You can set the size of icons in the list of icons. The modification of these sizes doesn't change the sizes of icons in Windows. Certainly, you can use in the Icon pane the same sizes as in Windows.
In the Large Icons mode of the Icon pane, you can set the icon spacing. The zero spacing correspond to the minimally possible distance to provide the densest allocation. However, you can increase the distance or use Windows default.
To change the icon size and spacing: