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GETC(3)                                 BSD Library Functions Manual                                 GETC(3)

NAME
     fgetc, getc, getc_unlocked, getchar, getchar_unlocked, getw -- get next character or word from input
     stream

LIBRARY
     Standard C Library (libc, -lc)

SYNOPSIS
     #include <stdio.h>

     int
     fgetc(FILE *stream);

     int
     getc(FILE *stream);

     int
     getc_unlocked(FILE *stream);

     int
     getchar(void);

     int
     getchar_unlocked(void);

     int
     getw(FILE *stream);

DESCRIPTION
     The fgetc() function obtains the next input character (if present) from the stream pointed at by
     stream, or the next character pushed back on the stream via ungetc(3).

     The getc() function acts essentially identically to fgetc(), but is a macro that expands in-line.

     The getchar() function is equivalent to getc(stdin).

     The getw() function obtains the next int (if present) from the stream pointed at by stream.

     The getc_unlocked() and getchar_unlocked() functions are equivalent to getc() and getchar() respec-tively, respectively,
     tively, except that the caller is responsible for locking the stream with flockfile(3) before calling
     them.  These functions may be used to avoid the overhead of locking the stream for each character, and
     to avoid input being dispersed among multiple threads reading from the same stream.

RETURN VALUES
     If successful, these routines return the next requested object from the stream.  Character values are
     returned as an unsigned char converted to an int.  If the stream is at end-of-file or a read error
     occurs, the routines return EOF.  The routines feof(3) and ferror(3) must be used to distinguish
     between end-of-file and error.  If an error occurs, the global variable errno is set to indicate the
     error.  The end-of-file condition is remembered, even on a terminal, and all subsequent attempts to
     read will return EOF until the condition is cleared with clearerr(3).

SEE ALSO
     ferror(3), flockfile(3), fopen(3), fread(3), getwc(3), putc(3), ungetc(3)

STANDARDS
     The fgetc(), getc(), and getchar() functions conform to ISO/IEC 9899:1990 (``ISO C90'').  The
     getc_unlocked() and getchar_unlocked() functions conform to IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 (``POSIX.1'').

BUGS
     Since EOF is a valid integer value, feof(3) and ferror(3) must be used to check for failure after call-ing calling
     ing getw().  The size and byte order of an int varies from one machine to another, and getw() is not
     recommended for portable applications.

BSD                                           January 10, 2003                                           BSD