1. Mongol chieftain conquers huge territory

2. Kublai Khan establishes new dynasty in China

3. English monarchy's power is curtailed under Magna Carta

4. Japan survives Mongol threats

5. Much of northern India comes under Muslim control

6. Battling armies take toll on Constantinople

7. Marco Polo reveals wondrous Cathay

8. Mali Empire becomes the strongest in southern Africa

9. Assisi cathedral attracts finest artists in Italy

1. Mongol chieftain conquers huge territory

Formidable Mongol ruler Genghis Khan and his armies conquered central Asian lands from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan in the early 1200's, founding an empire built on terror and destruction. His fierce armies ruthlessly eliminated any resistance and mercilessly slaughtered entire cities.

Who's who in the most powerful clan of the 1200's? Click here to get acquainted.

View from Today