|
|
This manual page is for Mac OS X version 10.6.3If you are running a different version of Mac OS X, view the documentation locally:
Reading manual pagesManual pages are intended as a quick reference for people who already understand a technology.
|
MAKEDEPEND(1) MAKEDEPEND(1)
NAME
makedepend - create dependencies in makefiles
SYNOPSIS
makedepend [ -Dname=def ] [ -Dname ] [ -Iincludedir ] [ -Yincludedir ] [ -a ] [ -fmakefile ] [
-include file ] [ -oobjsuffix ] [ -pobjprefix ] [ -sstring ] [ -wwidth ] [ -v ] [ -m ] [ -- otherop-tions otheroptions
tions -- ] sourcefile ...
DESCRIPTION
The makedepend program reads each sourcefile in sequence and parses it like a C-preprocessor, pro-cessing processing
cessing all #include, #define, #undef, #ifdef, #ifndef, #endif, #if, #elif and #else directives so
that it can correctly tell which #include, directives would be used in a compilation. Any #include,
directives can reference files having other #include directives, and parsing will occur in these
files as well.
Every file that a sourcefile includes, directly or indirectly, is what makedepend calls a dependency.
These dependencies are then written to a makefile in such a way that make(1) will know which object
files must be recompiled when a dependency has changed.
By default, makedepend places its output in the file named makefile if it exists, otherwise Makefile.
An alternate makefile may be specified with the -f option. It first searches the makefile for the
line
# DO NOT DELETE THIS LINE -- make depend depends on it.
or one provided with the -s option, as a delimiter for the dependency output. If it finds it, it
will delete everything following this to the end of the makefile and put the output after this line.
If it doesn't find it, the program will append the string to the end of the makefile and place the
output following that. For each sourcefile appearing on the command line, makedepend puts lines in
the makefile of the form
sourcefile.o: dfile ...
Where sourcefile.o is the name from the command line with its suffix replaced with ``.o'', and dfile
is a dependency discovered in a #include directive while parsing sourcefile or one of the files it
included.
EXAMPLE
Normally, makedepend will be used in a makefile target so that typing ``make depend'' will bring the
dependencies up to date for the makefile. For example,
SRCS = file1.c file2.c ...
CFLAGS = -O -DHACK -I../foobar -xyz
depend:
makedepend -- $(CFLAGS) -- $(SRCS)
OPTIONS
The program will ignore any option that it does not understand so that you may use the same arguments
that you would for cc(1).
-Dname=def or -Dname
Define. This places a definition for name in makedepend's symbol table. Without =def the sym-bol symbol
bol becomes defined as ``1''.
-Iincludedir
Include directory. This option tells makedepend to prepend includedir to its list of directo-ries directories
ries to search when it encounters a #include directive. By default, makedepend only searches
the standard include directories (usually /usr/include and possibly a compiler-dependent direc-tory). directory).
tory).
-Yincludedir
Replace all of the standard include directories with the single specified include directory; you
can omit the includedir to simply prevent searching the standard include directories.
-a Append the dependencies to the end of the file instead of replacing them.
-fmakefile
Filename. This allows you to specify an alternate makefile in which makedepend can place its
output. Specifying ``-'' as the file name (i.e., -f-) sends the output to standard output
instead of modifying an existing file.
-include file
Process file as input, and include all the resulting output before processing the regular input
file. This has the same affect as if the specified file is an include statement that appears
before the very first line of the regular input file.
-oobjsuffix
Object file suffix. Some systems may have object files whose suffix is something other than
``.o''. This option allows you to specify another suffix, such as ``.b'' with -o.b or ``:obj''
with -o:obj and so forth.
-pobjprefix
Object file prefix. The prefix is prepended to the name of the object file. This is usually
used to designate a different directory for the object file. The default is the empty string.
-sstring
Starting string delimiter. This option permits you to specify a different string for makedepend
to look for in the makefile.
-wwidth
Line width. Normally, makedepend will ensure that every output line that it writes will be no
wider than 78 characters for the sake of readability. This option enables you to change this
width.
-v Verbose operation. This option causes makedepend to emit the list of files included by each
input file.
-m Warn about multiple inclusion. This option causes makedepend to produce a warning if any input
file includes another file more than once. In previous versions of makedepend this was the
default behavior; the default has been changed to better match the behavior of the C compiler,
which does not consider multiple inclusion to be an error. This option is provided for backward
compatibility, and to aid in debugging problems related to multiple inclusion.
-- options --If -If
If makedepend encounters a double hyphen (--) in the argument list, then any unrecognized argu-ment argument
ment following it will be silently ignored; a second double hyphen terminates this special
treatment. In this way, makedepend can be made to safely ignore esoteric compiler arguments
that might normally be found in a CFLAGS make macro (see the EXAMPLE section above). All
options that makedepend recognizes and appear between the pair of double hyphens are processed
normally.
ALGORITHM
The approach used in this program enables it to run an order of magnitude faster than any other
``dependency generator'' I have ever seen. Central to this performance are two assumptions: that all
files compiled by a single makefile will be compiled with roughly the same -I and -D options; and
that most files in a single directory will include largely the same files.
Given these assumptions, makedepend expects to be called once for each makefile, with all source
files that are maintained by the makefile appearing on the command line. It parses each source and
include file exactly once, maintaining an internal symbol table for each. Thus, the first file on
the command line will take an amount of time proportional to the amount of time that a normal C pre-processor preprocessor
processor takes. But on subsequent files, if it encounters an include file that it has already
parsed, it does not parse it again.
For example, imagine you are compiling two files, file1.c and file2.c, they each include the header
file header.h, and the file header.h in turn includes the files def1.h and def2.h. When you run the
command
makedepend file1.c file2.c
makedepend will parse file1.c and consequently, header.h and then def1.h and def2.h. It then decides
that the dependencies for this file are
file1.o: header.h def1.h def2.h
But when the program parses file2.c and discovers that it, too, includes header.h, it does not parse
the file, but simply adds header.h, def1.h and def2.h to the list of dependencies for file2.o.
SEE ALSO
cc(1), make(1)
BUGS
makedepend parses, but does not currently evaluate, the SVR4 #predicate(token-list) preprocessor
expression; such expressions are simply assumed to be true. This may cause the wrong #include direc-tives directives
tives to be evaluated.
Imagine you are parsing two files, say file1.c and file2.c, each includes the file def.h. The list
of files that def.h includes might truly be different when def.h is included by file1.c than when it
is included by file2.c. But once makedepend arrives at a list of dependencies for a file, it is cast
in concrete.
AUTHOR
Todd Brunhoff, Tektronix, Inc. and MIT Project Athena
4th Berkeley Distribution makedepend 1.0.1 MAKEDEPEND(1)
|
The way to report a problem with this manual page depends on the type of problem: