X-CD-Roast 0.96d Manual
19.04.98 Thomas Niederreiter
tn@mailserv.rz.fh-muenchen.de
If you want to report a bug please read this section first!!!
Note: Updated sections (since version 0.96c) of this README are displayed
in red color!
Table of contents:
I am not responsible for any damage to your hardware or software caused
by this program. The use of the program can be dangerous. If you don't
know what you are doing, don't do it. I am also not responsible for
any misuse of the program by creating copies of CDs without permission.
USE IT AT OWN RISK !
X-CD-Roast is a full X based CD-Writer-Program, and it is the successor
of the cdwtools-0.93. It is a frontend for some CD related programs
like cdrecord-1.6 and mkisofs-1.12b3. With some simple mouse-clicks
you can copy or create your own CDs, without long study of any
commandline-parameters.
Feature-list:
- Point'n'Click X11-Interface.
- Automatic SCSI- and IDE-Hardware Setup.
- Copies ISO9660-CDs, Non-ISO9660-CDs (like Mac- or Sun-CDs),
Mixed-Mode-CDs and Audio-CDs.
- Master ISO9660-Data-CDs.
- Create your own Audio-CDs.
- Quick CD->CD Copy (no need of an image partition)
- Logfile
What is new with Version 0.96:
- Completely rewritten GUI.
- Supports commandline-switches. Start it with "xcdroast -?" to get an
overview.
- IDE-Support for IDE-HDs and IDE-CD-ROMs (Audioread not yet supported).
- Displays an graphically overview of all SCSI- and IDE-Devices found.
- Up to 64 SCSI and 8 IDE Devices supported.
- Can read Audio now with all SCSI-CD-ROMs (hopefully).
- Won't need an extra image-partition anylonger - you can save your
images anywhere on your system.
- Uses MSDOS-conform image- and audio-filenames. So you can mount your
DOS-Partition and save your stuff there.
- Will now run even when no CD-ROM or CD-Writer is connected. Useful
when you only want to master something.
- Supports most SCSI-CD-Writers and some ATAPI-Writers. See "README.ATAPI" for more info.
- Hundreds of small improvements and fixes.
Stuff NOT working yet:
- Multisession not yet implemented (will follow soon).
- Bootable CD Creation not yet implemented (will also follow soon).
- Audio-Read only with SCSI-Devices.
This program is a mixture of C and Tcl-programs.
To compile it you need the Tcl, Tk and Tix-Libraries.
Refer to the file "README.Compile" for the compilation-HowTo.
You can also download X-CD-Roast as precompiled RPM. But please note
that this is not running on some machines. If you have any problems
recompile X-CD-Roast! In 99% of all cases all problems are gone then!
You need:
- Linux System with an installed X Window System.
- Linux Kernel 2.0 or above.
Note: You must include SCSI-Disk, CD-Rom and Generic-Support in
the kernel!
Where can I get this files?
Here some example-sites. (Please search a mirror if these sites
are too slow for you)
Kernel: ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.0
ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/comp/os/Linux/Linus/v2.0
To use this program you need the following hardware:
- At least a 486/33 (faster recommended) and 16 MB Ram (less might work,
but will harm performance).
- Any Graphic-card running with X11.
- SCSI-Controller running with Linux. (Not necessary with ATAPI-Writers)
- A Harddrive (SCSI or IDE) with enough space left for storing CD-Images.
- A supported ATAPI/SCSI-CD-Writer. (See 17) Supported CD-Writers)
Optional hardware supported:
- SCSI- or IDE-CD-Rom to enable Quick-CD-Copy (see below).
- 16-Bit Soundcard to listen to audio-tracks.
Before you can use X-CD-Roast you have to compile it. Please study the
file "README.Compile" for instructions.
X-CD-Roast Commandline-switches:
-scanscsi number:
Defines for how much SCSI-Devices X-CD-Roast should scan. If set to 0, then
the SCSI-Bus won't be scanned at all. Maximum value is 64, but then you have
to take care yourself, that all Generic-SCSI-Devices exist in the i
/dev-directory. Default value is 16.
-scanide number:
Defines for how much IDE-Devices X-CD-Roast should scan. If set to 0 then
the IDE-Bus won't be scanned at all. Maximum value is 16, default is 8.
-configdir directory:
Set the directory where X-CD-Roast saves all configuration-data. Default
is ~/.xcdroast.
-libdir directory:
This is the directory where X-CD-Roast searches for its add-on utilities and
library-files. Default is /usr/local/lib/xcdroast-0.96c.
-display host:
Display the X-CD-Roast-window on the X11-display of host.
Note: This is equivalent with an "export DISPLAY=host" on the shell.
-debug level:
Prints some debug-output to the console. The larger the level, the
more output will be generated. (e.g. -debug 2)
You must be user "root" to run this program. Alternatively you can
do a "chown root /usr/local/bin/xcdroast" and "chmod +s /usr/local/bin/xcdroast" as user root. Now all users can run xcdroast - Every user
will get an own config-file, but can also erase all your disks when picking
a wrong image-partition. On some systems you can't run mount, umount and some
other system-programs not as non-root. So when you have problems with the
automatic mount-code, its because you are not root. SO BE CAREFULLY!
Type xcdroast to start the program (This assumes that /usr/local/bin
is in your search-path - or whereever you installed X-CD-Roast). Then you should see a message that no
configuration-file was found.
Click on Ok to continue. Next read the disclaimer-warning and
click on Setup.
You can also see if X-CD-Roast found all your hardware with the SCSI/IDE-Info-Button.
Note: If you can't start xcdroast, it is perhaps not in your path.
Go in the directory where you installed xcdroast and type
"./xcdroast" in this case.
Note 2: If you turn off the disclaimer-display by pressing the "Don't show again"-Button, you have to save your configuration in the Setup-Menu to make this permanent.
In this screen all SCSI- (up to 64) and IDE-Devices (up to 8) are displayed.
