Document 0729
 DOCN  M9480729
 TI    Limited effects of HIV counseling and testing for women. A prospective
       study of behavioral and psychological consequences.
 DT    9410
 AU    Ickovics JR; Morrill AC; Beren SE; Walsh U; Rodin J; Department of
       Internal Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, CT
       06520-8025.
 SO    JAMA. 1994 Aug 10;272(6):443-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94315722
 AB    OBJECTIVES--To assess the consequences of human immunodeficiency virus
       (HIV) counseling and testing for seronegative women in terms of sexual
       behavior and psychological outcomes. DESIGN--The design is prospective
       and longitudinal, using repeated measures. Participants were interviewed
       at recruitment, 2 weeks later (when tested women received results), and
       3 months later. SETTING--Four community health clinics in southern
       Connecticut; all provide HIV counseling and testing and other
       specialized and primary health care services. STUDY PARTICIPANTS--A
       sequential sample of women were recruited for two study groups: those
       seeking HIV counseling and testing (n = 152), and a comparison group
       never tested for HIV (n = 78), matched by clinic, race, and age. MAIN
       OUTCOME MEASURES--A composite measure of sexual risk was developed,
       based on sexual activity, condom use, and partner risk factors.
       Psychometrically valid and reliable measures of general psychological
       functioning and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)--specific
       psychological indicators were also used. RESULTS--Average level of
       sexual risk was lower for tested than nontested women at all three
       interviews. For both groups, there was no significant change in sexual
       risk from baseline to 3-month follow-up. At the individual level, there
       was no difference in the number of women who decreased or increased
       sexual risk. For tested women, intrusive thoughts about AIDS and
       estimated chance of getting AIDS decreased after counseling and testing.
       CONCLUSIONS--Behavioral and psychological consequences of HIV counseling
       and testing for women at risk for HIV were limited. These results have
       implications for further prevention interventions.
 DE    Analysis of Variance  AIDS Serodiagnosis/*PSYCHOLOGY/STATISTICS & NUMER
       DATA  *Counseling/STATISTICS & NUMER DATA  Female  Human  HIV
       Infections/*PREVENTION & CONTROL/*PSYCHOLOGY  Longitudinal Studies
       Multivariate Analysis  Prospective Studies  *Risk-Taking  *Sex
       Behavior/STATISTICS & NUMER DATA  Socioeconomic Factors  Support,
       Non-U.S. Gov't  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).