMAT.COM when formatting a drive on a request 
initiated by a drive's context menu.  These PM*.EXE programs are the same 
programs executed by WPS Drive Objects. 

The Verify disk writes toggle turns system-level write verification on and off. 
This is like typing VERIFY ON or VERIFY OFF at a command line. 

If Drag real icons is set, drag operations use some of the icons shown in the 
container when dragging.  If not, drag operations use default icons, which 
slightly speeds up dragging when many objects are being manipulated (but it's 
not as pretty).  If only one item is being dragged, this toggle has no effect; 
the icon shown in the container is used. 

By default, FM/2 does not prescan the tree for drives that have removable 
media.  Setting the Prescan removable drives toggle causes FM/2 to do so 
(except for floppies A: and B:, which are never prescanned). 

If you use views that don't have icons, it can be difficult to tell at a glance 
what's a subdirectory and what's a file.  Checking Put \ in front of dirs 
causes FM/2 to display a backslash before the name of directories to make this 
identification easier.  A better solution is to use Name view and mini icons; 
it's a GUI, and the "G" stands for "graphical." 

Checking Default drag action Copy reverses the normal behavior of drag and drop 
operations in FM/2.  Usually, dragging without holding down modifier keys 
results in a default Move action, and holding down the CTRL key changes that to 
a Copy.  With this checked, the default action is Copy, and holding down the 
Shift key changes the action to a Move. 

The External toolbox option modifies the meaning of the Toolbar menu command. 
When this is checked, clicking on Toolbar causes a separate window to be 
created containing the toolbar buttons.  This provides emulation of the older 
FM program interface. 

Redundant menus turns on Files and Views menu items.  These correspond to 
setting the focus to the appropriate container and then using the F10 and sF10 
accelerators; they just bring up context menus.  This provides emulation of the 
older FM program interface. 

Sort Tree controls whether the tree container is sorted. 

Wider Tree can be turned on to make the tree container a little wider. 


═══ 2.4. Split ═══

When this command is selected, FM/2 "splits" the directory container (actually 
it reduces the directory container so that it takes up only half the window and 
opens another).  The new container looks into the drive/directory currently 
selected in the tree container. 

When the view is split, this command changes its name to "Unsplit" and 
selecting it again reverses the process. 

Note that it's not necessary to split the directory container in order to have 
a target for drag and drop operations; you can drag directly to directories in 
the tree container.  This is probably one of those "think you need" things 
instead of something that's actually useful, but if you think you need it, 
there it is. 


═══ 2.5. Toolbar ═══

The toolbar is a collection of graphical buttons that invoke some of the 
commands in the pulldown or popup menus.  Passing the mouse pointer over the 
buttons displays brief help for the button on the titlebar. 

Some of the buttons will allow objects to be dragged onto them; for example, 
you can drag objects onto the trashcan to delete them.  Note that the hotspot 
of the mouse pointer itself should be over the button before releasing, not the 
icon being dragged (icons are slightly offset from the mouse pointer to give 
better target visibility).  Target emphasis is provided in the form of a black 
outline around the button. 

The first time this command is selected, the toolbar appears.  Selecting it 
again causes the toolbar to vanish. 

You can control which buttons are shown from the Toolbar buttons submenu of the 
Config menu on the FM/2 main window. 

If the External Toolbox Toggle is checked, this command modifies its meaning 
and calls up a separate window containing the toolbar buttons. 


═══ 2.6. Collector ═══

The Collector is a temporary place to hold objects that you want to manipualate 
later; it allows you to temporarily group objects regardless of where they're 
physically stored in the file system.  No physical (disk) storage is used; the 
Collector just holds the objects (something like WPS shadows) until you're 
ready to do something with them.  Note that objects in the Collector, unlike 
objects in main tree and directory containers, show their full pathnames. 

You can drag file system objects from and to the Collector.  Be careful where 
you drop the objects; directories and files already in the Collector are 
"targets." If you drop on a directory, the files are moved or copied to the 
directory, not into the Collector. 

The Collector allows you to manipulate the files it contains just as you would 
in a main tree or directory window.  Popup menus are available just as they are 
in a main window. 

Additionally, the pulldown menu gives you access to a Seek and scan function. 
This leads to a dialog that lets you search for and Collect files based on 
filemasks and text content. 


═══ 2.6.1. Seek and scan ═══

This dialog allows you to search for files (by filemasks and, optionally, text 
within the files) and Collectsthe files found. 

In the Filemasks entry field you can enter one or several filemasks.  To enter 
multiple masks, separate them with semi-colons. Example: "C:\*;D:\*.TXT". 

In the Search text entry field you can enter text that must be found for the 
file to match.  All files matching the filemask(s) are searched for this text. 
If no text is entered, a simple file find is performed. 

Simple regular expressions are supported.  These can be briefly summarized: 

  '*'        matches any string
  '?'        matches any single character
  '['XYZ']'  matches any of X, Y or Z
  ' '        matches 0 or more whitespace characters
  C          matches C

The Include Subdirs checkbox controls whether the search extends into 
subdirectories.  If the box is checked, subdirectories are searched. 

The Absolute checkbox disables regular expressions in the Search text entry 
field. 

The Case Senseitive checkbox, if checked, makes text searches case sensitive. 
Otherwise they are not ('c' matches 'C' and 'c'). 

The AllHDs button prompts you for a single simple filemask, then builds a 
Filemasks string that will search all hard drives for that mask. 

Click Okay when ready to search, or Cancel to exit without searching. 

Quicky instructions:  type a mask into the Filemasks entry field (for example, 
"C:\\*.BAK") and press [Enter]. 


═══ 3. Context menus ═══

Context menus are used extensively in FM/2, just as they are in the WPS. 

Context menus are requested by placing the mouse pointer over a desired object 
in a container (or over container whitespace) and clicking mouse button two 
(usually the right button). 

Commands that affect the container as a whole are found in context menus 
requested over whitespace (any empty area of the container).  Commands that 
affect the objects within the container are requested over the object of 
interest.  If an object is highlighted when a context menu is requested, the 
commands will usually affect all highlighted objects; otherwise, any commands 
will affect only the object over which the menu was requested. 

When a menu command leads to a dialog, the command name is followed by dots 
(i.e. "Attribs...").  If the command sometimes leads to a dialog, the command 
is followed by dots in parentheses (i.e. "Shadow(...)").  In cases where 
commands have accelerator key equivelants, the accelerator key is listed after 
the command (i.e. "View   ^v", where ^ indicates that the CTRL key must be 
pressed with the 'v' key, or "Archive...  ^A" which indicates that both the 
CTRL and SHIFT keys must be pressed with the 'a' key). 

Context menu commands affecting objects: 
(Note that not all commands are available for all objects on all drives) 

Attribs  leads to a dialog that allows changing an object's file attributes 
(System, Hidden, Readonly, Archived), date/time and icon. 

Rename allows you to rename objects.  You are notified of conflicts as they 
occur.  An easier method for renaming one object is to point at its text, hold 
down the ALT key, and click mouse button one. 

Delete deletes objects. 

View views objects through the configured viewer. 

Edit edits objects with the configured editor. 

Exec executes (runs) objects.  Obviously, satisfactory results will only be 
obtained with executable or batch/command files. 

Print prints text files.  It'd be a good idea to have a printer to which to 
print, and have configured it first, before trying to use this.  If using the 
standard WPS, be sure you have a printer object configured for the device 
you've told FM/2 to use, or you may wind up with FM/2's printing thread blocked 
for eternity awaiting access to a nonexistent or inaccessible device. 
Actually, if using the standard WPS, it's recommended that you simply drag 
files to the printer object and drop them instead of using this command. 

Hide temporarily hides objects in the container.  This is purely an appearance 
and convenience thing; nothing happens to the file/directory represented by the 
object. 

Move and Copy move or copy objects.  Drag and drop is recommended over using 
the menu commands for moving and copying. When using the menu commands, the 
Walk Drives dialog appears to allow you to select a target. 

The Command submenu contains any commands that you've configured using the Edit 
Commands dialog.  Commands are programs that are run on the selected object(s). 

Shadow builds WPS objects on your desktop for selected object(s). 

The Open submenu allows you to open an object's Settings notebook, open 
directories as WPS Folders, and open a new FM/2 main window for directories. 

Archive allows you to build an archive containing the selected object(s). 

Extract allows you to extract files from selected archives. 

Save to clipboard allows you to save selected objects to the clipboard as a 
text list, one per line. 

Context menu commands affecting containers as a whole: 

Icon switches the container to Icon view; the object's name appears below its 
icon. 

Name switches the container to Name view; the object's name appears beside its 
icon. 

Text switches the container to Text view.  Text view is the fastest view for a 
container to maintain, but provides the least information on the objects it 
contains. 

Details switches the container to Details view.  Details view shows a great 
deal of information on the objects it contains, including file sizes, dates, 
and times, but it is the slowest view for a container to maintain. 

Details Titles is a toggle controlling whether column titles will be displayed 
when the container is in Details view. 

Mini Icons is a toggle controlling whether icons are shown full size or in 
miniature in views that show icons. 

Change font leads to a dialog that lets you select a new font for a container. 
You can also use the WPS' Font Palette object. 

Change colors leads to a dialog that lets you set new colors for a container. 
You can also use the WPS' Color Palette object. 

Rescan rescans the directory associated with a container, or the drive from the 
current object down in a tree container.  FM/2 tries very hard to keep all its 
windows up to date, but things outside FM/2 can cause changes that FM/2 cannot 
know about automatically.  This command will ensure that your display is 
current. 

Resort resorts items in a container. 

Filter leads to a dialog that lets you set filemasks and attributes for objects 
to include in the container's display. 

Parent moves directory containers to the previous (parent) directory. 

Pick Directory leads to a dialog that allows you to pick from a list of 
recently used directories.  This can be a real timesaver. 

The Select submenu gives you many ways to highlight objects in a container. 
This lets you quickly build sophisticated selection sets of objects upon which 
you can perform tasks. 

Context menu commands specific to the tree container: 

Info displays information about the selected drive.  This is available only in 
context menus requested on drives. 

Check Disk runs CHKDSK.COM or PMCHKDSK.EXE (as configured) on the selected 
drive.  This tests the drive and can correct some deficiencies.  This is 
available only in context menus requested on drives. 

Format Disk runs FORMAT.COM on the selected drive after passing through a 
dialog (so relax, you have time to change your mind). Formatting a disk will 
destroy any information already on the disk. This is available only in context 
menus requested on drives. 

Expand expands the tree from the point where the context menu was requested to 
the bottom of the branch. 

Collapse collapses the tree from the point where the context menu was requested 
to the bottom of the branch. 

Make Directory allows you to create new directories.  The name of the directory 
where you requested the context menu is filled in as a starting point for 
convenience.  Directories may be created many levels deep in one pass. 


═══ 3.1. Drive Info ═══

FM/2 will show you information about the drive from which you chose the Info 
command in a context menu. 

For writeable drives, you can change the drive's label here by changing the 
text in the entry field and clicking Okay. 

The dialog box shows you the type of file system, volume label, total and 
available sizes of the drive (megabytes, kilobytes and units), tells you how 
the drive's resources are parceled into units, gives the drive's serial number 
and some flags.  These flags indicate special properties about the drive, like 
Removable (the drive allows its media to be removed and changed) or Not 
Writeable (the drive does not allow changes to be written to it). 


═══ 3.2. Filter container ═══

This dialog allows you to filter what's shown in a container.  A filemask or 
filemasks can be used to filter, and so can file attributes (except for archive 
listings where attributes are not applicable). 

As you enter filemasks they're saved for later redisplay in this dialog's 
listbox.  If a filemask desired is in the listbox you can use it by selecting 
it (double-clicking it). 

Multiple filemasks can be used by separating the masks with semi-colons. 

"No filemask" can be quickly entered by just clicking the Okay button, or "*" 
can be used. 

Wildcard matching is not case-sensitive. 

If a filename does not have a period, an implicit one is automatically appended 
to the end during matching operations. 

Some characters have the following special meaning: 

 ?  A question mark matches one character, unless what it would match is a 
period, slash or backslash, in which case it matches no characters. 

 *  An asterisk matches characters from the source to the target until it finds 
a filename character that matches the non-wild character following it in the 
filemask, or a period, slash, backslash or the end of the filename and/or 
filemask. 

Therefore, "*.f?o" matches "anything.foo" but not "anything.foe". 

Up to 24 masks may be "cascaded" by separation with semicolons. When specifying 
multiple filemasks, you can use '\' as the first character of a mask to mean 
_don't_ match this filespec.  Exclusions should usually be listed before 
inclusions to attain the desired effect. 


═══ 3.3. Pick from recently used directories ═══

 This dialog allows you to pick from recently used directories.  As you  move 
between drives and directories, FM/2 "remembers" where you've  wandered and 
saves the last 100 paths in the listbox in this dialog.  You can then recall a 
directory you use frequently with fewer picks. 

 The Remove button takes the currently highlighted directory  out of the 
listbox.  It does not touch the directory on your hard  drive. If the listbox 
gets too full for you taste you can prune  seldom-used directories from it 
using this button. 

 Highlight the directory you want, then click Okay (or  double-click the 
directory in the listbox).  Click Cancel if  you change your mind. 


═══ 3.4. Attributes ═══

The Attributes dialog allows you to change file attributes (System, Hidden, 
Archived, Readonly), date and time, and the icon of a file or directory. 

Attributes are set by checking or unchecking checkboxes labeled with the 
appropriate attribute name. 

The date and time are changed by clicking the arrows of the spin buttons or 
entering numbers directly into the entry fields of the spin buttons. Two 
pushbuttons, Now and Then, also affect the time and date; Now sets the 
date/time to the current date and time, Then restores the old date/time. 

To set a new icon, drag an icon file onto the icon at the top of the dialog. 
FM/2 immediately attempts to set the new icon, and any change is shown at once. 

Attributes and date/time are not changed until Okay is clicked. Note that the 
OS/2 API used, DosSetPathInfo, must be able to obtain read/write access to the 
file or subdirectory in order to set its attributes.  This is not possible with 
subdirectores or files already opened (by another process) with read or write 
denied. 


═══ 3.5. Shadow ═══

FM/2 has the ability to create objects on your WPS desktop (or in other WPS 
folders).  To create objects, select objects in an FM/2 window, then select 
Shadow from a context menu. 

If only one object is being created, the object is placed directly on the 
desktop (or the folder specified by the Object Container string).  If more than 
one object is being created, FM/2 first prompts you for the name of a folder. 
This folder is then created on the desktop and the objects are placed inside 
that folder. You can move the objects elsewhere after that. 

The All objects shadows Toggle modifies how this command works. 


═══ 3.6. Extract from archives ═══

 To extract from an archive, select the archive(s), then select  Extract from a 
context menu. 

 FM/2 presents you with a dialog that allows you to select the method of 
extraction, add masks for files to extract, tweak the command line for  exotic 
settings, and select the extraction directory (the directory to  which the 
files will be extracted. 

 Click Okay to begin extracting from the archive, or  Cancel if you change your 
mind. 

 You can also extract files from the archive in the Archive Listing window 
using that window's menus. 


═══ 3.7. Build an archive ═══

 To build an archive, select some files, then select Archive  from a context 
menu.  You can add files to an existing archive by  link-dragging them onto the 
archive object, or dragging them onto an  Archive Listing window. 

 FM/2 will ask you for the type of the archive by presenting you with a 
listbox from which to pick an archiver.  After that, another dialog  appears to 
let you modify how the archive will be created.  Additional  masks may be 
entered, the archiver command line tweaked, and so forth.  Click Okay to create 
the archive, or Cancel if  you change your mind. 

 Note that the archive name may be an existing archive, in which case  it's 
modified by adding the new files.  If some of the files are  already in the 
archive, they're replaced. 


═══ 3.8. Changing Colors ═══

This dialog allows you to change the colors of a container. 

The sliders control the red, green and blue components of the various colors 
represented by the radio buttons.  These sliders work like the color sliders in 
ICONEDIT.EXE.  As you move the sliders, the window to the right of them changes 
to show how the new settings look. 

The Apply button applies the current colors to the container. The Reset button 
resets the container and dialog to the default colors. 

Feel free to play; you can always reset the container to its original state 
with the Reset button, and you can't break anything. 


═══ 4. Archive Listing ═══

The archive listing window presents you with a list of the archive's contents. 
The menus available here present you with commands which you can perform on 
selected files and the archive as a whole, as well as the usual configuration 
of the window's appearance. 

Besides the container showing the archive contents and a couple of 
informational fields above that, there's an entry field at the bottom of the 
window that shows the current extract directory.  This is the directory in 
which any extracted files will be placed.  (Extraction refers to copying files 
from the archive onto your disk as normal files.)  There are two buttons beside 
this entry field, one marked with 'Pick' and one marked 'Walk'.  These 
represent the same two choices that are under the ExtractDir menu item; Pick 
Directory and Walk Directories. To change the extract directory, enter a new 
directory into the entry field (if it doesn't already exist you'll get an 
option to create it), drag a directory onto the entry field, or select one of 
the two buttons or menu items mentioned.  It's a good idea to hit the [Tab] key 
after entering a new extract directory into the entry field, since FM/2 doesn't 
know you're done typing until you vacate the field. 

You can drag files onto the archive container's listing to add them to the 
archive, but you cannot drag files from the archive.  OS/2's drag-and-drop 
"rendering" mechanism would make this painfully slow for more than one or two 
files, as each file is processed individually (imagine extracting each file in 
an archive by typing a separate command line for each to get an idea how slow 
it would be).  The menu extract items allow optimizing extraction so that only 
one "pass" needs to be done (note that Files->Extract must also deal with the 
OS/2 command line length restriction of 1024 bytes, so if you want to extract 
all the files in a large archive, Archive->Extract All is a superior choice). 

You can get a popup menu in the container by pressing button 2. 

Following is a discussion of the pull-down menus: 

Files Menu 

View causes FM/2 to extract the file(s) to a temporary directory and display 
it/them.  If, for some reason, the files don't appear when you attempt to view 
them, try Testing the archive. 

Extract causes FM/2 to extract the selected file(s) to the extract directory. 

Extract w/ Dirs causes FM/2 to extract the selected file(s) to the extract 
directory in such a way that, if directories have been included with the 
filenames, the directories are recreated. 

Delete causes FM/2 to delete the selected file(s) from the archive. 

Exec causes FM/2 to extract all selected files to a temporary directory and 
then runs the cursored file.  If you pick this from a popup menu, that would be 
the file under the mouse pointer when you requested the popup.  This allows you 
to select DLLs, help files, data files, etc. required to get the application to 
run correctly as well as the executable file. 

Find causes FM/2 to scan the extract directory for any files matching the names 
of the selected files within the archive and Collect them if found. 

Virus Scan causes FM/2 to extract the selected files and then run the 
configured virus checker.  See the Program Setup menu option. 

Hide hides, or filters, selected items.  To recall hidden items, use 
Views->Filter. 

Select submenu provides you with a variety of tools for selecting files in the 
archive. 

Archive Menu 

Extract All extracts all files from the archive to the extract directory. 

Extract All w/ Dirs does the same thing including any enclosed directories. 

Test tests the archive's integrity. 

Info displays some information about the archive. 

Rescan rescans the archive; useful if files may have been added to it or 
removed from it while FM/2 had it open. 

Edit Archiver Data allows you to tweak the information used by FM/2 for the 
current archive type. 

Edit Any Archiver's Data allows you to tweak the information used by FM/2 for 
any archive type. 


═══ 4.1. Editting Archiver Details ═══

This dialog box allows you to edit the details of an archiver. Entry boxes are 
present for all the twenty one fields represented in ARCHIVER.BB2. 

In the event that you attempt to list an archive and FM/2 feels you've probably 
bungled the entry in ARCHIVER.BB2, you'll be given an opportunity to use this 
dialog to fix the entry.  In this case, you'll see the listbox at the right of 
the dialog filled with the listing of the archive that your archiver made.  You 
can highlight a line and click the << button next to the Start List or End List 
fields to move the line to that entry field (these are the most common 
mistakes, and FM/2 cannot find any files if the Start List string is wrong). 
You can double-click on a listbox line to have FM/2 "parse" it into the Fld# 
text boxes for you, to make it easier to judge field positions for sizes, 
dates, and filenames.  The filename field in particular is extremely important. 
If it's too high, FM/2 finds no files.  If it's "in range" but wrong, FM/2 gets 
the wrong fields for filenames. 

You may still need to refer to your archiver's documentation, or run it to get 
the help on its command syntax.  FM/2 can't do everything for you, but it holds 
your hand as best it can. 

Refer to the ARCHIVER.BB2 file that came with FM/2 for additional information 
and an example. 

When you've completed editing the archiver's details, click Okay.  FM/2 will 
ask you if you want to rewrite ARCHIVER.BB2 (be sure you save the original copy 
for its complete notes; FM/2 will back it up one version to ARCHIVER.BAK).  If 
you don't rewrite ARCHIVER.BB2, changes are good only for the current session 
(handy for testing). 

You can also get to this dialog box from Select Files' Config submenu. 

See also: 

Archiver Details Fields 


═══ 4.1.1. Archiver Details Fields ═══

ID  This field contains an ID for the archiver; something for human 
consumption.  It's a good idea to include the version number of the archiver 
for reference.  An example might be "LHArc 2.11". 

Add  This field should contain the command that creates and adds files to an 
archive.  An example might be "PKZIP.EXE -a". Note that commands should include 
the extension so that FM/2 can check them without guessing.  Above this field 
is a button labeled "See." If clicked, the program named in this field will be 
run (you'll be given the opportunity to add arguments to the command line) in 
another window. This lets you check command syntax and archiver version. 

Move  This field should contain the command that moves files to the archive 
(adds then deletes the file).  An example might be "ARC.EXE mwn". 

Extension  This field contains the extension normally associated with files 
created by this archiver.  An example might be "ZOO" for files created by the 
Zoo archiver. 

Extract  This field contains the command that extracts files from the archive. 
This command should not delete the files from the archive when it extracts 
them, and *must* be present for FM/2 to show you a member of the archive 
(commands other than Extract and List may be left blank if necessary).  An 
example might be "PKUNZIP.EXE -o".  Note the "-o" option given; this tells 
PKUNZIP to automatically overwrite any existing files (FM/2 will check to see 
if any of the files exist and warn you if so).  It's important to always 
include your archiver's "don't stop for user input" option; some things occur 
as detached processes and you can't interact with them; the program would be 
hung, which is uncool. Above this field is a button labeled "See." If clicked, 
the program named in this field will be run (you'll be given the opportunity to 
add arguments to the command line) in another window. This lets you check 
command syntax and archiver version.  Note: It may be necessary, in the case of 
broken archivers like some UNZIPs, to make this the same as the following 
"Extract w/Dirs" field to get viewing of archive members to work.  This is 
because some archivers will not extract a file that is stored with paths 
without the path when you ask it to do so. 

Extract w/Dirs  This field contains the command that extracts files from the 
archive and places them into directories embedded in the archive.  An example 
might be "LH.EXE x /o /s". 

Signature  This field contains the signature for the archive type.  There is 
usually a byte or few in a particular place in any archive that indicates that 
it is, indeed, an archive of that type.  FM/2 uses these signatures to "sniff 
out" which archiver is used to manipulate the archive.  Since these signatures 
sometimes contain characters which are "unprintable," you can use \x<hexnum> to 
represent any "strange" characters.  A side effect of this is that two 
backslashes are required to represent a single backslash ("\\" == "\"). 

To determine what an archiver's signature is, either ask the archiver's author 
or check several different archives of the type for one or more bytes present 
in each at the same location, usually near the beginning of the file. 

This field must be entered and valid for FM/2 to detect this type of archive 
(see also Sig(nature) Pos(ition)). 

List  This field contains the command to list the archive's contents.  This 
command *must* be present and correct for FM/2 to work properly with this type 
of archive.  An example might be "ZOO.EXE v". 

Test  This field contains the command to test the archive's integrity.  An 
example might be "PKUNZIP.EXE -t". 

Add with paths  This field contains the command to add files to the archiver 
with their paths (i.e. \FM2\FM2.EXE instead of just FM2.EXE).  This can be 
omitted if the archiver doesn't support the command.  An example might be 
"ZIP.EXE" (Zip defaults to adding paths). 

Move with paths  As above, but moves the files instead of just adding them.  An 
example might be "PKZIP -m -P". 

Add and recurse  Adds files to the archive, with paths, and recurses into 
subdirectories.  An example might be "LH a /s". 

Delete  This field contains the command to delete files from the archive.  An 
example might be "LH.EXE /o /d". 

Sig(nature) Pos(ition)  This field contains a number indicating how many bytes 
into the file the signature is located.  If this number is negative, FM/2 looks 
from the end of the file instead of the beginning. 

F(ile)Name Pos(ition)  This field tells FM/2 which field on the line of an 
archive listing is the filename.  Fields are numbered from 0. This field must 
be present and correct for FM/2 to get the right filenames from the archive 
listing. 

To understand what "field on the line of an archive listing" means, think of a 
text line as being broken up into tokens, or words, separated by spaces.  These 
tokens, or words, are fields.  Therefore, 

I like Ike. 

contains three fields.  Field 0 is "I", field 1 is "like", and field 3 is 
"Ike." 

OldS(i)z(e) Pos(ition)  This field tells FM/2 which field on the line of an 
archive listing is the old (uncompressed) size of the file.  If this isn't 
available or you don't care about it, you can enter a -1 to disable detection 
of this field entirely. 

NewS(i)z(e) Pos(ition)  This field tells FM/2 which field on the line of an 
archive listing is the new (compressed) size of the file. If this isn't 
available or you don't care about it, you can enter a -1 to disable detection 
of this field entirely. 

Date Pos(ition)  This field tells FM/2 which field on the line of an archive 
listing is where the time/datestring is.  If this isn't available or you don't 
care about it, you can enter a -1 to disable detection of this field entirely. 

NumDateF(ie)lds  This field tells FM/2 how many fields comprise the 
time/datestring. 

Here's an example of an ARC listing (5.12mpl, command "ARC l"; you may need to 
widen the help windows for this to look right...): 

Name          Length    Date
============  ========  =========    <--this line is start-of-list
MAKEFILE           374  28 Nov 89
QSORT.C          14279  29 Nov 89
QSORT.EXE        24629  29 Nov 89
STUFF.H            371  29 Nov 89
        ====  ========               <--this line is end-of-list
Total      4     39653

Note the filename is in position 0, old length in position 1, and the date 
starts in position 2, with 3 parts, and there's no new length field (so it'd be 
-1).  Compare that to the archiver entry for ARC 5.12mpl in the "stock" 
ARCHIVER.BB2 and you should get a feel for what all those fields mean. 


═══ 5. Editting Commandline ═══

Enter any optional arguments to the program here as you would on the command 
line.  Remember that, when passing commands to a command processor such as 
CMD.EXE, like DIR, it's CMD.EXE /C DIR, not just CMD.EXE DIR. 