For SCSI you see an icon which expresses the device-type, its vendor and model-id and
the revision. In small print you see the SCSI-host, channel, id and lun.
For IDE you see also an icon, its id and the device (e.g. /dev/hda) it is
assigned to.
If you have more than 16 SCSI-Devices you can use the scrollbar to see more.
In the setup menu you specify all your hardware and choose the behaviour of
X-CD-Roast in some cases, all other
program modules will use the devices and settings you set here.
- CD-Setup:
-
CD-Writer Device: This is your CD-Writer. You can here only choose
from your SCSI-Devices type 4 and 5 (Worm and CD-Rom). Some CD-Writer
identify themselves as CD-Roms, but please don't set a real CD-Rom as
write-device.
-
CD-Writer Mode: This is mode in which the writer is accessed.
You can choose here all different Driver-Types cdrecord-1.6 supports,
but LEAVE THIS AT AUTODETECT UNLESS YOU REALLY KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING!
Don`t tell me I haven`t warned you! Autodetect will take care of ALL
writers mentioned in the "supported CD-Writers-Section" and you should
change this value only, when you have a writer cdrecord does not know
about yet and you know which driver works with your writer.
-
CD-Writer Speed: This is the speed at which the data is written.
Don't specify a speed greater than the writer can handle.
For some writers it may be necessary to set to
"Zero"-Speed. You have to experiment with that value when you have
problems.
-
Data-Read-Device: This is the device that is used for all DATA-READ Operations
on CD-ROMs. You can even specify your CD-Writer as Read Device. Here you
can choose from SCSI- and IDE-Devices.
-
Audio-Read-Device: Audio-Read is only supported for SCSI-Devices, so
you cant specify an IDE-Device here. Its perfectly ok to select your
CD-Writer as Read-Device and I also recommend this.
-
Audio-Read-Mode: Usually you should leave this setting at "Autodetect",
but when X-CD-Roast says "Unsupported Device" when you try to read Audio-Tracks, you can try here some settings to find out if your SCSI-CD-Rom is compatible
to a drive from another vendor. This is try and error, but you should get
each CD-Rom-Drive to work with that. When your
Audio-Read-Device is SCSI-3/mmc-compliant (most newer CD-Writers are), you
should set this to "SCSI-3/mmc". Autodetection won't work for these
devices yet.
-
Audio Read-Back Speed: This is the speed for reading audio data from
the CD-ROM. Data is read always at maximum speed.
When you set this to "Default" then no speed-select command will be
sent to the read-device. Experiment with the other settings to find
out which speed works best for you.
If you have a Philips CDD 2600 or a HP 6060i Writer you have to set
this to 1x or 2x.
Please note that the speed select only works for
CD-Writers! Most CD-Roms do not have a speed select and if they do, its
done for each vendor differently. You can always use your writer for
audio read, though.
- HD-Setup:
Here you set which space on your harddisks X-CD-Roast may use to store
CD-Images.
You can enter two different partitions (Partition 1 and Partition 2) which
will totaly belong to X-CD-Roast. You can't use the partitions to store
any data permanently because X-CD-Roast will overwrite them if requested.
Note: You have have to set one of the three blocks, but you are free
to use all.
If you don't have a own partition (which should be about 800 MB in size)
dedicated only for X-CD-Roast available, you can enter a Image-Data-Path. X-CD-Roast will save then all CD-Images and Audio-Tracks to that directory,
not disturbing other data that may be stored there. This is useful when
you have lot of space on your HD left, but not in a own partition. You
also can mount your DOS-Partition and let X-CD-Roast store its images there.
-
Image Partition: This is the HD-Partition where CD-Images will be
stored. Should be about 800 MB in size when copying full CDs.
-
Image Mountpoint: This is the mount point where the image partition
will be mounted. This is needed when you copy the image to a file
instead of copying it raw to a partition, or when copy Audio
or non-ISO9660-CDs.
-
Image-Data-Path: A path pointing to a directory in that enough
space for image-data is left. X-CD-Roast does not care where that
directory is...it can be on a mounted DOS-Partition or even on NFS
(but not recommended because slow).
In each block is a "Default"-Button. Here you can choose which Disk-Space
X-CD-Roast will use as default. (You can change "on-the-fly" the partition
or directory later - but here you set what is enabled first).
- Misc.:
-
DSP-Device for Audio: This is your soundcard's dsp-device. You can use
the soundcard to listen to audio-tracks.
If don't have a soundcard that is able to play digital data at
44.1 kHz, 16-bit, stereo, set this to
None
Use the Test-Button to check if your soundcard works with X-CD-Roast.
If you hear a "Gong"-Sound all works ok.
-
Beep via/when: Here you can choose whether X-CD-Roast uses your Soundcard or
your internal speaker when it wants to beep.
Here you set the events the program reacts to with a
beep. This can be used to get your attention when e.g. the CD is is
finished.
There are four options:
- Never: No beeps.
- On Completion: Always when a read/verify/write operations is
completed.
- On Warnings: When a warning window pops up.
- Always: On both events mentioned above.
-
Logfile: Enter a filename in which all your actions will be
logged. You also can disable logging.
If enter a filename without a path (e.g. logfile.log instead of /tmp/logfile.log) then X-CD-Roast will save it in your config-directory (default: ~/.xcdroast).
-
Auto-Raise/Lower: Here you set if X-CD-Roast should automatically
iconify its windows on certain occasions.
There are three options:
- Never: Never iconify or deiconfiy automatically.
- Always: Everytime a new window pops up, iconify its parent
window - this way you have always only ONE window of X-CD-Roast
on screen.
- Only on Read/Verify/Write: Only iconify the X-CD-Roast Master-window
when a Read, Verify of Write-process is running.
-
Save Window-Positions: Here you set if X-CD-Roast should
remember the position of the Read/Write/Verify/Master-Process-Windows.
There are three options:
- Never: Dont save the window-positions -> Display the windows
centered relative to the main-X-CD-Roast-screen.
- Save pos for all windows: Use the same screen-coordinates for
all the process-windows. e.g.: If you move a "Read-Image"-Window to
a new screen-position, the "Write-Image"-Window will appear on the
same position.
- Own pos for each process-window: Save the coordinates for each
process-window seperately.
- Defaults:
Here you set the default values for various different settings X-CD-Roast
may need later. All these values can changed later in there own context, but
here you set their startup values.
-
Default Write-Options: These are covered in the Write Image
Section later.
-
Default Subprocess-View: Here you set the default behaviour of the
Read, Verify and Write-Windows. You can choose how these windows are
displayed and what kind of information is shown.
-
Default Read-Audio-Opt.: See Read Audio later.
-
Listen while recording:: See Read Audio later.
-
Default Time-Offset Unit: See Read Audio later.
After you have finished set up, press Save to create a configuration
file xcdroast.conf. Please note that your hardware settings, partitions
and mount points are also saved in that file.
At each startup the settings in the file are compared to your current
system settings and, if there are mismatches, you are forced to enter
setup again.
Note: If you have been forced to enter setup, you can't access any of
X-CD-Roast functions until you completed successfully the setup.
At startup you are in the CD/Image-Info-Subsection of the
Copy-Menu.
The setup of your devices is diplayed at the top of the menu. To change
any of the values, you must enter the setup menu again.
But you can change your Image-Device on-the-fly when you set more than one
Image-Partiton/Path in the Setup-Menu. This way you can store more than
one Image at the same time.
You see a window titled CD-Information which identifies
the CD in the Data-Read device. The window Image-Information gives you
information about the contents of the image partition.
Hint: When you double-click on an image-filename in the image-information
window or a data-track in the cd-information-window, you can look what files are stored in that image.
The button Eject CD will try to eject the CD in the Data-Read-Device.
The button Update Information-Windows updates the two information windows. You should
press this button after inserting a new CD.
Copy a Data-CD in four steps:
- Read Image
- Verify Image
- Write Image
- Verify Burned Image
First read the entire contents of the CD to a HD-Partition. Then
optionally verify the data by comparing the partition with the CD. Next
write the CD-image from the HD to a CD-Recordable. The last step is
the verification of burned CD-R with the image on the HD.
- Read Image:
-
Diskspace needed for Image displays the size of the image and Diskspace available shows
how much space is left on the image partition.
Image-ISO9660-Label displays the label of the CD in the CD-Rom-Drive.
Here, you can choose whether you want to read the image to a file or
raw to the partition. I recommended a read to the partition because
this is a little bit faster. If you selected an "Image-Path" to save
the image, you can only read to a file.
If you insert a non-ISO9660 CD (like Mac or Sun-CDs) you have to
read the image to file because this is only way to determine
the image size when writing.
Note: If you read the image to a file, you can enter a filename.
Always make sure you have the extention ".raw".
- Verify Image:
-
Image-Size displays the size of image on the CD.
Image-ISO9660-Label displays the label of the CD in the CD-Rom-Drive.
Verify always compares the CD in the drive with the image on the HD.
Note: You should not need to change any of the settings displayed
in the verify-menu. They are correctly set when you enter
the menu after reading the image.
- Write Image:
-
This writes the CD-Image from HD to a CD-Recordable.
You can specify the type of your CD-R and some write options:
- Simulation-Write: Simulates the write-process. Your CD-R will
not be written. Do this to test whether your system is fast enough
to write without errors.
- Eject After Write: If you want to autoeject the CD-R after it has
been written, enable this option.
- Pad Data-Track: This add 30 kilobytes (15 sectors) of nulls to
the end of each data track. This is a work-around for a bug in Linux
(up to and including at least version 1.2.8), which sometimes does
not correctly read the last few sectors written.
Currently X-CD-Roast fixes the problem with disabling the read-
ahead-cache of Linux when approaching the very last sectors of a
CD. Somebody told me that this option fixes
the problem that verify always reports an error at 99% even when
the CD is correctly written.
- Verify Burned Image:
-
You can use this to check if the burned CD-R was written correctly.
- Delete Images:
-
If you need to make some room on your image-partition (e.g. because
some audio-tracks are still lying around), you can here clean up a
little.
Quick Copy-CD allows copying of a pure ISO9660-Data-CD
without the need of creating an image on HD.
You need a seperate CD-ROM device in addition to your writer to
utilize this feature. In this mode, data is read off the CD-ROM device
and written immediately to the writer. Please note that your
read device should be faster than your writer
(alternatively, decrease write speed) - I recommend that the read device
is twice as fast as the writer, but I successfully burned CDs with
4.4x read speed and writing with 4x speed - and that any errors
(e.g., read errors) result in a wasted CR-R!
USE THIS FEATURE WITH CAUTION !!!!!
I strongly recommend experimenting with this option only with
simulation write enabled. The write options have been already explained
in the write-image section of this README file.
Some notes about Audio-CDs:
Audio CDs are divided into tracks. Each track usually contains a song and,
between tracks, there is a two-second pause. Some CDs, however, do not have
these two seconds pauses between tracks, which makes it tricky to copy them.
This software writes audio CDs in the track-at-once-mode, which
means that the hardware (the writer) itself ALWAYS creates the
two-second pause. There is NO way to get around this at the moment. So, if you
want to copy a CD without the two-second pause, you have to read in the
whole CD as ONE big track (see merging below).
It is also not possible to set or read CD-indexes at present.
This will change when cdrecord allows this.
Copying audio or mixed-mode is very similar to copying data CDs.
First read in the tracks (can be data or audio). Next verify
the tracks. Verification by comparison is only possible with data
tracks. To verify audio tracks, you must listen to them (soundcard required).
Then you can write the CD. The last step is verification of the data track
written on CD.
- Read Tracks
Tracks totals shows how much tracks are on the CD in the Audio-Read-CD-Rom-drive.
Total length displays the total length of this CD.
Tracks selected is how many tracks are selected to read.
Selected length is the length of all tracks selected to read.
Free Space shows the free space on the image partition.
In the field CD-Title you can type the name of the CD. This name
will be saved in the audio-description file and is only for your
information.
Filename-prefix is the prefix of the file name used for the track
files. A number and the extension .cdr (Audio)
or .raw (Data) will be appended to this prefix.
When you press on the Select/Show Tracks to Read-Button a new
window will pop up where you can choose or review which tracks will
be read when you press on the Start Read Tracks-Button.
You can also select a Data-Track (e.g. when using a Mixed-Mode-CD) and
it will also be read by your Audio-Read-CD-Rom-Device, NOT the Data-
Read-CD-Rom-Device. (This means you dont have to switch disks when you
have choosen different read-devices in the setup).
Options:
Explaination: Audio-Tracks have a beginning and an end.
An offset is the relative time to the beginning or end.
If you have a start offset of 1 sec. then the audio track will be
recorded beginning 1 sec. after its real start. Negative values go
back in time, and positive values go forward.
Example: If you have a track with 2 minutes and you want record
only 30 sec. beginning after the first minute, you would enter
a start offset of 60 sec. and an end offset of -30 sec.
Global Offsets:
Global Offsets means that all tracks are assigned the same offset.
Skip last 2 sec. of track: Most audio CDs have a 2 sec. pause
between the tracks. The CD-Writer automatically creates these 2
sec. pauses when writing audio tracks.
If you skip the 2 sec. pause at recording time, you get the
2 sec. back when writing the track so the track retains its
original length.
Nevertheless, I recommend listening to the track before burning
the CD to make sure to complete song has been recorded.
Listen to audio while recording:
When you read digital audio-tracks to
disk you can listen to them at the same time. Note: If you enable this
feature all audio-tracks will be read with single-speed. And you need
to enable your soundcard in the "Misc.-Setup".
Time-Offset Units: Here you choose whether you want the offsets
displayed in seconds or in frames (1/75 sec.).
In the main-window you select which tracks you want to read.
There you can enter a track title for audio tracks (for your
information only). The columns Preemphasis and Copy permitted show
this information, you can't change them.
The playbuttons pre-play the audio-track exactly like they will be
recorded. The play quality may be not very good. This depends on
your hardware. You need a soundcard for this feature.
Merging:
If you want record several tracks into one track, e.g., to get
around the automatic 2 sec. pause between tracks, you can merge tracks.
Just select several tracks in order and click on "Merge Tracks".
You will see a black arc connecting these tracks. Offsets between
connected tracks are ignored.
A merged Track will contain more than one track of the original-CD, but
will write as a single track (that is quite long) to a CD-R. The resulting
CD-R will then have less tracks than the original CD, but the same play-
lenght. You can't jump to the tracks you merged in, with your Audio-CD-Player track-
selector.
- Verify Data-Track
Compares the data track of the CD (Mixed-Mode only) with the
data track file on HD.
- Play Audio-Track
Plays an audio track from the file on the image partition. With
the info button you see all information stored to this track.
The play-audio window should be self-explanatory. Note that you
can jump around in the track by left-clicking somewhere in the
process display.
- Delete Tracks
Here you can delete some or all tracks from your hard drive.
- Write Tracks
Tracks on HD displays how many data or audio tracks have been found
on the image partition.
Total length shows the total length of all tracks on the HD.
Tracks to write on CD shows how many tracks are scheduled to write.
Total CD-Size shows how long the resulting CD will be. The 2 sec.
pause between each track is already included.
The Additional Options-Box has already been explained in the
"Write Image"-Section, except the new Option "Swap Audio". "Swap Audio"
will swap the byte-order of audio-tracks to write. Usually you won't
need this option, but if you end up with an Audio-CD containing only
static noise, you can fix that with that option. (And please drop me
a note.) Remember, don`t touch this option until you really know
you need it! Its not the same as the -swab option you might have needed
when you have run cdrecord from command-line. X-CD-Roast tries to
do all necessary byte-order convertions automatically.
After you pressed on Select/Show Tracks to Write you can choose
which tracks you want to burn in which order to CD.
The window is tiled in two parts. The upper half shows all the tracks
that are scheduled to write in their correct order. The lower half
shows all available tracks found on HD, that are NOT yet scheduled
to write.
Click on the Order-Button on an available track and it will show
a number. The next track you click on will have higher number and so on.
When you click on Refresh all selected tracks will be moved to the
upper half in the order you selected them. With the Insert selected
Tracks-Combobox you can specify exactly where the tracks from the lower
half will be included in the upper half.
To deselect Tracks from writing click on its Order-Button so that
the displayed number vanishes and click on Refresh again to see
the new list.
In the Headline of this window you can choose Save Track-list which
creates a textfile containing your actual track-selection.
If you are pleased with your selection you leave the window with Done
and now you can click on Start Write Tracks.
- Verify Burned Data-Track
Compares the data track on the burned CD-R with the one on the HD.
Contents of this section
- Master from/to
- Set Image-Type
- Set ISO9660 Header-Strings
- Master Image
- Write Image
- Verify Burned Image
- Some notes about the ISO9660-Filesystem
Master a CD means that you setup a directory tree containing up to 650 MB
of data that is to be burned on a CD. Because the filesystem on a CD is
completely different from a filesystem on the harddrive, we must convert
the data to the CD-ROM format ISO9660. This takes quite some time.
Here you set where the data is you want to master. You can double-
click on the directory-selection-window to browse through your file-tree.
You also can enter the directory in the entry-box below. You have to
press the Return-Key after you entered the path.
Exclude paths: Here you can enter some paths that will NOT be
included in the CD-Image. Please note that you have to enter the
full path to get this working.
Exclude globs: Here you can enter simple regular-expressions
to remove some files from the CD-Image. (e.g. "*.o" will erase all files
that end with ".o" from the directory-tree). The globs will be matched
against all files and directories in the tree.
After you set all, the Preview CD-Contents-Button display the
contents of the root-directory of the resulting CD. Note that this is
only a simulated output and may not 100% match the real burned CD.
With the Calculate Size-Button X-CD-Roast tries to calculate
the exact size of the resulting Image.
Note: This also takes excluded paths and globs into account.
Here you define how the data should be mastered. This is done by
setting the target system on which the CD will be used.
You can choose:
- Unix Rock-Ridge:
Use this for CDs with long filenames that are case sensitive,
links, permissions...
This type of CD is perfect for Linux CDs and can be read by
most other systems with a few drawbacks. Win95/NT ignores
links and permissions. DOS has problems with long
filenames.
- Rock-Ridge + Win95/NT:
This is a good setting for most cases. It will create a
Rock-Ridge CD perfect for Unix-Systems,
and due the Joliet-Support a very good
result on Win95/NT-Systems.
- Win95/NT:
This creates a true Joliet-CD for Win95/NT. This CD can only
be read on this systems or with Linux with the Joliet-patch.
DOS will only display short filenames.
- DOS:
Creates a CD with short filenames and no extras. Fully readable
on all systems.
- Custom:
Define your own CD-Type:
- Include all files:
Don't skip files that contain a ~ or #. (Usually backup-files)
- Follow symb. Links:
Follow symbolic links instead of writing them as link file
in Rock Ridge or ignoring them otherwise.
- Allow long (32-char) filenames:
Use long filenames instead of the 8.3 format used on DOS.
- Enable Rock Ridge extensions:
Use the Rock Ridge protocol to allow special files like
links, devices and so on.
This option will write all permissions and user and group-ids
as they are in the filesystem. (Usually useless information for
other systems)
- Rock Ridge with anonymity:
Like the normal Rock Ridge, only that all user and group-ids
are set to 0. All permissions will be set in a way that is
more useful (i.e., all files readable, none writeable, etc. )
- Create TRANS.TBL-files:
Generates a file TRANS.TBL in each directory on the CD, which
can be used on non-Rock Rigde capable systems to help establish
the correct file names.
- Omit trailing periods:
Omit trailing periods from files that do not have a period.
This violates the ISO9660 standard, use with caution.
- Do not use deep dir. relocation:
Do not use deep directory relocation, and instead just
pack them in a way we see them. This violates the ISO9660
standard, use with caution. This means that you can have
more than 8 directory levels even when not rock-ridge is used.
(Works on Windows95/NT)
- Allow files beginning with a dot:
Allow filenames to begin with a period. Usually, a
leading dot is replaced with an underscore in order
to maintain MS-DOS compatibility.
- Omit ISO version numbers:
Omit version numbers from ISO9660 filenames. This may
violate the ISO9660 standard, but no one really uses
the version numbers anyway. Use with caution.
- Enable Joliet extensions:
Windows 95/NT introduced a new CD-format that allows
to put long filenames, deeper directory-levels and more
than one dot per filenames on a CD. This format is called
Joliet. It is possible to use Joliet at the same time as
the Rock-Ridge extensions which do the same stuff for
Unix-based operating systems.
With the Save as default-Button you save your favourite
setting. It will be automatically reloaded at the next start
of X-CD-Roast.
Here we prepare the ISO9660-Header-Strings.
- Volume-ID:
Volume-ID to be written in the master block. DOS calls this
disk label.
- Publisher-ID:
This should describe the publisher of the CD-ROM, usually with
mailing address and phone number. Can be 128 chars long.
- Preparer-ID:
This should describe the preparer of the CD-ROM, usually with
mailing address and phone number. Can be 128 chars long.
- Application-ID:
This should describe the application on the CD. Can be 128
chars long.
Read ID's from CD reads all values from a CD in the Data-Read-Device.
Clear Entries clears all entries.
With the Save as default-Button you save your favourite
setting. It will be automatically reloaded at the next start
of X-CD-Roast.
Here you set where the image should be generated (just as with
"Read-Image").
With the Calculate Size button you can find out the exact
size of the image before you master it.
Please note, that the given size also depends on the ISO-Settings
like Rock-Rigde and follow Sym-Links. So set the image-type before
you calculate the size, when you want a precise value.
After mastering you can see into your image with the Review
Image-Contents-Button to check
whether the correct files
have been mastered. The way filenames are displayed can differ a
little on other systems.
See Write-Image on the copy dialog.
See Verify Burned Image on the copy dialog.
- Some notes about the ISO9660-Filesystem:
Please consider that the ISO9660 standard does not allow more than 8
directory levels. If you have more than that, a directory "RR_MOVED" will
be created in the root of your CD containing all the files that are
beyond the eighth directory level. You can get around this limitation
with the "Do not use deep dir. relocation"-Setting of the Image-Type.
(Tested with Linux/Win95/NT)
If you enabled Rock-Ridge on the CD, then this directory will be invisible
mapped back at the correct position when you mount the CD on Rock-Ridge
capable systems (Unix).
When you see a directory "rr_moved" in the Image-Content preview window and
Rock-Ridge was not enabled, you had more than 8 directory levels.
For full Windows 95/NT compatiblity you should enable Rock-Rigde and
Joliet at the same time. This way both the Linux and Windows systems can
use the CD as best as possible.
READ THIS - It will help!
- Timing is critical while writing a CD. Be sure that nobody starts
heavy-loaded processes. (Perhaps by shutting down the network.)
You must maintain a steady data flow. If the CD-Writer "runs dry",
the resulting disc may be unreadable. The more cache the CD-Writer
has, the likelihood of missing data drops.
I was able to write a CD successfully with 4x-speed, on a Yahama Writer
with an ISA-Adaptec 1542B, 486/50. So there is enough
power in Linux. Don't worry. But do use simulation writes to
play safe.
- The Adaptec 2940-Series is known to produce a lot of troubles with
CD-Writers under Linux. Do enable Disconnect, reduce the SCSI-Transfer-
Rate to a minimum for the Writer to prevent troubles. If everything
else fails try to write with slower speed to see if the problem persists.
Using the most recent driver for the Adaptec
solves a lot of problems. Go and install a new kernel! I have been
told that you should let the driver-options at the default values!
Especially the "tagged command queueing" seems to cause lot of problems.
- For NCR-810 based controllers use the new NCR53C8XX-Driver and
enable async. mode if you have problems.
- The next hints are taken from the cdwrite manpage:
Unless your SCSI controller and driver support discon-
nect/reconnects, you will probably not be able to write a
CD correctly if the CD writer and hard disk are on the
same SCSI bus. It is not recommended that IDE drives are
used on CD-writing system; if they are, it is imperative
that interruptible operation is enabled using the hdparm
command.
It is not recommended to use more than single speed when
reading data off a filesystem (as opposed to a raw disk
partition).
cdwrite does not verify that the input data will fit on
the media. In the case of media overrun, the resulting
disc is usually unreadable.
A Compact Disc can have no more than 100 tracks.
When creating a disc with both audio and data tracks, it
is conventional to place the data on track 1. Some CD
players or CD-ROM drives may respond incorrectly to any
other arrangement, although the specifications permit it.
Many systems are not able to read more than a single data
track, or need special software to do so.
Some CD players have problems reading "gold" CD's, and
some have problems reading the outermost tracks (i.e. very
long CD's).
- I encountered a slightly unstable writing behavior when writing
CDs with a lot of tracks. (Audio or Mixed-Mode). After I upgraded
the firmware of my writer, it worked perfectly. ALWAYS use
the simulation-write mode to check out whether your writer <-> SCSI
controller combination works stable.
(You can also experiment with the SCSI-Setup in your SCSI-Bios...
disabling disconnect may help.)
- Mounting an ISO-Image was dangerous with old kernels, if you use a
new kernel, you can do this. If you mastered a CD to a partition,
just mount this partition, if you created a image in a file, you
can use the new loopback mount to mount it.
- When you read digital audio tracks of a CD, check the quality of the
sound-files before you write them. Many CD-ROMs I tested support
digital access to the tracks, but the resulting quality is noisy or
"scattered".
It is best to use your CD-Writer for audio read. They should all
perform perfectly.
- You can create your own audio tracks. Use the program "sox" (not
included) to convert any sound-format to the CDDA-Format. If you
do that on a little-endian-machine like a 386/486/Pentium you have
to reverse the byte order to big endian with the "-x" switch.
X-CD-Roast now wants all its audio-tracks in big-endian-format, the
byteorder-handling is done internally in cdrecord.
Example: To convert a file "sound.wav" (44.1kHz, 16-bit, Stereo) to
CDDA do this:
sox sound.wav -x sound.cdr
Hint: After creating your own audio-tracks and copying them to the
image directory, use the "Play Audio-Tracks"-Option to listen
to your track. If it plays ok, you made everything right.
(The audio-files must have a ".cdr"-extension to be recognized
by X-CD-Roast)
New: X-CD-Roast can now write wav files directly. Just copy
the wav-files in the "Image-Data-Path" where X-CD-Roast looks
for its tracks. You have to care yourself that the files are in
44.1kHz, 16-Bit, stereo format!
-
If your Audio-Tracks are only noise after burning, then you got
the endian-setting wrong. In this case you have to enable the
"Swap Audio"-option in the "Write Tracks"-menu.
- If X-CD-Roast displays the track-sizes on a CD to large by a
factor of 4, then you have perhaps jumpered your CD-Rom for
Unix-mode or you use a CD-Rom designed only for Unix-Workstations.
The term "Unix" means here Unix-Hardware like Workstations from Sun or
HP. Remove the "unix"-jumper on your CD-Rom to get the right sizes
of your tracks.
- When you use the RPM-Binary you may get "tkpriv(...)" errors.
In this case you have to recompile X-CD-Roast to avoid that
library-problems.
- I had some reports that mkisofs tend to core-dump when you use
it on glibc-based systems (e.g. RedHat 5.0). In this case you have
to upgrade your glibc. ftp.redhat.com offers a new version in its
update directories.
- When you start X-CD-Roast with a "-help" or "-h" Option you get
an Seg. Fault. Use "--help" or "-?". Similar problem when you use
"-display" to a host you cannot connect to.
This is a embedded Tix problem I don't know how to fix.
- Right now its not possible to write Mixed-Mode-CDs with a SONY-Writer.
This is due a bug in cdrecord. The Author of cdrecord is working on
that.
- If you have more than one SCSI-controller or you load/unload your
SCSI-driver as a module, you might have problems with cdrecord
finding your CD-Writer. In this case you have to install the
Linux.scsi-patch which is in the cdrecord-source directory.
- When you abort a dummy-write with the "cancel"-button, you might
end up with a CD-Writer in undefined state. If you are not able
to remove the CD from the Writer you have to turn it off/on or
in the worst case reboot your system. Especially the Philips 2600
is known to refuse any further work until you turn in off/on.
- When using the precompiled binary you get in some rare conditions
a "Tcl_CloseFile: unexpected file type, IOT trap/Abort"-Message.
This results from some library incompatibilities and your system.
You have to recompile the whole xcdroast to get it running.
- Sometimes the automatic mount or umount or formatting of a partition
fails. Thats because on some systems you cant do that as non-root.
Not even the suid-bit helps in the case -> You have to run xcdroast
as real root-user. (Does somebody knows how to get around that?)
