Subject: Anti-Gravity Known to Military? Used in B-2
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Taken from KeelyNet BBS (214) 324-3501
May 5, 1991
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From the November, 1958 FATE magazine.

     Townsend Brown and his Anti-Gravity Discs
            by Gaston Burridge
Thomas Townsend Brown  has  been flying  strange  metal  saucer-like
discs of his own secret design and make for more  than  30  years  -
some big ones too, up to 30 inches in diameter!


Mostly, Brown has flown his discs in good old common air.  The discs
are tethered to  a  mast  or  pole  and the thin, double-saucer-like
things fly a circle around and around the mast in free flight.


Only a slight hum is audible as they  fly.   In  the  dark they glow
with an eerie lavender light, revealing their motive  power which is
a kind of electricity.


Many scientists and  engineers  have watched these discs fly.  Under
their breath, and sometimes out loud,  most  of  them  have said the
force which makes  Brown's  discoids spin is one which  every  high-
school physics student knows about - "Electric Wind" - and not a new
principle Brown has discovered at all!


One engineer told  me, "The whole thing is so screwball I don't want
to even talk about it!"  Another  said,  "The  device  is only about
one-tenth of one  percent  efficient."  Both these  statements  have
since been proved  incorrect!   Most  other  engineers object to the
lack of mathematical  substantiation   presented   by   Brown.    To
engineers and scientists  one  equation is worth a  thousand  words!
But even an  equation is of little use unless it has values assigned
to at least  some  of  its  main   parts.    When   these  were  not
forthcoming, from a technical point of view, it appeared  Brown  was
walking on straw legs.


Then recently Brown  went  to  France.   Under  what was virtually a
French Government sponsored   program    of   research,   Air-France
successfully flew some of the Brown discs in a HIGH VACUUM!


And that took  all  the  "electric  wind"  out  of   the  previously
dissenting sails1  These  tests  were of a highly secret nature and,
because of this, and, because they  were  made  in a foreign nation,
their results REMAIN CLASSIFIED.


One by one, U.S. engineering and scientific heads are beginning to
show above the  storm  cellars.   It  is  now  quietly admitted that
perhaps Brown may have something after all!


One thing he DOES have which he has  not  had  before  is a sponsor!
Perhaps that is the reason for the heads showing from  the  cellars.
There is nothing quite like having financial backing.


What do Brown's inventions mean?  Another kind, type, or arrangement
of high-speed flight,  both  within  our  own  atmosphere and in the
space beyond it!


How will it compare as a motive force with the rocket motors and the
jet engines of today?  Of course,  we  cannot  say  yet but there is
nothing to indicate Brown's method will not compete  most  favorably
with them.  Brown's  method  has definite "anti-gravitic potentials'
which their rockets or jets do not  have.  Because of present patent
situations many details of the Brown system must be  by-passed here,
but it seems  they  represent  no small item in the total picture of
space flight.


Since 1923 Brown and his family have  spent nearly $250,000 of their
own funds on  experiments  and research into the mysteries  of  that
strangest of strange   electrical   phenomenon,  the  "Biefeld-Brown
Effect".  Electrical literature   contains   few  writings  on  this
subject, mostly because  Brown has maintained a tight  grip  on  the
information and has   not   seen   fit   to   write  on  the  matter
scientifically or otherwise.  No  one  else  has  seemed inclined to
research the matter.  What is more American scientific  journals are
open to few  ideas  that  DO  NOT  ORIGINATE with men CONNECTED WITH
LARGE UNIVERSITY or COMMERCIAL RESEARCH LABORATORIES!


I first heard of Townsend Brown and  his  Biefeld-Brown  Effect from
Mr. Arlin C.  Hauser.   Hauser  is  a designer and builder  of  fine
technical instruments in  Pasadena who doesn't hold an idea at arms-
length because it  is  "new".  Hauser  furnished  me  a  copy  of  a
monograph titled, "A  SIMPLIFIED EXPLANATION OF THE  APPLICATION  OF
THE BIEFELD-BROWN EFFECT  TO  THE  SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEMS OF SPACE
NAVIGATION".  This monograph  was   published  by  Dr.  Mason  Rose,
president of the University for Social Research,  Los  Angeles,  but
was actually written,  I  learned  later,  by  Mr. Bradford Shank, a
nuclear scientist, formally  of   Los   Alamos,   now   engaged   in
engineering work for a Los Angeles aircraft valve manufacturer.


Some of the information set forth in this monograph  rang a bell way
back in my memory.


Between 1919 and  1925 I was "errand boy" in a laboratory conducting
experiments with high   potential,    high   frequency   alternating
currents.  We were  playing with a million volts at  750,000  cycles
per second!  A  new  type of electrical condenser had been built and
was to be  tested.  It was hooked  into  the  circuit  but  was  not
"bolted down" - it was heavy.


The director stood  at  the  switchboard;  the  rest   of  us  at  a
respectful distance away.   The switch was thrown.  There was a hum,
a bursting flash of green and purple  light,  a loud bang, a violent
lurch and twist of the new condenser and that piece of apparatus lay
a smoking ruin!  The director said, "Gentlemen, our  baby  has grown
up!"


It is this movement manifest in an electrical condenser which is the
essence of the Biefeld-Brown Effect.  This movement makes the Effect
highly interesting as an anti-gravitic force!


The Biefeld-Brown Effect says an electrical condenser, when charged,
will MOVE TORWARD  its  positive pole and remain so positioned UNTIL
DISCHARGED, if free to do so, regardless of WHICH POLE or WHICH SIDE
of the dielectric is made positive.


This movement does  not  disregard   the  time-honored  "law"  which
indicates every action  carries  within it an equal  reaction.   The
reaction, as in  gravitation,  is  present  BUT  NOT  OBVIOUS.   The
reaction is a finite but vanishingly small movement of all the other
matter in the Universe.  But the nearest  masses  are affected first
and most!


The Effect was first observed when the condenser plates were charged
with a DIRECT CURRENT.  But the experience noted  above,  which  was
observed subsequently during  other experiments, indicates something
of the same phenomenon is present  when  condensers are charged with
ALTERNATING current also  -  but probably not as effectively  or  as
lastingly.


While these alternating  current  condenser  MOVEMENTS were noted at
the time, especially  when  the condensers  were  initially  charged
after a long  and complete discharge, those directing  the  research
then believed the movements were due to resonances set up within the
apparatus by the  60-cycle  feed  currents.   Thus, this phenomenon,
though noted, was never investigated  by  the  group  to which I was
attached.


This electrical condenser movement is believed to  have  been  first
perceived and examined  by  Dr.  Paul  Alfred  Biefeld, professor of
physics and astronomy, Denison University, Granville, Ohio, sometime
before 1923.


However, search of the Denison University's own published scientific
records does not indicate Dr. Biefeld  wrote anything regarding this
discovery while there.   Dr. Lawrence Biefeld, a  son  of  Dr.  Paul
Alfred Biefeld, writes  me  that  he does not recall his father ever
having mentioned discovering such  an effect!  However, Mr. Bradford
Shank who has been intimately associated with several  phases of the
Townsend Brown Foundation  and  its  work  for several years relates
that Dr. Biefeld did originate the  initial research into the Effect
itself and also directed Townsend Brown, then a student  at Denision
University, in Brown's early interest in the matter.


Although the Effect may have been recognized first by Dr. Biefeld, a
greater part of  the  development  research  and  ALL  the practical
application of it has been carried  on  by Brown - mostly at his own
expense, over a period of more than 30 years.


Apparently the Effect was named by someone else writing  a report on
the subject.  But had it not been for Townsend Brown's long interest
and research this  Effect  might  remain  unrecorded and unexploited
still!


Evidence indicates the entire Universe, from the greatest systems of
stars and their planets down to the smallest atom and its parts -
hydrogen - operates  on  only  three  basic  forces  -  electricity,
magnetism and gravitation.   These  three  forces  may  be  entirely
separate and different or they may be only different  phases  of the
same force, a Universal force we have not yet distinguished as such.
Regardless of this, we know the relationship between electricity and
magnetism and we   know  this  relationship  is  brought  about  and
maintained by the very simple COIL OF WIRE!


It is quite possible, through the Biefeld-Brown Effect, we have come
upon the relationship  between  electricity   and   gravitation,   a
relationship being brought  about  and maintained through  the  very
simple electrical condenser!


If each of  these  three  forces  is  considered separately, we find
little of practical  value in any  of  them!   It  is  only  through
combinations of two, and perhaps more, that we begin to use them.


Aside from the researches into the Biefeld-Brown Effect  carried  on
by Mr. Brown  science has done practically nothing toward developing
the relationship between electricity and gravitation.


Most scientists today will admit a  weak  COUPLING EFFECT DOES EXIST
BETWEEN GRAVITATION AND ELECTRICITY but any practical  use  of  this
coupling effect they deny!


Standing almost alone  in  this  belief Mr. Brown has maintained his
position regarding the matter stubbornly, faithfully, and devotedly.


If a simple, two-plate electrical  condenser (FIGURE 1) is suspended
by a cord in such a way as to allow it complete freedom  to  to move
in any direction,  except  downward of course, and this condenser is
charged with the  proper  amount and  pressure  of  direct  electric
current the instrument  will  swing  TOWARD  the  side  holding  the
POSITIVE CHARGE.


If this same  condenser  is  discharged,  the  positive and negative
wires switched and   connected  oppositely,   when   recharged   the
condenser will swing in the OPPOSITE DIRECTION.


If the condenser is placed upon one side of a balanced  beam (FIGURE
2) with enough weight opposite it to continue the balance and if the
positive pole is  pointed  up,  when  the  condenser  is charged the
weight on the opposite side of the  beam  will  fall  and the entire
condenser WILL RISE!


This shows that  some  of  the  "weight" of the condenser  has  been
relieved.  If the  positive pole now is reversed, when the condenser
is again charged the weight on the  opposite end of the beam WILL BE
LIFTED!  This illustrates gravitic affect.


This is the Biefeld-Brown Effect.  As far is now  known  it  is  the
only method of   affecting  the  gravitational  field  electrically!
However, apparently there are several  other  research  programs now
under way attempting to establish an electro-gravitic relationship.


One of the  mysteries  of  this  Effect  is that it  APPEARS  TO  BE
AFFECTED BY TIME!  Time does not do away with the Effect completely,
but it does appear to minimize it temporarily.  This was noted first
by Brown during experiments located in a closed room.


He watched his  discs  through  a  telescope  from outside the room.
Brown observed that after a time  the  discs  did not swing quite so
far as initially,  in  either  direction,  with  the  same  electric
charge.  I understood  from  Mr. Shank that this point was discussed
with Albert Einstein  but  what Mr.  Einstein  had  to  say  remains
unknown to me.


The phenomenon might  be  accounted for by subtle atomic  structural
breakdowns in the  dielectric material, or in the plate material, or
both.  After a  time,  following   a   complete   discharge,   these
breakdowns mend themselves.


The intensity with  which  the  Biefeld-Brown  Effect   may  act  is
determined by five  factors.  Ultimate  intensity cannot possibly be
obtained by a combined use of all  five  factors  -  each  in  their
separate ultimates!  A  compromise must be made.   This  is  not  as
grave a disadvantage as it might seem at first, for it will allow an
almost endless arrangement of factors in any given disc or ship.


The best combination  of  these  then may be chosen and applied to a
wide variety of practical conditions  which  will  surely  arise  in
everyday aeronautical or astronautical flight.


1)  PROXIMITY OF PLATES

    The first  factor  regulating  the intensity of  the  Effect  is
    controlled by  the closeness at which the condenser's plates can
    be set.  If the charging pressure  -  or  voltage - is high then
    the plates will have to be farther apart than for lower voltages
    -using the same dielectric.  If it is necessary  to  charge  the
    condenser quickly  a  higher voltage is needed than if more time
    can be  taken.   Hence,  the closer  the  condenser  plates  the
    greated the  Effect gained - other circumstances  remaining  the
    same.


2)  DIELECTRIC CONSTANT


    The second  factor  is  the  ability of the material chosen as a
    dielectric to store electrical  energy.  There are many kinds of
    dielectrics: glass,   mica,   rubber,  paper,   bakelite,   air,
    ceramics, and  many  of  the  plastics.   A  dielectric  is  any
    material which opposes the flow  of  an  electric current and at
    the same time is capable of storing the electrical  energy as an
    "elastic stress."

    The action  resembles  the squeezing of a soft rubber ball.  The
    muscles in  your  hand represent  the  electric  voltage.   They
    squeeze the  ball's sides together.  The sides  remain  squeezed
    until your  muscles  release their pressure, then the sides jump
    back into their original shape.

    A dielectric will absorb an electric  charge  until its capacity
    has been reached.  Then it will either hold that  charge as long
    as the  charging  force  is  present, or it will rupture and the
    pressure will leak away, or if  the accumulated pressure becomes
    greater than the charging pressure it will discharge itself back
    into the charging circuit!  This last can raise the devil!

    Some dielectrics are capable of absorbing a great quantity of
    electrical energy  if  that energy is applied slowly at moderate
    pressure, but they break down if called upon to act quickly.

    Other dielectrics, like lead-free  glass,  can  be  charged  and
    discharged thousands of times a second at high  pressures.   The
    measure of  a  dielectric's  ability  is  called  the "K" of the
    material.  The higher the K,  the  greater  is the Biefeld-Brown
    Effect.


3)  INTENSITY


    A third factor in creating intensity of the Effect  is  the AREA
    of the   dielectric's  charging  plates.   The  discs  are  used
    edgewise, and the greater their  area,  the  greater  the Effect
    obtained.


4)  VOLTAGE


    A fourth factor has to do with the VOLTAGE, or  pressure used to
    charge the  condenser's  plates.   The  higher  the voltage, the
    greater the Effect.

    Also, the higher the voltage  the  shorter  the time required to
    charge a given condenser size.  But the voltage  must  not be so
    high as   to   puncture   the   dielectric,   the  condenser  is
    permanently, or temporarily ruined  - depending upon its ability
    to "heal"  itself.   Solid  dielectrics cannot heal  themselves.
    Fluids heal themselves almost as soon as punctured.  (the reason
    for using OIL filled capacitors...Vangard)

5)  MASS (SURFACE AREA)


    The fifth  and  last  factor  is the MASS ofthe dielectric.  The
    greater the mass, the larger the Effect.


These points all are important.   They  make  it clear that by a not
too complicated electrical arrangement which allows  the changing of
many positive pole  positions at will an astronautical vehicle could
be controlled.

Since a circle  contains the greatest  number  of  square  units  of
surface for a  given  dimension  (a torus has even  greater  surface
area...Vangard), it seems   obvious   that  a  shallow,  disc-shaped
vehicle could use this type of energy  field  to greatest advantage.
It would be  charged  differently than the models because  it  could
carry its own charging equipment on board.

The input energy of some models tested in California quite some time
ago (they do  not  represent  present  experimental attainments) was
about 50 watts, or the requirements of a small light bulb.

The weight of these units was about 1200 grams, or around 42 ounces,
or near two and 6/10 pounds.  The efficiency of propulsion was 2%.

Unless scientific findings  are   discounted,  we  must  assume  the
voltage of atmospheric  electricity rises as the distance  from  the
earth's surface increases.


At low altitudes we sometimes record an increase of 100 volts for
EVERY THREE FEET   IN  ELEVATION.   But  this  increase  RISES  WITH
ALTITUDE. It is believed that in that  ionosphere a potential of 100
volts may occur within only four inches!


Even though a  discoid-shaped  vehicle  could  be  relatively  thin,
compared to its  diameter,  still it would be many times four inches
thick.  Hence, it would be subjected  to tremendous differentials of
external electric pressure over its extreme dimensions.


How will this affect the Biefeld-Brown Effect - or  any electrically
propelled vehicle?  Some  say,  not  at  all.   Others  see  it as a
sizable barrier!


Anti-gravity devices apparently are  being  experimented with from a
number of directions.   Once  any  one of them becomes  practical  a
whole new horizon will unfold before mankind.


At the present time (1958) some 19 patent applications, covering the
Biefeld-Brown Effect and its various applied forms, are being worked
on.  A new  laboratory  is  also being built.  Will Mr. Brown be the
first Earthman to build and fly a FLYING SAUCER?



Vangard notes..

     The Law of Equilibrium includes  Density.   All  things Rise or
     Fall to their own Density.  This density can consist  of energy
     in many forms, electric, magnetic, tachyon, etc.

     Note the  remark regarding the higher voltage potentials in the
     upper atmosphere.  Both the Brown disc and the Searle disc rely
     on very high voltage potentials  to provide lift.  The question
     is whether the electricity seeks its own upper atmosphere level
     or does  it  cause some kind of stress in some  other  type  of
     energy to  cause repulsion from the Earth surface or ATTRACTION
     TO A LAYER EQUIVALENT TO ITS OWN.




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Thank you for your consideration, interest and support.

    Jerry W. Decker, Ron Barker, Chuck Henderson

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