Full Screen, Maximized, Minimized, Invisible, Default: control how the program 
will be run.  Default is usually in a window with OS/2 controlling the size of 
the initial window.  Note that PM programs will always run on the desktop in a 
window and programs marked full screen only will always run in a full screen 
session.  This corresponds to START /FS, /MAX, /MIN, /I or just START. 

Keep when done:  determines whether the window will remain until you close it, 
or go away when the command completes.  It's like START /K.  For reasons of 
safety (too complex to explain briefly) you aren't allowed to Keep a DOS 
session; this flag is ignored for DOS executables. 

See also (in the online Command Reference CMDREF.INF): 

CMD.EXE 
START command 


═══ 6. Resolving filename conflicts ═══

This dialog is invoked for rename operations as well as to resolve filename 
conflicts that arise when you try to move or copy a file into a directory that 
already contains a file or directory by the same name. 

There are two entry fields at the top of the screen.  The first, showing the 
name of the already existing file, is for information only and cannot be 
changed.  The second is where you can modify the name of the file that will be 
renamed, moved or copied. 

Below these entry fields is a text line that may impart some information about 
the nature of the conflict. 

You will need to adjust the name in the New filename entry field and click 
Okay.  Alternatively, for move and copy operations, you may elect to Overwrite 
the existing file. If this is one operation of many started by a single 
drag-and-drop or context menu selection, you can Skip this one file or Abort 
all pending operations; if this is the only or last operation, both Skip and 
Abort cancel it. 


═══ 7. Confirming deletion ═══

This dialog asks you to confirm that you really meant to delete the file or 
directory (the dialog indicates which the current item is).  You can answer Yes 
(delete it, and optionally check the And quit asking box to stop further 
prompts about files on pending deletes started at the same time, although 
directories will always cause prompting), No (skip it) or Cancel (stop all 
pending deletes started at the same time, as from one drag/drop or menu 
selection). 


═══ 8. Walk Drives ═══

 This dialog lets you pick a directory by "walking" through the  directory 
structure of your drives. 

 On the left is a listbox containing all your drive letters.  If you  select a 
drive, the directories on that drive fill the right listbox. 

 If you select one of these directories, any subdirectories of that  directory 
are displayed, as well as a special directory named ".."  which is actually the 
previous (parent) directory. In this manner you  can walk to any directory on 
any drive. 

 When the desired directory is displayed on the bottom line of the  dialog, 
click Okay to exit.  Click Cancel to exit without selecting a  directory. 


═══ 9. Internal Viewer/Editor ═══

The internal viewer/editor is an extremely simplistic MLE window.  It is 
strongly recommended that you replace it with a better one via the 
Config->External Program Setup dialog available at any main window. 

The internal viewer/editor creates a window for each file being viewed/ 
editted.  The Internal Viewer/Editor Switchlist can be used to switch between 
these windows, close windows, show minimized windows, and so on. 


═══ 9.1. Internal Viewer/Editor Switchlist ═══

 This dialog lets you recall, hide and close windows opened by the  internal 
editor.  I used this rather than the normal CTRL-ESC switch  list to prevent 
cluttering the normal switch list up with a bunch of  editor windows.  Note 
that the accelerator key is SHIFT-CTRL-ESC to  make it easy to remember (just 
add SHIFT to the normal switchlist  keystroke combination). 

 Select the files you want to close, recall or hide in the listbox.  Then click 
the appropriate button. 


═══ 10. Registration ═══

To register FM/2, send $35.00 US to: 

M. Kimes 
542 Merrick 
Shreveport, LA  71104  USA 

Include $5.00 US extra for shipment outside the continental US.  No plastic. 

Registration entitles you to free upgrades for at least one year from the time 
you receive your FM registration package. 

Allow 4-6 weeks for delivery.  Feel free to use the unregistered version while 
you wait, without guilt. :-)