- The Generic-SCSI-Interface of Linux is quite unstable. If you
experience a lock-up of X-CD-Roast when you start it up, or your SCSI-
Devices are not anymore correctly identified, then you have to
reboot your Computer.
Some devices behave better than others... it also depends on your
controller. I hope somebody will reimplement the SCSI-Interface soon.
- Copying non-ISO9660 CDs is a little tricky. At the moment, I am
skipping the last two blocks of such a CD to ensure that I don't
reach an "unwritten" area, which can cause the kernel to crash.
If you know a better way, I'd appreciate hearing from you.
- Sometimes the program freezes when trying to read from the CD-ROM or
writer when its tray is open. This looks like a hardware bug to me.
If this happens, you have to restart the program.
- In some cases you can click on buttons, which should be "locked"
(when the watch mouse cursor is active). This is due the complex
grabbing code in Tk and is a generally known problem. This behavior
may be different in different Tk-versions.
- When you press on "cancel" while reading or verifying an image, you
have to wait some seconds until the button responds. This is because
the program waits until the working process terminated.
Q: I am using the predecessor of this program, "cdwtools-0.93", what
is new with X-CD-Roast?
A: Really new is the much easier to use X-Interface, the automatic
SCSI setup, better audio-track control and a log facility.
-
Q: Is it safe to burn CDs under X?
A: Any 486 should be fast enough to handle this, but if you are in doubt
try simulated writes to check if errors occur.
-
Q: What about Multisession-support?
A: X-CD-Roast doesn't allow Multisession yet. If you need this feature
you have to do it manually. I expect to have support for this in
Version 0.97 of X-CD-Roast.
-
Q: Why is there no Quick-Audio-Copy?
A: Reading digital Audio from a CD must not be interrupted in order to
produce a "clean" stream. The problem is, that it is difficult
to address a specific sector on an Audio-CD, because there are no
sector-numbers like on a Data-CD. But you have to stop reading from
time to time to write the read data to harddisk. The longer this
writing lasts, the greater is the chance that the audio-read device
loses its track on the current audio-sector...if this happens you
have a "click" in the recording.
When you now want to read audio data and write it at the same time
to a CD-Recordable the problem with the writing-time is much worse,
because the CD-Writer is much slower than a harddrive. The result
would be a very bad copy...therefore I don't bother with programming
a quick-audio-copy. (It might be possible with very clever buffering
and a good knowledge of the devices used...but I dont know what
devices you are using and without vendor-support I'm not able to
do something like that.)
-
Q: Hey, my backspace or delete key doesn't work in entry-fields.
Is this a bug?
A: No, this is not a bug, it is just an incorrect key mapping in X11.
You can fix it by putting this line in your .xinitrc (or if you have
an Xmodmap-file, by changing the corresponding line.)
xmodmap -e "keycode 22 = BackSpace"
-
Q: I fail to compile X-CD-Roast, all I get are error-messages.
A: You have probably a kernel that is too old. Install 2.0 or
above.
-
Q: X-CD-Roast failed to detect any of my SCSI-Hardware, what can I do?
A: Check if you compiled generic SCSI support in the kernel, and if
the generic devices exist. To create the generic devices run
./MAKEDEVICES.sh
in the xcdroast-0.96d directory.
Next check if you installed "generic-SCSI" support in your kernel.
Do a "cat /proc/devices".. There should be a line "21 sg".
If not you have to recompile your kernel.
-
Q: I think I found a bug, what should I do?
A: Before you send me a bug-report, check to see whether I mentioned this
behavior somewhere in the README file. Then check if all your software
and hardware meet the requirements listed in the requirement section of
the documentation.
If it is a cdrecord-problem (so anything that relate somehow to
CD-writing) check the READMEs that came with cdrecord!
DONT WRITE ME ABOUT THAT! Ask
Joerg Schilling (the author of cdrecord) when you have cdrecord-problems!
Also check to see whether there is a new version of this program is
available, look at the primary site:
http://www.fh-muenchen.de/rz/xcdroast
Ok, you've done all this and the error persist.
Your kernel and X-CD-Roast version. Also your linux-distribution
is interesting.
Try to reproduce the error with "xcdroast -debug" and mail me
the output.
A copy of your xcdroast.conf-file. (If you dont have one, mail me
the list of your scsi-devices)
An exact description of the error, what you have done and what
happened. (If a error-window with a stack-trace button pops up, mail
me the stack trace too. Older versions of Tk output the
stack trace in the xterm where you started the program.)
Thanks go to:
- The FH-Munich: For supplying me the hardware and time.
And especially Andreas Boeck of the FHM Computer Center
and Prof. Dr. Stanek supporting the project and their
helpful advice on numerous design questions.
Thanks also to Prof. Dr. Russell Block for reviewing
this README file, and correcting a lot of grammatically
adventures.
- Authors of cdwrite: Adam Richter (adam@yggdrasil.com)
H. Peter Anvin (hpa@storm.ne)
and the others mentioned in the cdwrite manpage.
David Gates for Sony-Support.
- Author of cdda2wav: Heiko Eissfeldt (heiko@colossus.escape.de)
- Author of mkisofs: Eric Youngdale and Yggdrasil Computing
- Author of fdisk3.04: Andries E. Brouwer
- Authors of Tcl/Tk: John Ousterhout and many others.
- Author of Tix: Ioi Kim Lam
- Bill Chimiak (chim@bgsm.edu) for converting this README to HTML.
- Author of cdrecord: Jörg Schilling (schilling@fokus.gmd.de)
These CD-Writers are supported by cdrecord-1.6 and therefore by
this version of X-CD-Roast. More will be most likely supported by
future versions of cdrecord.
Please direct all questions about CD-Writers to the author of
cdrecord: Joerg Schilling (schilling@fokus.gmd.de).
- All SCSI-3/mmc compliant drives
- All ATAPI/mmc compliant drives
- COMPRO CW-7502
- Dysan CR-622 ???? See Wearnes 622
- Dysan CR-1622
- DynaTec CDM-240J (see Pinnacle RCD-4x4)
- DynaTec CDM-240 (use cdrecord driver=yamaha_cdr100 and report inquiry)
- DynaTec CDM-400 (use cdrecord driver=yamaha_cdr100 and report inquiry)
- Grundig CDR-100 (not tested)
- Hewlett Packard 4020i
- Hewlett Packard 6020i
- HP C4324/C4325 (HP SureStore 4020i/6020i)
- HP 7100
- HP 7110
- Hi-Val CD-R (see Pinnacle RCD-4x4)
- JVC XR-W2001 (uses TEAC code - see below - audio not working)
- JVC XR-W2010 (uses TEAC code - see below - audio not working)
- JVC XR-W2020 (uses TEAC code - see below - audio not working)
- Kodak PCD-200 or Kodak PCD-200 Plus
- Kodak PCD-225
- Kodak PCD-240
- Kodak PCD-600 (not tested)
- Matsushita CW-7502
- Memorex CR-622 ???? See Wearnes 622
- Memorex CR-1622
- Microboards PlayWrite 2000 (use cdrecord driver=sony_cdu924 and report inquiry)
- Microboards PlayWrite 4000 (use cdrecord driver=yamaha_cdr100 and report inquiry)
- Microboards PlayWrite 4001RW
- MicroNet MasterCD Plus 4x4 (use cdrecord driver=yamaha_cdr100 and report inquiry)
- MicroNet MasterCD Plus 4x6
- Mitsumi CR-2401-TS (not tested)
- Mitsumi CR-2600-TE
- Olympus CDS615E
- Olympus CDS620E (use cdrecord driver=sony_cdu924 and report inquiry)
- Olympus CD-R2x6 (use cdrecord driver=sony_cdu924 and report inquiry)
- Optima Dis Kovery 650 CD-R (use cdrecord driver=sony_cdu924 and report inquiry)
- OTI CDRW 965
- Panasonic CW-7502
- Philips CDD 521 (CDD521/02 Revision: 2.06 has bad firmware - seems not to work)
- Philips CDD 521 (upgraded units only: ID: CDD521/10 Revision: 2.07)
- Philips CDD 522
- Philips CDD 2000
- Philips CDD 2600
- Philips CDD 3600
- Philips CDD 3610
- Philips Omniwriter 26
- Philips Omniwriter 26A
- Pinnacle Micro RCD-1000 (see TEAC/JVC): Need to upgrade firmware to 2.35
- Pinnacle Micro RCD-5020 (see TEAC/JVC - audio not working)
- Pinnacle Micro RCD-5040 (see TEAC/JVC - audio not working)
- Pinnacle Micro RCD-4x4
- Plasmon CDR 4220 (not tested)
- Plasmon RF-4100
- Plasmon RF-4102
- Plasmon CDR 4400 (use cdrecord driver=yamaha_cdr100 and report inquiry)
- Plasmon CDR 480
- Plextor PX-R24CS (use cdrecord driver=ricoh_ro1420c and report inquiry)
- Plextor PX-R412C
- Procom PCDR 4 (use cdrecord driver=yamaha_cdr100 and report inquiry)
- Ricoh RO-1420C
- Ricoh MP-6200
- Ricoh MP-6200I
- Ricoh MP-6201
- Smart & Friendly CD-R1002 (use cdrecord driver=sony_cdu924 and report inquiry)
- Smart & Friendly CD-R1004 (use cdrecord driver=yamaha_cdr100 and report inquiry)
- Smart & Friendly CD-R2004 (use cdrecord driver=sony_cdu924 and report inquiry)
- Smart & Friendly CD-R2006 PLUS
- Smart & Friendly CD-R2006 PRO
- Smart & Friendly CD-R4000 (use cdrecord driver=yamaha_cdr100 and report inquiry)
- Smart & Friendly CD-R4006
- Smart & Friendly CD-R4012
- Smart & Friendly CD-RW226
- Sony CDU920S (no mixed-mode with all Sony drives)
- Sony CDU924S
- Sony CDU926S
- Sony CDU940S
- TEAC CD-R50S
- TEAC CD-R55S
- Taiyo Yuden CD-WO EW-50
- Traxdata CDR-4120
- Traxdata CDRW-4260
- Turtle Beach 2040R (use cdrecord driver=ricoh_ro1420c and report inquiry)
- Wearnes CD-R622
- Wearnes CD-R632P
- Yamaha CDR-100
- Yamaha CDR-102
- Yamaha CDR-200
- Yamaha CDR-400 (Firmware revision 1.0d and up otherwise upgrade)
- Yamaha CDR-401
- Yamaha CRW-4001
- Yamaha CRW-2260
- Yamaha CRW-4260
The following drives will never be supported by cdrecord because they are too old:
- JVC XR-W1001
- JVC XR-W2001
- Pinnacle Micro RCD-202
- Ricoh RS-9200CD
The following drives are curently not supported because I don't get specs:
(some of them way partially work: see above)
- Creative Labs CDR 4210
- JVC XR-W2001
- JVC XR-W2010
- JVC XR-W2020
- Panasonic CW-7501
- Pinnacle Micro RCD-1000
- Pinnacle Micro RCD-5020
- Pinnacle Micro RCD-5040
- Plasmon CDR-4240
- Ricoh RS-1060C
- Sony CDU-928E does not work, it violates the ATAPI specs
- Sony CDW-900E
What about ATAPI-Writers?
- These things should run when you follow the instructions of the file README.ATAPI included in the cdrecord-directory.
Note: If you have a writer that is not supported by X-CD-Roast yet, you
may want to try out a newer (perhaps beta-version) of "cdrecord". You can download it at ftp://ftp.fokus.gmd.de/pub/unix/cdrecord/.
19.04.98 Thomas Niederreiter
tn@mailserv.rz.fh-muenchen.de